practice founded on the most received indications. The obfervations before us, which polthumous friendship has brought from the writer's defk to the prefs, will probably be thought to add little to the stock of knowlege already poffeffed on the fubject, though they are manifeftly the product of an exact and judicious inquirer. He goes over the ufual ground of hæmoptyfis and its confequences; of the incipient, the confirmed, and the final ftages of confumption; of the hectic fever, and the diftinction between pus from fuppuration and from inflammatory exudation. Of confumption, he establishes two fpecies; the inflammatory and the ulcerous. The firft he fuppofes to be connected with a preternatural irritability of the arterial fyftem; for the removal of which he depends chiefly on antifpafmodies and fedatives, the principal of which he reckons blifters, the Peruvian bark, and mineral acids. The inflammation itself of the lungs is to be treated by bleeding and the antiphlogistics, with a strict regimen. The ulcerous confumption Dr. White confiders as of a putrefcent nature; and he deems the medicines indicated to be thofe which are capable of fupporting the tone of the fibres, with as little irritation as poffible. The bark, mineral acids, and the action of cold, are most efficacious for this purpose. He seems also to expect much from impregnating the fyftem with fixed air in various ways, and from applying it locally to the ulcers of the lungs by means of respiration. Remarks on diet, air, exercise, &c. clofe the work: but we do not think that any of them are fufficiently new and striking to be laid before our Medical readers.

The profits of this publication being benevolently defigned for the York Lunatic Asylum, an account of that very useful charity is fubjoined.

Art. 35. A Syftem of Midwifery: tranflated from the French of Baudelocque. By John Heath, Surgeon in the Royal Navy, and Member of the Corporation of Surgeons of London. 8vo. 3 vols. 11. 1s. Boards. Murray.

As we by no means hold it for an axiom that every part of medical practice has arrived at greater perfection in this ifland than elfewhere, we cannot but with well to every attempt at naturalizing respectable foreign publications in the different branches of the healing art. The fubject of the work before us has, indeed, been treated by many of our countrymen with great ability; and perhaps, with refpect to medical management, and to the regulation of the efforts of nature, little of importance can be added to what they have offered. The chief claims of the prefent performance are, a more accurate and minute account of the mechanifm of labour, and of the various obftacles with which it meets, and more exact directions for affifting by the hand and by inftruments, thau are found in moft fyftematic works on this art. The writer's favourite inftrument is the forceps, made with long handles and broad blades, after the French mode. He offers various objections to the use of the lever; and entirely difapproves the fection of the fymphyfis. The work is intended as a complete fyftem of the art, with all its acceffory branches; fuch as theory of conception, the management of the woman and child, &c. It is illuftrated by plates, chiefly reprefenting the bones of the pelvis, and the mode of applying the forceps in different fituations of the head.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Art. 36. Ambulator: or a Pocket Companion in a Tour round London, within the Circuit of Twenty-five Miles: defcribing whatever is most remarkable for Antiquity, Grandeur, Elegance, or Rural Beauty including new Catalogues of Pictures, and illuftrated by Historical and Biographical Obfervations: to which are prefixed a concife Defcription of the Metropolis, and a Map of the Country defcribed. The Sixth Edition corrected and improved. 12mo. pp. 308. 35. 6d. Boards. Bew. 1793.

From the fluctuating nature of the fubjects of this work, every new impreffion ought to undergo confiderable alterations and improvement. This appears to have been the cafe with the prefent fixth edition, in a degree which entitles it to particular notice; and, though reviewers, in these busy times, have little leifure for perambulation, we make no queftion that Mr. Bew's publication, in its prefent improved state, will be found a very useful and amufing companion to thofe who pay an occafional vifit to the metropolis, and to its inbabitants in their country excurfions. The articles, which are very nu. merous, are difpofed in alphabetical order; in the manner of Mr. Dodfley's larger work, entitled London and its Environs.'

Art. 37. Letters and Effays, Moral and Mifcellaneous. By Mary Hays. 8vo. pp. 260. 55. Boards. Knott. 1793.

Every amateur is not an artist. The fair writer of these letters ap pears to be a great admirer of metaphyfical and theological queftions; and has certainly the merit of having exercised her intellectual faculties with freedom, on important fubjects not commonly studied by women :-but, in thofe parts of this volume which touch on thefe fubjects, particularly materialifm and neceflity, the obfervations are flight and general; fuch as will fcacely afford the inquirer after truth much information or fatisfaction. They are, in fhort, nothing more than a faint echo from the Priestleyan fchool, in which Mifs Hays appears to be a devoted difciple.-She is more fuccessful in the field of polite literature. Several domeftic tales are related, in the course of these letters, which will be read by young perfons with pleafure, and which are adapted to awaken in juvenile minds a defire of mental improvement, to imprefs them with a fenfe of the value of religious principles, and at the fame time to encourage in them the chaflized and regulated exercife of the fancy and affections.

As a fubaltern to Mifs Wolftonecraft, the fair writer afferts the independance and dignity of her fex, in the following fpirited apoltrophe:

Lovers of truth! be not partial in your refearches. Men of fenfe and science! remember, by degrading our understandings, you incapacitate us for knowing your value, and make coxcombs take place of you in our esteem. The ignorant and the vulgar prove their cunning by levelling principles; but you! how impolitic to throw a veil over our eyes, that we may not diftinguish the radiance that furrounds you!

Objections are alfo made against the vindication of our rights, under the pretence, that by enlarging and ennobling our minds, we fhall be undomefticated, and unfitted, (I fuppofe is meant) for mere household drudges. With the excellent Dr. Prieftley, I repeat" this

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is a fordid and debafing prejudice," of the fallacy of which I have been convinced both from experience and obfervation. Numberless women have I known whose studies (incapable of the'" epicurism of reafon and religion") have been confined to Mrs. Glaffe's Art of Cookery, and whofe whole time has been spent in the kitchen. altercating with and changing of fervants, provoking them to dishonesty by mean cautions, and narrow diftruft; and immerfed in unneceffary and dirty drudgery, have ruined their health, fpoiit their tempers, ne glected their perfons, laid waste their minds, and facrificed their friends; and after all these expensive forfeitures, have never attained the end; but have (to ufe a feminine phrafe) muddled away their time and money in the diforderly management of hands without a head; been cheated by their dependents, becaufe, neither feeling refpect or attachment, they have gloried in outwitting them; and their acquaintance, turning with difgult from their expenfive and laboured treats, have fighed for the plain difh, the cordial and hofpitable manners," the feaft of reafon and the flow of fouls." Contralt with this the following picture from Fitzofborne's charming Letters, "Her refined fenfe, and extensive knowledge have not raifed her above the neceffary acquifitions of female science; they have only taught her to fill that part of her character with higher grace and dignity. She enters into all the domeftic duties of her ftation with the most confummate fkill and pru dence; her economical deportment is calm and fteady; aud fhe prefides over her family like the intelligence of fome planetary orb, conducting it in all its proper directions without violence, or disturbed effort."

But the vindicator of female rights is thought by fome fagacious married men, to be incompetent to form any juft opinion of the cares and duties of a conjugal state, from never having entered the matrimonial lifts, becaufe perhaps he has not met with the man who knows how properly to value her, or having met, may, alas! have loft. Wonderful free-masonry this! and ridiculous as wonder. ful. To be fure those who are eagerly engaged in play, with all their felf-intereft up in arms, are much better judges of the game than the cool impartial looker on; and a Weft-India Planter muft understand the justice of the Slave-Trade far better than an English Houfe of Commons, to fay nothing of the very fuperior and extraordinary political-wifdom neceffarily belonging to the office of Prime Minifter, of which the profane vulgar can form no idea! What nonsense this! Does it need a ferious refutation? From fuch notions (moft devoutly I repeat a part of the liturgy) good Lord deliver us.'

Four small poetical pieces clofe the volume, which appear to have been the first trembling excurfions of an unfledged mufe: they are written with ease and feeling, but they do not afford us great encouragement to expect, in future, any very elevated flights into the region of fancy.

FAST-DAY SERMONS and TRACTS, Feb. 28. Art. 38. Reafons for National Penitence, recommended for the Faft ap pointed Feb. 28, 1794. 8vo. IS. Robinfons.

Thefe REASONS are the fruit of an enlightened and elegant mind, and are expreffed with great force and beauty of language. Among other remarks on the appointment of the faft, and the end of this inftitution, the writer obferves that, if we imagine that we ought to enter REV. APRIL, 179+

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our churches, to pour out our fpleen and express our malice to our enemies, and to mingle execrations against them with our prayers for ourfelves, we have grofsly misunderstood its purpose and its principles.'

When we approach the altar of peace with our arms ftreaming with blood, and our hearts fwelling with meditations of ftill more complete and bloody vengeance, we are only difplaying to the world a difgufting alliance of the fierceft barbarity with the most abje& superftition."

In the prefent war he confiders us as contending against Nature herfelf; and hence his opinion of our political fituation is replete with the moft gloomy forebodings:-As a reply to which, we would repeat the words of the late Bishop of St. Alaph, in his intended speech at the commencement of the American war: "We are inclined to believe and hope the beft of English liberty; fhe may have a fickly countenance, but, we truft, a firm conftitution."

Writers on both fides have fliewn no moderation in their fears. This party believes the conftitution to be in the extremeft danger from French principles and French menaces; and that, from fome Leverities practiced at home, not altogether compatible perhaps with the fpirit of a free government.

Our comfort is that the predictions of political feers obtain, at most, but a partial fulfillment.

Art. 39. Preached before the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in the Abbey Church of St. Peter, Westminster. By Charles Lord Bishop of Norwich. 4to. IS. Faulder.

This difcourfe represents the defence of our religion to be the principal object of the war; and, left the means fhould be thought ill adapted to the end, it inftructs us that, in former times, the worthip of the one true God has depended on the iffue of a battle. What has been may be again. Hence our hope of fuccefs in the present bloody conteft with France; which the R. R. Preacher endeavours to juftify on the ground that the political and mythological fyftem of the French are connected together. We fhall not controvert pofitions thus promulgated from authority; yet we must freely acknowlege that to "Rend with tremendous founds our ears afunder,

With gun, drum, trumpet, blunderbufs, and thunder," appears to us a ftrange way of elucidating truth, and of promoting the pure faith of the gospel. Mohammed has often been condemned by Chriftian divines for propagating his religion by the sword: but, according to the fashionable doctrines of the prefent day, could he have been much to blame?

Art. 40. Preached before the Hon. Houfe of Commons, at the Church of St. Margaret, Weflminfter. By Henry Bathurst, LL.D. 4to. IS. Payne.

After having proved, from reafon and revelation, that national profperity, rightly understood, is the effect of a juft fenfe of religion among thofe who compofe the ftate, Dr. B. applies that argument to the purpose of the fait and to the times. He obferves a visible decay of piety, and confequently expreffes his fear that " God will not go forth with our armies:”—to banish this fear, however, he reminds us that the means of inclining the Divine Being to favour our cause are within our power, and that these means are repentance and virtue. Inftead,

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Inftead, therefore, of thinking to reform the church and the ftate, he exhorts every man to reform himself.

Art. 41. Preached at the Chapel in Prince's-ftreet, Westminster. By Andrew Kippis, D.D. F. R. S. and S. A. 4to. 15. Robinsons. This difcourfe may clafs with faft fermons of the beft tendency. It does not attempt (as is too often the cafe in difcourfes of this kind,) to render the duty of loving our enemies more difficult of practice than it generally is, by exaggerated statements and by vehement invectives; nor, under an idea of displaying a zeal for the Christian religion, to excite fentiments and paffions the most unchriftian: but, amid the horrid projects and details of war, it prefents fuch topics of contemplation as will ferve to tranquillize the mind, and to pierce with the rays of divine hope the dark cloud which at present hangs, with a very threatening afpect, over our political horizon.

From Pfalm lxviii. 10. Dr. Kippis fhews in what refpects the wrath of man, or thofe events which proceed from the evil affections and mafignant paffions of mankind, and more efpecially wars, are overruled to the praise of God, viz. by inflicting chaftifement on finful nations ;-by checking the vices and calling forth the virtues of public focieties;-by fubferving the purposes of the Divine Providence and Goodnefs;-and by their terminating in effects diametrically oppofite to what was intended by them, in effects peculiarly favourable to the interefts of religion, virtue, and juftice. Thefe pofitions are illustrated from the hiftory of paft times; while the Doctor leaves the reader to make their application to the prefent.

Art. 42. Preached in the Church of the united Parishes of St. Vedaft Fofter, and St. Michael-le-Quern, London. By Francis Wollaston, Rector. 8vo. Is. Wilkie.

With much serious and practical matter, the politics of the day are blended in this difcourfe from Luke, xxi. 36. Mr. W. reprobates the conduct of the French, and thinks it impoffible for us at present to fheathe the fword. In accounting for the infidelity of the French, he takes occafion to ftate our advantages for religious knowlege, and to congratulate his country on fymptoms of returning faith. We are rejoiced to hear the unpleafant tales of the growth of infidelity among us contradicted by fo refpectable a preacher.-For this we will not faft, nor put on fackcloth and afhes.

Art. 43. Preached at the Tower of London. By the Rev. John Grofe, A. M. F.A. S. 8vo. 6d. Rivingtons.

Mr. Grofe exposes our profaneness and immorality as caufes for national humiliation; and, without entering into the field of politics, he laudably inculcates the neceffity of a general amendment of life.

SERMONS on Jan. 30.

Art. 44. Preached before the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in the Abbey Church of St. Peter, Weftminster, Jan. 30, 1794, being the Anniversary of the Martyrdom of King Charles the Firit. By Edward, Lord Bishop of Carlisle. 4to. 15. Faulder.

There is little either in the doctrine or the language of this fermon to entitle it to critical notice. It is a plain and temperate addrefs,

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