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collections. It may be permitted to suggest to him that he should make experiments also on the earlier fabrics with black paste, which occur on prehistoric sites in most parts of Europe and Western Asia, though these have already quite a literature of their own.

J. L. MYRES.

V

SCULPTURE AND MINOR ARTS

1. SCULPTURE. Greece.-Important developments have taken place in connection with the Thessalian group at Delphi. Last winter a male torso was found by peasants in a modern wall below the temenos.

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This fits a head1 and leg found by the French with the other fragments of the group. Also, Miss Gardiner and Mr Smith of the American School have restudied the whole group, and made several discoveries. They have proved that the statue called Sisyphus II. does not fit the plinth, as stated by Homolle, and must be thrown out of the group, from which it differs in style. Further, a torso that Homolle connected with the head referred to, must be rejected since the discovery of the new torso. Thus what is practically a new figure is added to the group. This, which is very like the Agias in style, the American students suggest may represent Telemachus, his brother. Finally, they have re-examined the whole base, and have concluded that it is all of one period, and conjecture that the uninscribed plinth supported a statue of a deity, perhaps Athena Itonia, the patron of Thessaly. The detailed publication of these interesting results will be eagerly awaited.

The Charioteer still continues to be the object of controversy, and Washburn, in a recent paper, answers Pomtow's objections to the view that it belonged to the group by Amphion of Knossus, dedicated by Arkesilas of Cyrene. This opinion, put forward by Svoronos and Washburn and 1 B.C.H. 1899, pl. 26. 2 Ibid. pl. 9. 3 Ibid. pl. 26. 1 Am. Journ. Arch. 1908, pp. 198 ff.

supported by Studniczka and Lechat, seems the most probable. It identifies the Charioteer with a monument mentioned by Pausanias, and makes the extant fragments of the group agree with his description. On the other hand, the original Hiero theory has no evidence, either monumental or literary, to support it, for Pausanias does not refer to any such group dedicated by Hiero or Polyzalus.

Dr Stais has continued his researches at Sunium, and has been fortunate enough to find further fragments of the colossal archaic "Apollos" discovered last year, especially the legs of the best figure, now set up in the Athens Museum.1

At Priniá, in Crete, the Italian excavations round an archaic temple have brought to light interesting early sculptures in soft stone. There are remains of a cornice nearly 3 feet high carved in low relief with a procession of riders. Numerous fragments of votive and cult statues have enabled a reconstruction of their type. This represents a goddess seated on a throne and clad in a thick chiton decorated with vertical and horizontal bands of relief showing animals and rosettes. The high base of the throne is ornamented with reliefs not only on the sides, but also on the bottom, thus proving that it rested on pilasters. Amongst the representations are a primitive female figure, deer, and lionesses.2

Recently the discovery of a terra-cotta in a tomb at Zarax, near Monemvasia, has directed attention to the Venus of Milo, for this was supposed to throw some light on the problem of her missing arms. The terra-cotta, which is 18 inches high, represents Aphrodite in a similar attitude: she is semi-nude, her right hand holds the drapery at her waist, and her left a mirror. But Dr Stais, who publishes the figurine, decides that though similar in motive, it is not sufficiently alike to help in the restoration of the Venus.

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At Lycosoura Dickins has completed his work on the group of Damophon, and now publishes a reconstruction.* 1 Πρακτικά, 1907, p. 61. 2 Pernier, Il Marzocco, 1908, No. 33. 9 Ep. Apx. 1908, pls. 6, 7, pp. 135 ff.

B.S.A. xiii. pls. 12-14, pp. 357 ff.

The most interesting point is the discovery that the Anytus was an acrolithic statue. Further, it is to be observed that in the figures of Demeter, Despoina, and Artemis, the heads are much better worked than the torsos, which are very roughly modelled. The results show that the group was not cut out of one block, as stated by Pausanias, and that the backs of the figures were left unworked, and in some cases even hollowed out.

The mourning female statue from Trentham recently acquired by the British Museum has been discussed by E. A. Gardner.1 He is of opinion that it is an Attic work of prePraxitelean date (early fourth century), and that the Praxitelean school was greatly influenced by its artist. Dr Schrader has continued his work on the archaic sculptures in the Acropolis Museum, and has succeeded in fitting some fragments (feet, hands, etc.) on to the Kore statues, and finding legs for two of the horses. These are long and thin, but add greatly to the charm of the figures. He is actively engaged in preparing his book on the whole series of the archaic sculptures, which will be a full and authoritative account of his opinions and discoveries. The issue of a

much belated part of the Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique gives us for the first time reproductions 2 of two fine stela at Thebes. These represent warriors, and are worked by incisions on black Eleusinian stone. The backgrounds are roughed, and Vollgraff, who describes them, supposes that the figures were painted in encaustic and the grounds with ordinary paint. From the excellence of the drawing of the figures and the details, these stele, which are dated to the later fifth century, deserve to be better known. In France, Collignon3 has found in the museum at Auxerre an archaic female statuette of a xoanon type, but with strong stylistic analogies to the Eleutherna statue and other works of the Cretan-Daedalid school. Dr Sitte publishes a fine archaic head and some other miscellaneous sculptures from 2 B.C.H. 1902, pls. 7, 8.

1 J.H.S. 1908, pls. 27-29.
3 Rev. Arch. 1908, pl. 10.
Jahreshefte, 1908, pp. 142 ff., fig. 36.

Thasos. Dr Hekler1 protests against the identification of the "Tegea" head as the "Atalanta" of Scopas. His objections are certainly reasonable, and deserve attention.

Italy.-Dr Rizzo has just published 2 the fine relief of "Antinous" found last year at Torre del Padiglione. It represents Antinous as Silvanus, and is signed by Antonianos of Aphrodisias. It is further evidence, if any were needed, that the school of Aphrodisias flourished about the time of Hadrian. Also the details, such as the vine in the background and the dog that accompanies Antinous, recall the Hellenistic reliefs, and confirm the view that these are to be considered as Roman. It is noticeable that the workmanship of this well-preserved relief appears to be rather Trajanic than Hadrianic.

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Klein has advanced a new theory about the Venus of the Esquiline. He suggests that it is a copy of the bronze statue of Hydna, daughter of Skyllis, the diver, which stood at Delphi, and was taken to Rome by Nero. It would date from about 470-460 B.C., and represent Hydna binding her hair just before diving. Amelung has put together from fragments in Rome and Florence the greater part of a pediment, which he dates to the Flavian period. The figures seem to be derived from Hellenistic originals, and show how much artists of the imperial period were indebted to that age for their motives. Unfortunately, as the central figures are missing, the subject of the pediment cannot be determined. A new statuette of an old woman going to market is published by Mariani.5 It belongs to the class of statuettes that illustrate rustic life, and are associated with the name of a Myron, who made an anus ebria in the third or second century B.C.; the old woman, whose withered body is rendered with brutal realism, carries some birds and a basket of fruit, and is a fit companion for the peasants in the Palazzo dei Conservatori. Loewy has devoted an

1 Jahreshefte, 1908, p. 117.
3 Jahreshefte, 1907, p. 141.

5 Bull. Com. 1907, pl. 7, pp. 257 ff.

❝ Collignon, ii. figs. 290, 291.

2 Ausonia, 1908, fasc. 1.
4 Röm. Mitt. 1908, pls. 1-3.

7 Ausonia, 1907, pp. 77 ff.

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