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IV. EDUCATION OF THE COLORED RACE.

PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

The three tables following (Tables 1, 2, and 3) exhibit the statistics of the colored schools of the former slave States placed in juxtaposition with those of the white. TABLE 1.-Colored school population and colored population, 6 to 14 years of age, in the former slave States compared with the white, mainly for 1889.

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TABLE 2.-Enrollment and average attendance in colored public schools, compared with white, mainly for 1888–89.

g345, 024

167, 367

217, 703

25.0 25.6 g43.5

75.0

248, 437

6, 810

161, 790

4. 1

1,692, 123

3,489, 904

32.7

74.4 956.5 95.9

67.3

g

In 1885.

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TABLE 3.-Length of school term, and number of teachers, with their monthly salaries, in colored and white schools, mainly for 1888-89.

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d Number of colored schools, excluding those in cities under local laws.

e County schools only.

f Includes only the States tabulated in the same column above.

Remarks upon the tables.

Number of colored children in the schools.-It will be seen that, taking all the above States together, the colored children form 32.7 per cent., or a trifle less than one-third of the total school population 6 to 14 years of age, while the colored pupils form only 27.6 per cent., or little more than one-fourth of the total enrollinent; i. e., the colored population supplies considerably less than its due proportion of pupils to the public schools. This is the case in each of the States individually, with the exception of North Carolina and Texas, where the proportion of children and of school enrollment is about the same, and the District of Columbia, where the proportion of colored children is 35.3 per cent. and of colored pupils 36.3 per cent. Looking at the actual number of pupils enrolled for each 100 children of 6 to 14 years of age (columns 6 and 7, Table 2) it is found to be seventy-two for the colored population and ninety-one for the white, a decided difference; and if the number of white children receiving an education outside of the public schools could be taken into consideration a still greater discrepancy would appear.

Regularity of attendance.-Not only are there fewer colored pupils than white enrolled in proportion to the number of children, but the regularity of attendance of colored pupils is less than the white. The summaries of columns 10 and 11, Table 2, show that out of every one hundred colored pupils enrolled 62.3 on an average attend each day; and out of a like number of white pupils 65 attend each day on an average. This is not a very great difference, however, and under all the circumstances may be considered a satisfactory relative showing. In Alabama, Kentucky, Louisiana, and South Carolina the regularity of the colored pupils exceeds that of the white.

Length of school term. The colored schools are kept an average of 89.2 days in the nine States which furnish the necessary data for determining this item, and the white schools an average of 98.6 days (columns 2 and 3, Table 3). Delaware furnishes a large part of this difference, due to the colored people being left mainly to their own resources in that State. In Maryland, also, there is a considerable difference in the length of the school terms. Outside of these two States the difference is trifling. Teachers' wages.-The average of the monthly wages of colored teachers in six States reporting this item is $27.35; of white teachers, $32.74 (columns 5 and 6, Table 3). This difference may be considered to proceed in part from the circumstance that among the white teachers there are a greater proportional number in the higher and better-paid grades than among the colored, thus raising their average.

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