public instruction was the main factor in preparing our people for that quick and right understanding of the real meaning of this world-conflict, and in making possible that hearty concord of thought and action which placed the material and human resources of the Republic on the side of righteousness, humanity, and civilization. With peculiar satisfaction the Association points to the fact that 750,000 teachers and twenty-two million pupils have supported loyally every plan and purpose of President Wilson and Congress in their masterful leadership in honorable warfare for a just cause and a decisive victory.

WAR CRISIS SHOWS NEED FOR READJUSTMENT

While this Association believes that the war crisis has disclosed to the nation, as no other event has, the strength and worth of the American school system, it does not fail to recognize that the emergencies and demands of war have laid bare certain weaknesses and shortcomings in the scope and character of public education that now call for readjustment and reorganization.

ASSOCIATION COMMENDS COMMISSION

The Association commends its Commission on the National Emergency in Education for the broad and comprehensive study of these needed readjustments.

AMERICANIZING THE ADULT POPULATION

The high percentage of adult illiteracy and the lack of understanding of the real meaning of our nation and the principles of its government constitute a menace to national unity and national safety. Therefore this Association recommends that the government shall share with the states the responsibility of providing the funds, the organization, the administration, and the supervision necessary for Americanizing and making literate the adult population of the entire country.

A NATIONAL POLICY OF ENCOURAGEMENT

The most alarming shortcoming in our system disclosed by the war is the unequal educational opportunities offered by the different states to the children of school age within those states. As long as a single state in the Union fails to provide its youth with the means of attaining certain minimum, nation-wide standards of health, intelligence, citizenship, and character, our national life and unity are endangered. This Association therefore urges that the government shall immediately adopt the policy of encouraging all the states to establish uniform minimum standards of health service, training for citizenship, and preparation and compensation of teachers, thru financial aid distributed to the states enforcing these standards, the amount to which any state is entitled to be determined on a simple basis. Nothing in this national policy of encouragement to the several states shall be permitted in any way to weaken the local responsibility or initiative or to subtract from the power of the state to organize, administer, and supervise the schools of that state.

ASSOCIATION AUTHORIZES FIELD SECRETARY

The Association commands the thorogoing study made by the Committee on Salaries, Tenure, and Pensions, and recommends its report for the careful consideration and use of teachers, school boards, taxpayers, and lawmakers. In order to collect full information concerning the present state of public education, to enlighten public opinion, and to aid in securing appropriate local, state, and national school support, the Association authorizes the Executive Committee to secure the full time, for a term of not less than three years, of an educator of recognized ability and experience, and to provide for the organization, correspondence, travel, publication, and other expenses of his office a total sum, including salaries, of at least ten thousand dollars a year.

INSURE TEACHERS LIVING AND SAVING WAGE

To the end that schools may be kept open and that the children of the Republic may have competent teachers, we declare it to be the patriotic duty of taxpayers and lawmakers to provide sufficient revenues to insure a living and a saving wage to the teachers of the country.

FEDERAL CHILD LABOR LAW

The Association urges the immediate enactment by Congress of a Federal Child Labor Law which will not only meet the objection found by the Supreme Court in the one declared unconstitutional, but will extend protection to a greater number of the children of the United States.

SOCIALIZED SCHOOLS FOR EFFICIENT DEMOCRACY

The schools of a modern, efficient democracy must necessarily be socialized schools. They must train for the whole life of all the people. To achieve this result the Association recommends that larger opportunities be provided for activity which will develop the initiative and resourcefulness of children, thus fitting them to meet the demands of our democracy.

COLLEGE MILITARY UNITS APPROVED

This Association approves heartily the action of President Wilson and the Secretary of War in offering a plan whereby young men above eighteen years of age may enlist in the Army and continue their college courses in such institutions as have at least one hundred students ready and eligible to form a military unit.

WOMEN TO TRAIN GIRLS FOR CIVIC AND SOCIAL LIFE

The present emergency demands the careful consideration of the problem of training the girls of America for efficient and intelligent participation in the civic and social life of our local communities, of the state, and of the nation. The Association urges, therefore, that in city, county, and state school systems women with skill in leadership be placed in charge of that part of our school work which has the direct responsibility of training the women of tomorrow to assume the new obligations of civic and social life.

TRAINING FOR CITIZENSHIP DEMANDED

The Association demands the teaching of patriotism by every teacher from the kindergarten to the university, and the employment of only those teachers who are loyal to our national ideals. It urges that all teachers, as soldiers of the common good, take the oath of allegiance. The Association further demands that all instruction in the schools of the nation be conducted in the English language.

COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC INFORMATION

The Association commends the action of President Wilson in making the publicity of the best work of our public schools a part of the work of the Committee on Public Information, and expresses its appreciation of the President's support of the movement to mobilize the boys and girls of America for food production.

COMMENDS JUNIOR RED CROSS

The Association particularly commends the patriotic service of the Junior Red Cross with the understanding that it conform to the standards, motives, and aims of the American Red Cross.

EDUCATION OF ENLISTED MEN

The Association favors the making of liberal provisions by both state and nation for the giving of special assistance, opportunity, and encouragement to the men in the service of the country to obtain the advantages of education that were omitted by the necessity of the great crisis.

STATES URGED TO ADOPT PROHIBITION AMENDMENT

The Association urges the adoption by the states of the amendment for the prohibition of the sale and manufacture of intoxicating beverages.

SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT APPROVED

The Association favors the granting of the ballot to the womanhood of America and urges the Senate of the United States to pass at the present session the separate suffrage amendment to our federal Constitution.

FAVORS ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

The Association favors the establishment of a national university, the creation of a national department of education under the direction of a secretary of education, and the protection of teachers in all departments of education from unwarranted dismissal by employing bodies.

FOOD ADMINISTRATION TO PREPARE CONSERVATION PROGRAM

The Association recommends that the United States Food Administration prepare in a form suitable for use in elementary schools, and particularly in the upper grades, lessons and materials supplementary to existing courses, which will promote the program of food conservation. It is further recommended that the food administration call to its assistance representative school authorities familiar with the capacities of children of the different grades, to constitute an advisory council for the Food Administration in the preparation of material designed for school use.

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL TRAINING

Realizing that good health and a good physique constitute the foundation for all lifework, physical, mental, and spiritual, the Association urges that boards of education make health and physical training a major subject, with equal rating with all other school subjects, and that adequate facilities, including teachers, play field, and apparatus, be provided; and further, that care be exercised to secure those teachers best adapted to the training of boys and girls.

The Association instructs the Commission on the Emergency in Education and such other committees as may have under consideration the problems of health and physical education to inquire concerning the work that is now being done and the methods which may have proved most acceptable in the field of sex education.

DUAL SYSTEM OF SCHOOLS CONDEMNED

The Association favors amending the Smith-Hughes Act to prevent the possibility of establishing a dual system of schools in any state.

CONSCRIPTION FOR SELECTIVE SERVICE

In the emergency that now exists, the Association urges that all the manhood and womanhood of the United States be conscripted for selective service.

NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION OFFICERS COMMENDED

The members of the Association commend the present administration of the National Education Association for the excellent program presented and for the constructive character of the work which the Association is doing.

PATRIOTIC SPIRIT OF CONGRESS

The Association wishes to express its appreciation of the national Congress for the patriotic spirit shown in the hour of crisis in its subordination of partisanship to statesmanship in national legislation.

ENTIRE CONFIDENCE IN PRESIDENT

Realizing the tremendous task suddenly imposed upon our government in changing from the pursuits of peace to those of war, and appreciating the marvelous achievements in creating an army, in mobilizing all the economic forces of the nation, and especially in transporting an immense army across an ocean beset by unusual dangers, while supplying our Allies with food and war material, the Association expresses its confidence in the national administration, and especially its confidence in the ability, clearness of vision, and leadership of the Commander-in-Chief of our Army and Navy, President Woodrow Wilson.

GENERAL COMMITTEES

COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS

JOHN F. KEATING, superintendent of city schools, Pueblo, Colo., chairman.
FRANCIS G. BLAIR, state superintendent of public instruction, Springfield, Ill.

DAVID B. JOHNSON, president, Winthrop Normal and Industrial Institute, Rock Hill, S.C.
MARION LEROY BURTON, president, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.
CHARLES R. FRAZIER, superintendent of city schools, Everett, Wash.

H. H. SEERLEY, president, State Normal College, Cedar Falls, Iowa.
ROBERT E. VINSON, president, University of Texas, Austin, Tex.

KATHERINE SISSON MCLEAN, dean of women, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio.
ADA VAN STONE HARRIS, director of elementary-practice teachers, Pittsburgh, Pa.
ALICE FLORER, assistant state superintendent of public instruction, Lincoln, Nebr.

COMMITTEE ON THE REORGANIZATION OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

ELLA FLAGG YOUNG, Washington, D.C., chairman.

CARROLL G. PEARSE, Milwaukee, Wis.

ANNA LAURA FORCE, Denver, Colo.

ABBY E. LANE, Chicago, Ill.

MARGARET S. MCNAUGHT, Sacramento, Calif.

PAYSON SMITH, Boston, Mass.

J. M. GWINN, New Orleans, La.

FRANCES E. HARDING, Chicago, Ill.

ELIZABETH C. WOODWARD, Brooklyn, N.Y.
SARAH H. FAHEY, New York, N.Y.

GEORGIA C. ALEXANDER, Indianapolis, Ind.
OLIVE M. JONES, New York, N.Y.

COMMITTEE ON NECROLOGY

C. W. BARDEEN, Syracuse, N.Y., chairman.
SAMUEL J. SLAWSON, Bridgeport, Conn.
JOHN H. PHILLIPS, Birmingham, Ala.
THOMAS B. STOWELL, Los Angeles, Calif.

MARGARET W. SUTHERLAND, Columbus, Ohio

AUDITING COMMITTEE

A. E. WINSHIP, Boston, Mass., chairman.

W. S. DEFFENBAUGH, Washington, D.C.

R. M. SHERRARD, Pittsburgh, Pa..

COMMITTEE TO NOMINATE MEMBERS FOR THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF EDUCATION

COMMISSION ON THE EMERGENCY IN EDUCATION AND THE PROGRAM FOR READJUSTMENT DURING AND AFTER THE WAR

GEORGE D. STRAYER, New York, N.Y., chairman.

LOTUS D. COFFMAN, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., secretary.
ROBERT J. ALEY, Orono, Me.

SARAH LOUISE ARNOLD, Boston, Mass.

W. C. BAGLEY, New York, N.Y.

F. D. BOYNTON, Ithaca, N.Y.

MARY C. C. BRADFORD, Denver, Colo.
J. A. C. CHANDLER, Richmond, Va.
L. D. COFFMAN, Minneapolis, Minn.
GEORGE B. COOK, Little Rock, Ark.

ELWOOD P. CUBBERLEY, Leland Stanford Junior University, Calif.

AGNES E. DOHERTY, St. Paul, Minn.

SUSAN M. DORSEY, Los Angeles, Calif.

DAVID FELMLEY, Normal, Ill.

THOMAS E. FINNEGAN, Albany, N.Y.
J. M. GWINN, New Orleans, La.

ADA VAN STONE HARRIS, Pittsburgh, Pa.
E. C. HARTWELL, Buffalo, N.Y.

HENRY W. HOLMES, Cambridge, Mass.
W. A. JESSUP, Iowa City, Iowa.
JAMES Y. JOYNER, Raleigh, N.C.
A. J. MATHEWs, Tempe, Ariz.
WM. B. OWEN, Chicago, Ill.

CARROLL G. PEARSE, Milwaukee, Wis.
JOSEPHINE C. PRESTON, Olympia, Wash.
WALTER R. SIDERS, Pocatello, Idaho.
PAYSON SMITH, Boston, Mass.

FRANK E. SPAULDING, Paris, France.
GEORGE D. STRAYER, New York, N.Y.

NINA C. VANDEWALKER, Milwaukee, Wis.

J. W. WITHERS, St. Louis, Mo.