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What Is Populism? by Jan-Werner Müller
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What Is Populism? (edition 2016)

by Jan-Werner Müller (Author)

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2389112,695 (3.73)None
This may be called an excellent primer to populism. Abd, this is the third time I have read this book!

For many of us, who call leaders populist, in our daily speech, there has never been a clear definition, or guideline, to defining what it is. This book provides this. It is a short book, and this makes it even more valuable, in my eyes, as there is little space wasted. Too often, people will write a long book because it is a good thing to do, and this then creates a lot of matter that obscures the subject.

Jan-Werner Muller avoids this trap and goes to the heart of the subject.

Could he have analysed more? I would say yes. For instance, what sort of populist would Bernie Sanders make, versus Trump. However, I assume that this was not the subject of the book.

I can clearly see parallels in the India of today.

So, overall, an excellent book. ( )
  RajivC | May 6, 2021 |
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A populizmus jelensége valószínűleg a legnagyobb kihívás, ami a XXI. században a demokráciákra vár – Müller professzor pedig van olyan rendes, és összegereblyézi nekünk a vele kapcsolatos tudnivalókat, definiálja és rendszerbe rendezi őket, majd szép kerek tanulmányként helyezi őket elibénk. Merthogy a populizmusról sokat beszélnek, de sok a zűrzavar is a fogalommal kapcsolatban – többről van ugyanis szó, mint hogy a populizmus a demokrácia részeg változata, aki hőzöng a házibulin, hülyeségeket beszél, letépi a függönyt és összerondítja a mosdót, de majd kialussza magát, vagy ha nem, akkor el kell vitetni kényszerelvonóra. A populizmus ezzel szemben a demokrácia állandó kísérőjelensége, ami többnyire a demokrácia létező problémáira reagál – arra az érzésre, hogy nincsenek kapaszkodók, vesztesei vagyunk a szabadpiaci rendszernek, nincs befolyásunk a technokratákra (azt se értjük, mit akarnak), a változást pedig válságnak látjuk és ettől veszélyben érezzük magunkat.

Ha tehát a populizmus hívei felől nézzük, értelmezhető kérdéseket látunk, amire válaszolni kell, mert ha nem tesszük, ott állnak tettre készen a populista politikusok, akik nem haboznak a bennük rejlő potenciált a maguk javára fordítani. A populista politikus ugyanis érzékeli, hogy a túl sok információt, a túl bonyolult válaszokat a lakosság túlnyomó része úgy fordítja le magának, hogy nincsenek igazi információk, és a válaszok is hamisak – tehát a demokrácia nem is valódi demokrácia. Logikus, hogy ha ez a többség olyasvalakit lát maga előtt, aki egyetlen egyszerű igazságot hirdet, az kellemesen érinti, és hajlandó eltekinteni ezért a kellemes érzésért cserébe attól, hogy 1.) ez az ún. “igazság” a tényekkel nem kompatibilis 2.) a populista politikus is szemmel láthatóan ugyanolyan korrupt (sőt!), mint elődei, és hajlamos leépíteni a demokráciában életbevágóan fontos fékek és ellensúlyok rendszerét. Ez utóbbi a többséget azért sem zavarja, mert ő a demokráciát eddig is valami gyanús dolognak tekintette, ami a feje felett zajlik – a populizmus, ha nem is különb nála, de legalább úgy csinálja a suskust, hogy azt ő is érti. Helikopterrel rénszarvasra! Erőművet a haveroknak! Ez legalább világos dolog. A helyzet azonban az, hogy minden hibájával együtt a demokrácia jelen pillanatban az egyetlen politikai rendszer, ami potenciálisan képes egy változó korral kapcsolatban nemcsak döntéseket hozni, de tévedés esetén ezeket a döntéseket korrigálni és új döntést hozni helyettük, ami persze megint nem lesz tökéletes, de akkor ismét új döntést hoz, és így tovább, és így tovább, a végtelenségig – magyarán a demokrácia a politikai rendszerek közül leginkább képes az önkorrekcióra, arra, hogy az általa kinyilvánított ún. “igazságot” az empirikus tényekre reagálva újra és újra kiigazítsa*.

Ezzel szemben a populizmus azt állítja, hogy csak egyetlen igazság van, és annak egyetlen birtokosa – ő maga –, következésképpen a vita és a kiigazítás felesleges, sőt: ellenjavallt. Ez pedig tulajdonképpen nem más, mint a párbeszéd berekesztése – és ezáltal a demokrácia berekesztése is. Megnyugtató persze hinni, hogy van egy darab közérthető, frappáns igazság – de hogy egy komplex, plurális világban egyetlen egyszerű igazság létezhet, az nem több illúziónál. És bármilyen szép is egy illúzió, ha szorul a hurok, a hajunkra kenhetjük.

Amúgy meg remek kötet: világos, okos, és még a magyarokat is sokszor emlegeti. (Mondjuk erre nem nagyon lehetünk büszkék.) Ismerős dolgokat bőven fogunk benne találni, de azokat Müller kiválóan helyezi tágabb kontextusba, és bár helyenként ismétli önmagát, de mindig úgy, hogy új és új információval tágítja az eddig elmondottakat – valószínűleg pont ezért alkalmas tökéletesen arra, hogy laikusok is forgassák. Ha csak egy könyvet olvastok el a populizmusról… ésatöbbi, ésatöbbi, blabla, blabla.

* Egyes politológusok szerint maga a válságjelenség (például maga a populizmus) sem más, mint a demokrácia önkorrekciója működés közben, tehát nem pusztán probléma, hanem a megoldás része. ( )
  Kuszma | Jul 2, 2022 |
This is the kind of book I want to hand out on the street. It is a smart and interesting way to distinguish populism from democracy. ( )
  trishrobertsmiller | Jan 24, 2022 |
This may be called an excellent primer to populism. Abd, this is the third time I have read this book!

For many of us, who call leaders populist, in our daily speech, there has never been a clear definition, or guideline, to defining what it is. This book provides this. It is a short book, and this makes it even more valuable, in my eyes, as there is little space wasted. Too often, people will write a long book because it is a good thing to do, and this then creates a lot of matter that obscures the subject.

Jan-Werner Muller avoids this trap and goes to the heart of the subject.

Could he have analysed more? I would say yes. For instance, what sort of populist would Bernie Sanders make, versus Trump. However, I assume that this was not the subject of the book.

I can clearly see parallels in the India of today.

So, overall, an excellent book. ( )
  RajivC | May 6, 2021 |
A wonderful book about this modern political phenomenon. The author argues that the core claim of populism is moralized antipluralism. A populist leader claims to be a spokesperson for the common people, but all who disagree are excluded from that group. The author explains clearly why support for populism should not be mischaracterized as mere stupidity, and also how, if they gain control, populists can abuse their powers without being exposed as frauds in the eyes of their supporters. He also maintains that other parties should engage with populists, not exclude them. It would have been good to discuss this in a bit more detail and cite a few examples. Nevertheless, it is a rare book which provides this much political wisdom in just over 100 pages, even more so when that wisdom finds immediate application in real-world events. You will certainly be able to debate politics better after reading this book, though maybe not with populists.
1 vote thcson | Apr 28, 2019 |
This may be called an excellent primer to populism.

For many of us, who call leaders populist, in our daily speech, there has never been a clear definition, or guideline, to defining what it is. This book provides this. It is a short book, and this makes it even more valuable, in my eyes, as there is very little space wasted. Too often, people will write a long book because it seems to be a good thing to do, and this then creates a lot of matter that obscures the subject.

Jan-Werner Muller avoids this trap, and goes to the heart of the subject.

Could he have analysed more? I would say yes. For instance, what sort of populist would Bernie Sanders make, versus Trump. However, I assume that this was not the subject of the book.

So, all in all, an excellent book. ( )
  RajivC | Apr 1, 2018 |
My original What Is Populism? audiobook review and many others can be found at Audiobook Reviewer.

What is Populism is a well-argued opinion that presents the theory of populism and its connection to pluralism. The argument is supported through the use of world history, both past and recent, as well as the misconceptions held by society – specifically voters (aka “The People”). This audiobook was well written, presented the argument well and was supported by facts although also vague about some aspects. Drawing upon the recent Presidential campaigns, Jan-Werner Muller demonstrates how populists claim to identify with the people and rejects everyone else. Ultimately, this is a political theory that is well supported but not necessarily for everyone.

The narrator, Simon Vance performed the audiobook well, he was clear and concise in his performance. His voice was steady and strong; there were no indications of whether he supported the book’s theories or not, he was very professional.

There were no issues with the audio quality or production of this book.

Please note, that as a listener of audiobooks I enjoy fiction and some non-fiction books. While this was not an audiobook I would normally have agreed to listen to, I did find it interesting and informative.

Audiobook was purchased for review by the publisher. ( )
  audiobibliophile | Jul 20, 2017 |
Days after the US elections of 2016, while still in shock at the presidential result, I started to wonder what all this "populist" talk might portend. I had heard the term quite a bit in the previous months but felt I still didn't have a good grasp either of its meaning nor its history as a party, movement, whatever. There were a number of books out and I chose Muller's because of some good reviews and its brevity - about 90 pages, and perhaps 20 of those were notes. After reading the first dozen pages or so I knew I had made a mistake. It's in what I would call academic-speak and I detest academic speak. I checked a brief bio - sure enough, Muller was listed as a politics professor at a major Ivy League uni.

Reading this book reminded me of college courses I took to complete some last semester requirements - you know the ones, word of mouth had it that there was no paper to write, no midterm, an easy A, only a one question essay final exam, but lots of boring lectures and you HAD to go.

I only wanted to learn some basic stuff - how come populism doesn't seem to last very long?, was Hitler a populist? what can we expect from our new administration? is our new President a real populist or a FAKE populist? Instead I got words like pluralism, antipluralist, liberalism, individualism, materialism, atheism, majoritarinaism, constitutionalism,elitism, and ochlocracy. Yes, "ochlocracy", I hadn't heard that word for at least a week. ( )
  maneekuhi | Mar 30, 2017 |
So many people use the phrase populism without having an adequate definition of what is meant by the phrase. In this compact book, Muller provides an answer to the question of what populism is and analyzes the current actors considered populist against the criteria he defined. An excellent book for our turbulent times. ( )
  M_Clark | Mar 28, 2017 |
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