. of peace with those tribes, which soon fol- and yellow harvest-fields of luxuriant grain lowed, at least gave repose to the frontier surpassing in beauty all other crops. Also settlements. The wise, liberal and pacific were distributed over the country work-shops policy of Washington and most of his suc- in which various mechanical occupations were cessors toward the Indian nations; and the pursued for domestic purposes. The enterfrequent purchases from different tribes of prise of the citizens was evident too from their Indians of larger portions of their lands for eagerness in accomplishing facilities for inpecuniary considerations; and the establish- tercourse between different parts of the State ment of strong garrisons of United States and also with other States, such as canals, troops in different parts of the Western roads, &c., which received their early attencountry; have done much to check wars tion. Villages and towns too have sprung between the tribes of Indians, and to pre- up with great rapidity, and cities, which vie vent their assaults upon the white settle- in splendor, magnitude and commercial richments. The surrender of fort Detroit also es with those of the Atlantic States. Schools had a similar tendency. No serious injury also and academies and colleges and churchwas ever apprehended from the Western In-es and learned societies and periodical pubdians, after the victory achieved by General lications and printing establishments, everyWayne, unless when confederated with some where to be found, show the taste of the peoforeign power. By the extinguishment of ple for improvement. The country from the Indian titles to their lands, tribes and rem- fertility of its soil and industry of its inhabnants of tribes have been seen every year itants, besides supplying the wants of a nuremoving Westward, choosing rather the merous population, yields an immense surneighborhood of the beaver and buffalo, than plus for exportation. The trade on the rivthat of the white man. And what is now ers and lakes is chiefly in vessels of magnithe situation of that country? And what tude, equal to those that traverse the Atlanwas its situation when Wayne gained his tic, propelled not by wind, or tide, or current, victory? Could any one of the thousands but moving often with great velocity and of his army possessing the most vivid, or if with heavy burthens, in a direction contrary you please, the most eccentric imagination, to all these forces and entirely overcoming have been able to command a full view of them—and this by an invention of modern the countries bounded by the Ohio, the Mis- origin and entirely American. This immense sissippi and the great lakes, could such an region of country extending from the Ohio one have anticipated the results that have to the great Lakes and to the Mississippi on since taken place? Then that whole re- the West, is now covered by a civilized popgion was claimed and possessed by hordes ulation and divided into four separate inof lawless, half-starved savages, gaining a dependent republican governments, each meagre subsistence by the chase and de- managing its own internal concerns and lighting in blood and plunder. Could such each united with the other States of the an one have supposed, that in less than half American Union, for general purposes. Can a century the whole of this wide-spread re- any man review the state of things in that gion would be inhabited by a civilized popu- immense region from the year 1794 until the lation in the full tide of prosperity? In a present time and cease to wonder at the unvery few years after Wayne's victory, emi- accountable transformations that have taken grants from the Northern States, from Vir- place in the face of the country, popula ginia, Kentucky and other portions of our tion and improvements? Very similar great country covered most of the Eastern part of changes have taken place in the great States this large region. Where erewhile had been of Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas and Misthe Indian wigwam and encampments, now souri, nearly in the same time and from the might be seen farm-houses, barns and other same causes. Nothing appears more extrabuildings; plantations laid off into fields, all ordinary, unless it be that the great valley of those grains and grasses and domestic ani- the Mississippi should have remained so tomals which contribute so much to the sub-tally unknown until the close of the 18th sistence and comfort of man; verdant pas- century. tures, flowering meadows, bending orchards CORRIGENDA. Page 5th, left-hand column, 15th line from the bottom :-"A violent storm raging for four days dispersed and shattered Drake's fleet and destroyed the vessels that had been assigned to Lane." This is inaccurate; the vessels referred to were only blown off to sea and probably afterwards rejoined the fleet, although this is not mentioned. Page 32nd, left-hand column, 25th line from the top:-For, "the governor sate in the choir, on a green velvet cushion, laid on a table before him, on which he knelt," read, "The governor sate in the choir, on a chaire, with a cloath, with a green velvet cushion laid on a table before him, on which he knelt." Page 37th, right-hand column, 9th line from the bottom:-"This, it is said, was the first instance of raising money by this mode [lottery] in England." By an authority which I had not seen when the above was printed, I have learned that a lottery was drawn in England for the purpose of raising a fund for repairing the harbors of the kingdom, as early as 1569. See Anderson's History of the Colonial Church, Vol. 1, p. 271, in note. This is an elaborate and instructive work. Page 38th, left-hand column, 4th line from the bottom:-For "Rev. Mr. Mays," read, " Rev. Mr. Mease." Page 41st, left-hand column, in note:-" And I think I have somewhere seen that he died about the mouth of Delaware Bay, which thence took its name from him." Stith 148, Belknap, v. 2, p. 115-16. Stith fell into an error on this point and Belknap followed him in it. Delaware Bay, (the mouth of the river called by the Indians Chickahocki) and river, were so named in 1611, when Lord Delaware put in there, on his homeward voyage. 1. Anderson's History of the Colonial Church, pp. 271, 311. Page 62nd, left-hand column, 10th line from the bottom :-For "expelled Lord Baltimore from Maryland," read, "expelled Leonard Calvert, brother of Lord Baltimore and his deputy Governor, from Maryland." And 8th line, for " Baltimore who had "Calvert who had fled to fled to Virginia," read, Virginia." Page 89th, left-hand column, 2nd line from the bottom, in note:-For " governor of South Carolina," read, "governor of North Carolina." 66 Page 106th, right-hand column, 11th line from the bottom, in note:-For "Major John Spotswood," read, Captain John Spotswood," and lefthand column, 23rd line from top, for Edward Jennings, read Edmund. Page 107th, right-hand column, 15th line from the bottom, in note:-For "there are no Stores," read, "there are no Stones." Page 113th, left-hand column, 11th line from the bottom:-For" 100,000," read, " 500,000." Page 118th, left-hand column, 7th line from the top:-For "at Bridge's Creek on the Potomac," read, "on the banks of Pope's Creek near where it empties into the Potomac." Page 119th, right-hand column, 24th line from the top:-For "after an absence of eleven days," read, "after an absence of eleven weeks.” |