Between a rock and a hard place : a historical geography of the Finns in the Sudbury area

Table of Contents for Between a Rock and a Hard Place: A Historical Geography of the Finns in the Sudbury Area by Oiva W. Saarinen List of Tables, Figures, Maps, Aerial Photograph and Biographies Acknowledgments Introduction I. Finnish Settlement in Canada Immigration Distribution Demographic Characteristics II. Geographical Pattern of Finnish Settlement in the Sudbury Area Migration to the Sudbury Area Distribution Copper Cliff Temporary Mining Camps Company Towns of Garson and Creighton Sudbury and Environs Downtown Donovan Lockerby Rural Enclaves Waters Township Lorne Township (Beaver Lake) Louise Township (Whitefish) Broder Township (Long Lake) Dill, Cleland, Secord and Burwash Townships (Wanup) Post-World War II Trends Lake Panache Recreational Zone Florida as a Winter Destination III. The Great Divide The Legacy of Finland The Influence of Russia/Soviet Union The United States Factor Domestic Factors Early Factionalism in Copper Cliff Shift of Radicalism to Sudbury Socialism and the Labour Movement Vapaus , the FOC and Communism The Comintern and the Bolshevization Controversy The Finnish Crisis Split with the Co-operative Movement Communist Trials and Deportation Karelia-Fever Sale of Liberty Hall Government Surveillance Conservative Countermovement Finnish State Finnish National Society of Sudbury and the Central Organization of Loyal Finns in Canada The Fighting Church Vapaa Sana World War II and Its Aftermath Finnish-Canadian War Effort Left-Wing Suppression Canada-Finland Assistance Finnish Canadian Historical Society Growth and Consolidation of the Church Centennial Year and Finland Week Decline of FOC, COLFC and Vapaus Finnish Canadian Cultural Federation Finnish Institutions and the Canadianization Process IV. Finns in the Workplace Labour Force (1883â1945) Transportation Mining and Construction Lumbering Farming Workersâ Rights and the Labour Movement Gender Equality in the Labour Force White-Collar Pursuits Post-World War II Employment V. Finnish Cultural Contributions to the Sudbury Area Sports Athletic Clubs Wrestling/Bodybuilding Cross-Country Skiing Track and Field Gymnastics The Summer Festival Tradition Performing Arts The Sauna Knights and Ladies of Kaleva Organizations Sudbury Finnish Rest Home Society Sudbury Suomi Lions Club Finnish War Veterans (Sudbury) Finnish Language Schools Symbolic Ethnicity VI. Conclusions and Retrospect Notes Bibliography Index