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TOPOGRAPHY.

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3 c

EUROPE.

FRANCE.

THE French Legislative Assembly was opened by a speech from the King on the 5th November. His Majesty, alluding to the demands of compensation, lately urged against France by the commissioners of the allied powers, states, that he has commenced a negociation with the view of obtaining more moderate and equitable conditions; as, in the present state of France, it is quite impossible to comply with the demands which have been made upon her. The King seems to look forward to the period as not far distant, when foreign troops will be no longer required for maintaining the tranquillity of the country, and the stability of the throne.

Jews. In a tract lately published at Paris, by M. Bail, the following is given as a fair calculation of the number of Jews in the different quarters of the globe: In all parts of Poland, before the partition of 1772 In Russia, including Moldavia and Wallachia

In all the States in which the
German language is spoken

In Holland and the Nether-
lands

In Sweden and Denmark

In France

In England (of which London contains 12,000)

In the States in which Italian is spoken

In Spain and Portugal
In the United States

In the Mahometan States of
Asia, Europe, and Africa
In Persia, and the rest of Asia,
including China and India

Total

SPAIN AND PORTUGAL.

1,000,000

200,000

500,000

80,000 5,000

in Europe, for the Portuguese invasion of Monte Video. The great powers of the Continent, however, would not suffer the peace of Europe to be disturbed; and of fered their mediation in such terms that it could not be refused; and conferences are appointed to be held at Paris, for the purpose of bringing about a mutual accommodation.

The Court of Madrid, to facilitate its projects against the revolted colonies, has purchased six sail of the line from Russia, which have already passed the Belt on their way to Cadiz, where they will be manned with Spanish crews, and employed in the transport of troops to America.

General Gomez Friere, and his companions, twelve in number, convicted of a design to overturn the Portuguese Government in May last, underwent their sentence of death on the 18th October at Lisbon, and their bodies, after hanging, were burned to ashes. Baron Eben had his sen tence of death changed to perpetual banishment, on the intercession, it is said, of an illustrious person in England.

GERMANY.

A misunderstanding lately prevailed between the Courts of Portugal and Spain, which the interference of the greater powers has prevented from breaking out into open war. On the Spanish frontiers the movements of troops seemed to threaten an immediate invasion of Portugal; and rumour asserted, that the Court of Madrid had determined to make reprisals

ASIA.

EAST INDIES.

About the end of last month, the arrival of intelligence from India, stating that war had broken out in the dominions of the Peshwa, caused a considerable sensation, and fears were entertained of a general and protracted contest with the whole of the Mahratta powers. The frequent incursions of the Pindarees had given rise

to a suspicion that they were set on by these powers, who but waited a favourable opportunity to shew their hostility to the British authority. The Resident at Poonah, therefore, (the Hon. Mr Elphinstone,) as soon as the war did break out, seized the person of the Peshwa, and committed him to safe custody; and it appears, from subsequent arrivals, that, in consequence of this prompt measure of the Resident, and the imposing state of our whole military force in India, under the Marquis of Hastings, all apprehensions of an immediate war had completely vanished. These accounts are to the date of the 11th June. The Peshwa had delivered up three of his chief forts, as securities for his peaceable conduct; and a reward had been offered for Trimbukjee, the leader of the Mahrattas, in his dominions. Scindia and Holkar, so far from taking part in the war, have given the Marquis of Hastings assurances of support in crushing the Pindarees. Money could be obtained in India at six per cent., and the bills of the Company were at a premium.

CHINA.

There is an article in the Dutch papers, dated from Petersburgh, which states, that the Emperor of China has expressed a wish to have ambassadors at his Court from foreign powers, on the same footing as the powers of Europe. This would rather be a novelty in the policy of China; and it is scarcely to be believed that a determination of this nature on the part of the sovereign, which implies a revolution in all the favourite notions of this singular people, could have been adopted so suddenly and unexpectedly; at any rate, the punctilios necessary to be observed by the European powers would be a bar to any close inter

course.

AFRICA.

REVOLUTION AT ALGIERS.

By a sudden explosion of military violence, the Dey of Algiers, on the 3d October last, lost both his authority and his life. From the details which have been published of this event, it appears, that for more than a month before, symptoms of discontent and insubordination had been observed to prevail among the troops, of which due warning was given to Omar Pacha, the Dey; but he refused to listen to such ungrateful intelligence. Early on the morning of the 3d, however, he was roused from his security by a tumultuous assemblage of about 600 Turkish soldiers, who proceeded to the palace where the Dey was sitting in council with his ministers, and overpowering the palace guard, some of the most furious rushed into the council

room. The Dey endeavoured, but in vain, to appease their fury. He then drew his sword to defend himself, but being overpowered by numbers, he was dragged out into the court-yard and strangled. In the mean time, another body of soldiers had been detached to the city, where they proclaimed Ali Hodja as new Dey, and returned with him in triumph to the palace of the Regency, which he entered a few minutes after the murder of the unfortunate Omar Pacha.

The unpopularity of Omar Pacha, it would appear, arose from his strict adherence to the treaty made with Lord Exmouth; and his successor will no doubt find it a difficult matter, both to preserve the favour of the barbarians, and to prevent the infraction of that treaty, which stipulated for the abolition of Christian slavery. But the present Dey, according to some accounts, will soon have a new and formidable enemy to contend against. It is said that Mahomet Ali, the Viceroy of Egypt, whose military talents are considerable, has formed the design of erecting his province into a State inde pendent of Turkey; and likewise to root out the present governments of Tunis, Algiers, and Tripoli, and concentrate the whole under his own authority. It is added, that he is seeking the countenance of the Courts of Britain, Russia, and Sweden, in this enterprise.

The plague, which had raged with such virulence at Algiers, that it numbered from 150 to 200 victims per day, had not, by the last accounts, extended to Morocco, a visitation which it probably escaped only by the intervention of the great desert that separates the two countries, and which, in a great measure, cuts off their communication with each other.

THE ASHANTEES.

EGYPT.

A letter from Cairo, dated February 1, 1816, gives the following particulars concerning this country:

No people under the sun possess such a capacity for learning foreign languages, and speaking them fluently, as the Egyptians. The Italian is generally spoken by them, and also the French, since the visit of Bonaparte. When foreign vessels are descried from Rosetta or Alexandria, na

tive interpreters and dealers immediately go off to them to make contracts for provisions, &c. A Swedish ship, the first that has been seen at Alexandria for sixteen years, lately arrived at that port. An old Egyptian, with hoary beard, went on board and offered his services in such pure Swedish, that the captain took him for a Swede in disguise.

Since the invasion of the French, several commercial houses from Europe, and, some years since, the great house of Fegtig from Austria, have established themselves at Cairo, where they are doing business. Since the Pacha of Cairo, together with the Arab chiefs, who exercise sovereign sway in their respective districts, has pretty well restored the public tranquillity, and the Egyptians are now not much oppressed with taxes, which so easily excite these people to insurrection, trade and commerce are tolerably brisk.

The notion current in Europe, that there are numerous studs of horses in the

deserts of Arabia, is erroneous. A breeder seldom possesses more than 30, or at most 40 head, which he values very highly, and of which he keeps an exact pedigree. The late wars and disturbances have exceeding ly raised the prices of these animals; so that entire horses of the best breeds now cost on the spot from 8000 to 10,000 piastres each. Count Huniady, of Hungary, has lately obtained two of these rare creatures, purchased near Aleppo, through the agency of the house of Fegtig, which is at this moment preparing to ship off eleven more, chiefly mares, for Trieste.

tish West India Islands, or any other of her colonies, cargoes consisting of articles the growth, production, or manufacture of said colonies. Vessels arrived in any British colony can take a cargo from another British colony, and bring into the United States. Great Britain and Sweden are the

only nations which have a similar regu lation to that contained in the navigation act of the United States, and of course they are the only nations which are affected by it."

A very late Philadelphia paper contains the following account of emigrants arriv

ed in that port, from the 31st of August 1816, to the 31st of August 1817:From England, Ireland, and Scotland Holland France

Hamburgh and Bremen

Total

2018

2190

128

60

4396

Letters received from Charleston, dated the 16th September, bring the distressing intelligence that the fever, for some time prevalent there, instead of abating, had increased, and that the deaths averaged about a hundred weekly.

The Indians have agreed to cede to the United States, for the use of Georgia, the tract of land lying between Oakmugee River, and the line run under General Jackson's treaty.

The American ship Galen, Captain Tracey, lately made her passage from Boston to the Land's End in fourteen days, and to the London Docks in twenty-three days; and a Liverpool vessel lately went a voyage to Savannah in America, took in a cargo, and returned to Liverpool in sixty-nine days.

BRITISH AMERICA.

Church at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.The corner-stone of a church, to be erected by subscription, by the inhabitants of Dartmouth and Halifax, aided by a donation from Sir John C. Sherbrooke, was lately laid by his Excellency the Earl of Dalhousie, who has also been a liberal subscriber to the undertaking, in the presence and under the auspices of the Right Reverend the Lord Bishop of Nova Scotia, Rear Admiral Sir David Milne, K. C. R. the Hon. Commissioner Wodehouse, the Rev. Dr Inglis, and many other respectsble parishioners.

PORTUGUESE AMERICA.

By accounts from the Brazils to the middle of August, we learn that the Brazilian Government had sent off orders for the evacuation of Monte Video by the Portuguese troops. By a decree of the 25th of June, the following official appointments

at the Court of Rio Janeiro had been notified:

President of the Royal Treasury, Joao Paulo Bezerra.

Minister and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and War, the Count de Palmella.

Minister and Secretary of State for the Marine and Transmarine dominion, the Count dos Arcos.

of Morillo was, however, materially influenced by a diversion on the main land, by Marino, the patriot leader in Venezuela. When the Spaniards landed in Margaretta, Morillo put to the sword all that fell into his hands; neither age nor sex were spared; and the inhabitants, who could anticipate nothing from his success but a general extermination, resisted all his efforts, with a bravery bordering on desperation, and succeeded in expelling him from their territory on the 17th August. Four of his ships were afterwards taken by the patriot Admiral Brion. When Morillo fled from Mar

SPANISH AMERICA.

Throughout the vast colonies of Spain in North and South America, the civil war continues to rage with murderous activity; and till it be determined whether these provinces are to be independent, or to sink again under the hated yoke of the mother country, they must continue to be the scene of desolation and misery. At present af fairs seem to promise well for the independence of the South Americans. The inhabitants of Margaretta, by their determined resistance, compelled the royalist General Morillo to evacuate the island, which he had invaded with an army of 3000 men, and a large fleet. The retreat

the Creoles who were with him, even those whom he had compelled to fight in his ranks. The independent troops, of course, retaliate these bloody proceedings, and hence the passions of both parties are wound up to the highest pitch of hatred and revenge.

General Macgregor has left the command at Amelia Island; but there seems to be no intention, on the part of the Independents, of relinquishing this station; as he has been succeeded by a Colonel Irvine, who repulsed two attacks made by the Spaniards on the 12th and 13th September, and on the 21st hoisted the Mexican flag, and proclaimed the independence of the island.

OCTOBER.

13.-Large Snake. There has been, for some time past, a snake of enormous magnitude secreted in a pond at a short distance from the Priory, a house occupied by Mr Thomson, at Frognell, between Hampstead and West End. The servants of Mr Thomson have frequently seen it, and describe it to be of the thickness of a man's arm, and of a proportionate length. Attempts have been made to shoot it, but in vain. Its motions are uncommonly rapid, and on the least alarm it dives to the bottom of the pond. It seems perfectly harmless in its nature, and hitherto has done no mischief. Frogs and toads, it is supposed, form the principal source of its

sustenance.

15.-Ireland-Daring Robbery.-On Sunday evening, the Rev. Archdeacon Collis, with his son, Captain Collis, were sitting in a parlour of their house, in the vicinity of Cork, when a man entered, whose appearance justified the well-founded sus picion of those gentlemen that their visitor ame with no good object in view. Cap

tain Collis immediately seized the poker, and a struggle ensued between him and the robber, which was interrupted by the entrance of four or five others, who said it was useless to resist them, which was evident from their number and appearance. They had succeeded beforehand in securing the servants outside. The depredators then surveyed the room, in which was some plate and other articles; but these they did not touch, saying, they would be content with some money, and whatever arms were in the house; and with these demands the Archdeacon and his son, situated as we have described, were obliged to comply. One of the robbers has since been apprehended.

New Viceroy.The Earl and Countess of Talbot arrived under a suitable escort at Dublin, on Thursday the 9th inst. and the Privy Council being in attendance, his Lordship was immediately sworn into office, and afterwards proceeded to the Viceregal Lodge, Phoenix Park, where a grand dinner was given by Lord Whitworth. On Friday the Duchess of Dorset and Earl