This aerolite must therefore be of a different species from those that have hitherto been analysed, since it contains neither magnesia nor chrome, substances constantly found in other stones of this description; and in containing a considerable quantity of alumine, traces only of which have been discovered in others. indicated by the watches, gave double the time of the propagation by the solid substance, independent of the difference there might be between them. Thus the time of the transmission by the solid, was found by repeated observations to be 0.26", and of that by the air 2.76". The first result differs from that given by the intervals. of the sounds only 0.03"; and the second differs from the time deduced from the observations of the aca demy just as much; an agreement that appears to confirm the results. M. Biot likewise observed that, at this distance, the lowest voice might be heard perfectly well from one end to the other, and with sufficient distinctness to keep up a conversation. The primitive form of the diamond, is known to be a regular octaedron. Most frequently it presents itself in spheroidal crystals, or with curvilinear facets. It has been found cubical, plano-convex, cylindroid; but it was hot suspected to be susceptible of that variety of form, which Romé de l'Isle termed macle, and Hauy has named hemitrope, that is, where half of the crystal is turned back, so as M. LESCHEVIN, chief commissary of to form re-entering augles, as is seen in gun-powder and saltpetre, has sent from some varieties of the ruby,, feldspar, &c. Dijon, to the Council of Mines, a collecAmong the rough diamonds, however, tion of specimens of rocks, interesting on given by M. d'Arcet, to Messrs. Guyton account of the green particles which they Morveau, Hachette, and Clement, for a contain. Several pieces of this stone, series of experiments on their combus- and a siliceous breccia, improperly tion; there was one which those chemists called chalcedony of Creuzot, containing thought proper to set aside as presenting the same substance, had been found in the first example of such a structure. It abundance on the road, and Messrs. weighs nearly eleven grains. The spe- Guyton and Le Lievre, had ascertained cific gravity is 3,512. It is formed of that the green colour was not owing to two demi-spheroids, the deflected posi- copper: but it was not known whence tion of which, imperfectly terminated at they came. After much search, M. one of the extremities, exhibits at the Leschovin discovered these green rocks, other the very decided re-entering angles in three contiguous mountains, and found that characterise the hemitrope. that they were colored by oxide of chrome, combined in greater or less quantity with silex, alumine, &c. one of those mountains he met with the graphic granite, which several authors have mentioned as accompanying the emerald; and he intends to search for that stone also, which M. Vauquelin has discovered to be sometimes coloured with chrome. Since M. Drappier has shown, that chrome united with lead, makes the most beautiful of yellows, this discovery may prove of considerable advantage. The aqueducts constructing at Paris, bave enabled M. BIOT to make experiments on the propagation of sound, through solid bodies, on a larger scale than had hitherto been done. The total length of the pipes was, $118 feet. A blow with the hammer at one end, was heard at the other producing two distinct sounds; the interval of which measured in more than 200 trials was 2,5". The temperature was 11° (51,8 F.) According to the experiments of the Academy, the time of the propagation of sound to this distance, through the air, should be 2,79", at this temperature; from which, if we deduct 2,5", the interval observed, we have 0,29" for the time the sound was in being propagated through the solid substance. This result was confirmed in another way. Two persons were stationed at the opposite extremities of the pipe, each provided with a half second watch, carefully compared, and each struck alternately with a hammer at intervals, of 0,15,30, and 45 seconds. The time of the arrival of the two sounds was noted, and the sum of the numbers EAST INDIES. On A shark of extraordinary dimensions some months since made its appearance in the upper parts of the river Hoogley, where the Hindoos are accustomed to perform their ablutions. Many attempts were made to destroy it but in vain. Three bramins with several of their followers were among its victims, and the greatest consternation prevailed among the bathers, who rather than forego a practice consecrated by their religion, were content to enjoy it at the risk of their lives. AMERICA. AMERICA. A cluster of islands has been recently discovered in the South-scas, by Captain BRISTOW. They are situated in 50. 40. south latitude, and 166. 35. east longitude: are seven in number; and the largest contains a fine harbour, in which abundance of fish, fowl, wood, and water, can easily be procured. Captain Bristow named themLord Auckland's Group." Captain DRACKLOW, of Kingston, Jamaice, on a voyage from thence to Bal timore, states, that on the 9th of September, at twelve o'clock at night, a remarkable occurrence took place:-lie felt a sudden and severe shock, which astonished all hands, and for which they were at a loss to account. Some time having elapsed in various surimises, the mate discovered that a large sword-fish had struck the ship, which was unable to extri cate itself, being fastened in the timbers the vessel sprang a moderate leak immediately. The length of the fish 25 feet, and seven feet round by computation; it remained fastened to the vessel six or seven hours, when it broke of apparenty dead-breeze seven knots lat. 18.30. magnesia 10, nickel 1, leaving a loss of 5. Sone specimens carried to France were examined by M. Gillet Laumont, who gives the following account of them:They contained rounded globules, ferruginous and brittle, of a blackish grey, and assuming a dull metallic aspect on being rubbed with a smooth file. They were not very abundant, and appeared to be slightly attracted by the magnet. Small portions of malleable iron were dilused very plentifully through the stones. They were of irregular shapes, and very unequal in size, and easily cut with a steel instrument like those con tained in most aerolites. I separated a small flat triangular piece, about a quarter of an inch long, which I heated to different degrees, and afterwards plunged into cold water, but could not make it harder. One of the specimens contained imbedded in it a portion of a small body of the size of a pea, of a whitish grey colour, composed of smooth shining lamellar facets, forming angles too small to be measured. It resembled a piece of broken feldspar. Ou endeavouring to detach a piece for the purpose of assaying it, the small mass immediately separated, leaving a cavity which showed that it was rounded before it was mould similar substance still exists in the stone, and there are some yellowish particles in the cavity from which this lamellar substance was taken. This substance scratched German sheet glass. It did not effervesce with nitric acid. leated before the blow-pipe, it was immediately coyered with a black enamel, which transuded in small globules; but the mass did not melt. The aerolite of Weston therefore contained a substance which was neither carbonate of lime nor feld. spar; and I believe it is the first time that a lamellar substance, having the true elements of crystallization, has been mentioned as discovered in a stone fallen from the atmosphere." An American paper contains the following extraordinary instance of deple-ed in the stone. A particle of a very tion, practised on Captain JAMES NIE LETT, a man thirty years of age, of a full and plethoric habit of body when in health, and accustomed to daily exercise on foot, of a bilious aspect. His complaint was an indammatory affection of the lungs. From the 28th of May to the 28th of July, Captain Niblett lost, by admeasurement, 600 ounces of blood, and by weight 638 ounces 6 drachms; being, it is presumed, the largest quantity ever drawn from the veins of any human being in the same length of time, by medical advice, and for the person to bear it and do so well. He was bled fifty different times, and the blood every time was covered with a thick, strong, white coat, and lost from four to twenty ounces each time. He was cupped, and had leeches applied daily, for several weeks, exclusive of the bleedings at the arm, and the discharge from the seton. The meteoric stones that fell at Weston, in Connecticut, on the 14th of Oc toher 1807, have been analyzed by Professor WOODHOUSE, who obtained from 100 parts, silex 50, iron 27, sulphur 7, MONTHLY MAG. No. 195.* A large body of warriors, hunters, &c. all well armed and equipped, took their departure a few months ago from Louisville, in the United States, on a three years' expedition, to join the Missouri Company, who design to establish themselves, not only on the river Columbia, but to enlarge the sphere of their coumerce to the East-Indies. REVIEW OF NEW MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS. A Selection of Welch Melodies, with appro•priate English Words. Adapted for the Voive, with Symphonies and Accompaniments for the Piano-forte, or Harp, by John Parry, 158. R. PARRY, by a laudable assi Mduity, has here collected, and by the exertion of his talents arranged för the voice and piano-forte, a considerable number of scarce and valuable Welch melodies. Considering the labour and difficulty of the task, the having to assemble so many scarce and widely-scattered materials; to procure the national words; to translate and adapt those words to melodies, many of which are destitute of measure and rhyme; and to arrange and accompany the whole, without disfiguring the original music; weighing these obstructions to success, we cannot but give Mr. Parry much credit for the style in which he has acquitted himself. The work comes forward with every adventitious aid. The airs, besides being arranged, as described above, are sepa rately adapted for the flageolet and flute. The inquisitive reader is furnished with observations, at once useful and entertaining, on the present state of music and poetry in Wales: a specimen is given of the old notation of ancient British music; and the volume is ornamented with a handsome frontispiece, representing king Cadwalader presiding at a congress of rival bards in the seventh century, and rewarding with a medal the successful candidate for the prize. Number 1. of a Series of analized Fugues, with dunite Counterpoints, composed for kod Performers on one Piano-forte, or Organ, by A. F. C. Kottmann, Organist of His Majesty's German Chapel, St. James's. 5s. The contents of the pages before us allow us to augur well of Mr. Kollmann's proposed work. The fugues are constructed in a masterly manner, and the analizations are perspicuous and satisfactory. The whole is to consist of three Numbers, each containing four fugues. The principal object of the publication is, to elucidate, practically, the principles of the fugue, and of double counterpoint, as taught in this author's theoretical works. This they are well calculated to effect; and will be found highly useful by those who are engaged in studying the abstrusities of musical theory. "Viva Enrico," Chorus in the Opera of La Caccia di Enrica IV. Composed by Signor Pucilla. 3s. 6d. We find a liveliness of conception, and a spirit of expression in this chorus, which bespeak considerable powersin operetical composition. If we do not discover any prominent features of science or learned contrivance, neither do we feel disappointed at their absence; it is long since opera chorusses exhibited any traits of that description. The part for the piano-forte, with which "Viva Enrico" is accompanied, is busy and ingenious, and will serve as a pow erful recommendation with practitioners on that instrument. Canzonet for Two Sopranos, "Markd you her more than mortal Grace," composed by Dr. John Clarke, f Cambridge. 1s. This Canzonet is written with ease and taste, and the expression is just and impressive. The first movement is happily introductory to the second many pleasing and well-assimilated Clarke's masterly conception and culoffer passages new proofs of Dr. tivated judgment. and Serenade for the Piano-forte, in which is in- The chief merit of this Serenade, (and which will not fail to greatly recom mend it) is its variety. The several movements are, besides being pleas ing, so well diversified, as to produce a very engaging effect: and piano-forte performers will, we are confident, practise it with pleasure. A Duett for the Organ or Grand Pianoforte. Composed and inscribed to W. Hamjer, Esq. by W. Howgill, of White contrasted, and the general effect is honorable to Mr. Howgill's talents and science. 1. Encouragement;" a Military Air and Allemande for the Piano-forte, Composed an dedicated to Miss Russell, by J. Davies. 2. 6d. "L'Encouragement" is not devoid of fancy, but we cannot compliment the composer on his science or judgment. The passages are sometimes false in their construction, and 'frequently unconnected. These, how ever, are not defects of nature: Mr. Davies possesses imagination; and future studies inay effect much. "The Dying Swan" a Glee for Three Voices. Composed by M. P. King. – 2s. ôd, Talents and science are in this little production happily combined. The passages are fanciful, if not original; the combination, generally speaking, is remarkably good; and where imitation has been the composer's object, he has effected it successfully, and with much apparent ease. Viewed in the aggre gate, "the Dying Swan" merits our honorable report. "Morgiana in Ireland;" a favourite Dance, arranged as a Rondo for the Piano-forte, by M. Holst. 1s. 6d. 66 Morgiana in Ireland" is not ill adapted to the purpose to which it is here turned. It is lively in its cast, and the passages are pleasant and familiar. Mr. Holst, by converting it. into a piano-forte rondo, has made the most of it, and will, we doubt not, be, by its general sale, well repaid for his, ingenuity. "Tell me how to bid Adieu, Love; a Favourite Rondo, written by J.K. Anderson, Esq. composed by Sir John. Stevenson, Mus. Doc. 1s. 6l. Sir John Stevenson has in the present rondo exhibited much of his wellknown taste and powers in melodial expression. The ideas are not only elegant in themselves, but highly enbellished; and the piano-forte accompaniment is judiciously adjusted. "Alone for You;" a Ballad. The Words by Mr. J. Swart: the Music composed and dedicated to Miss Fenton, by J. Major. Is. 6d. This air, to which Mr. Major bas given a piano-forte accompaniment, is easy, agreeable, and connected in its passages; and in its general effect, ranks above the ordinary ballads of the day. "The Days that are gone;" à Ballud, composed by Dr. John Clarke, of Cambridge. Is. 6d. This ballad is natural and agreeable in its melody, and the piano-forte part, with which it is accompanied, is ingeniously arranged. Dr. Clarke has not failed to consult the sentiment of thẹ words, nor to exhibit his usual powers in inforcing its impression. REPORT OF DISEASES, Under the Care of the late Senior Physician of the Finsbury Dispensary, from the 20th of December, to the 20th of January, 1810. IF F the Reporter may be allowed to judge from his own professional experience, there has rarely occurred a more sickly period than the last month. Several cynanchial affections have fallen under his notice and care, attended with a very considerable degree of fever of the typhoid character. Typhus itse.f, unaccompanied with any particular local complaint, has likewise presented itself in its most distinctly marked and alarming form. The cases wonderfully coincided with the description of Dr. Hoxham. The symptoms, which, with more or less regularity, and in greater or less number, appear in the low typhoid 'fever, are traced with such fidelity and minuteness by that respectable practitioner, that it may not be uninteresting to extract part of the history which he gives of this disease. "The patient at first grows somewhat listless, and feels slight chills and shud'ders, with uncertain sudden flashes of heat, and a kind of weariness all over like what is felt after great fatigue. This is always attended with a sort of heavi ness and dejection of spirits, and more or less of a load, pain, or giddiness of the head; a nausea and disrelish of every thing soon follows, without any considerable, thirst, with frequent urging to vomit, though little but insipid phlegm is brought up. Though a kind of lucid interval for several hours sometimes supervenes, yet the symptoms return with ag gravations, especially towards night: the head grows more giddy, the heat greater, the puise quicker but weak, with an oppressive kind of breathing. A great torpor, or obtuse pain and coldness, affect the hinder parts of the head frequently; and and oftentimes a heavy pain is felt on the top all along the coronary of the suture, This, and that of the back part of the head, generally attend these kinds of fever, and are commonly succeeded by some degree of delirium. In this condition the patient often continues for five or six days, with a heavy pale sunk countenance, seemingly not very sick, yet far from being well; restless, anxious, and quite void of sleep, though sometimes very drowsy and heavy: but though he appears to those about him actually to sleep, he is utterly insensible of it, and denies that he does so. Frequently profuse sweats pour forth all at once about the ninth, tenth, or twelfth day; commonly coldish or clammy on the extremities. Now nature sinks apace: the extremities grow cold; the nails pale or livid; the pulse may be said to tremble and flutter rather than to beat, the vibrations being so weak and quick that they can scarce be distinguished; though sometimes they creep on surprisingly slow, and very frequently interimit. The sick become quite insensible and stupid, scarce affected with the foudest noise or strongest light, though at the beginning strangely susceptible of either. The deliriumi now ends in a profound coma, and that soon in an eternal sleep. The tears, and other excretions, run off invoJuntarily, and denounce a speedy dissoletion as the vast twitchings of the tendons and nerves, are preludes to a gene. ral convulsion which at once snaps off the thread of life."* Pleurisy has been more than usually frequent of late, attended with a conside. rable degree of fever. In several instances which have fallen under the more immediate observation of the writer of this article, the constitution was not in such a state as to admit of repeated venesection. A small quantity of blood taken away in the first instance, rendered any subsequent evacuation of that kind un necessary and unadviscable. This disease, more perhaps than any other when it occurs in the athletic and plethoric, justifies, and even imperiously demands, the employment of the lancet. Blisters in this affection are unequivocally Had it not been for the long extract in the text, the Reporter would have wished to have quoted from his friend, Dr. Uwins, of Aylesbury, who has recently published a small but highly-valuable Treatise on the subject of Fever, occasioned by a late epidemic disorder in that town and neighbourhood. and invariably allowable, and essentially conducive to the relief and eventual res moval of the local inflammation,. which, if it were allowed to proceed without restraint, would, in some instances, immediately menace the life of the patient, in others gradually degenerate into, a phthysical and irreparable disorganization. Pleurisy or pneumonia in the constitutionally predisposed, is one of the most ordinary préludes to, or exciting causes of, a true consumption, on which account there is no attack, however slight, of the former, which ought not to excite the vigilance of fear, before the Rubicon is past. In one case of pulmonary complaint alluded to, it seemed obviously to originate from the business of the patient, which was that of a furrier. The atmosphere of the apartment to which his lungs were habitually exposed, was charged with extraneous mechanical ingredients,, that could not fail to irritate and have a tendency, through the means of constant irritation, ultimately to ulcerate and destroy the structure of those delicate and susceptible organs. A case of a different kind, an hemiplegia, which was attended with fatuity and delirium, was likewise attributable, in a great measure at least, to the daily occupation of the subject of it, that of a herald painter. The effluvia of the paint in rooms artificially and intensely heated for the purpose of drying it, could not fail to have a deleterious effect upon the nervous system, which might gradually approximate towards, and at length assume the decided character of palsy. In this instance, however, there was at the same time a constitutional tendency to the disorder; both the father and the mother of the patient having previously fallen victims to a paralytic paroxysm. It is worthy of remark, that in cases of palsy, insanity, and other maladies; the circumstance of there being an inherited proclivity to them, affords a very unfavourable omen with regard to the proba bility of their cure. J. REID. Jan. 26, 1810. Errata in the last Report.-P. 627, column 2nd, line 5th from the top: for "mislead" read "mislaid." Line 6th from the bottom t for "Fever" read "fear."--P. 628, line 1st: for "computated" read "amputated."--For the quotation from Dr. Johnson at the conclusion of the Report, read: "Of the uncertainties of our present state, the most dreadful and alarming is the uncertain continuance of reason.” STATE |