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Foundation (lock): Bedrock.

Dam: Fixed.

Type of construction:

Lock, concrete walls; steel mitering gates.
Dam: The dam consists of Squaw Island dike and Bird
Island pier lying between the canal and Niagara River.
The pier was built of timber cribs filled with stone in
1822-34, chiefly by State of New York. Cost is unknown.
Cost of lock

Approach walls and office storehouse

Total

$1,037, 213. 20 526, 842. 53

1, 564, 055. 73

The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts:

Acts

Aug. 11, 1888
June 3, 1896

June 13, 1902

June 13, 1902
Aug. 8, 1917
Mar. 3, 1905

July 27, 1916

Mar. 2, 1919
Mar. 2, 1945

Sept. 22, 1922
Mar. 3, 1925

Work authorized

Dredging channel through Horseshoe Reef at
outlet of Lake Erie and Tonawanda Inner
Harbor, to 16 feet..

Deepening Tonawanda Creek to 16 feet..

Dredging channel from Buffalo outer harbor to
foot of Maryland St., Buffalo, to 21 feet.
Dredging channel from foot of Maryland St.,
Buffalo, to natural deep-water pool upstream
from Tonawanda Harbor to 21 feet; construc-
tion of ship lock and bridge; and repair of Bird
Island pier and towpath wall.

Dredging channel along Tonawanda Island with
turning basin at its downstream end at the foot
of the island to 21 feet.

Dredging triangular area at junction with Buffalo
north entrance channel.

Widening channel at foot of Maryland St., Buffalo.
Widening canal south of International Bridge and
removal of westerly end of Rattlesnake Island
Shoal.

June 26, 1934 Operation and care of improvements provided
for with funds from War Department appro-
priations for rivers and harbors.

Aug. 30, 1935 Removal of rock shoals in Lake Erie entrance to canal and in canal south of Ferry St. Bridge to 22 feet; enlargement of North Tonawanda turning basin; extension of Bird Island pier; improvement of guide pier at the lock; and elimination of upper 150 feet of Tonawanda Creek Channel from the project.

Mar. 2, 1945 Widening Lake Erie entrance to canal.

Documents

H. Doc. No. 83, 50th Cong., 1st sess.,
Annual Report, 1888, p. 2066, and
Annual Report, 1897, pp. 3116-3120.
H. Doc. No. 143, 56th Cong., 1st sess.,
and Annual Report, 1900, p. 4152.
H. Doc. No. 125, 56th Cong., 2d sess.
and Annual Report, 1901, p. 3343.
H. Doc. No. 428, 58th Cong., 2d sess.

H. Doc. No. 658, 63d Cong., 2d sess.

H. Doc. No. 1004, 65th Cong., 2d sess. and H. Doc. No. 92, 79th Cong., 1st

sess.

H. Doc. No. 981, 66th Cong., 3d sess.
H. Doc. No. 289, 68th Cong., 1st se: 8.

H. Doc. No. 28, 73d Cong., 1st sess.*

H. Doc. No. 92, 79th Cong., 1st sess.

1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act.
Authorized May 28, 1935, by Emergency Relief Administration Act of 1935.
Contains latest published map.

Local cooperation.-Fully complied with.

Terminal facilities.-There are no freight terminals along the channel above the Black Rock lock. Transfer of freight takes place over the towpath to commercial plants on the east side.

Along the upstream end of the channel there are two small boat harbors, one unused seaplane terminal, and one Naval Militia dock. Below the Black Rock lock and at Tonawanda Harbor there are five terminals for petroleum products, two for iron ore and coal,

three for coal, five for sand and gravel, one for lumber, one for wood pulp and paper, and one for pulpwood, all of which are private. There are also two State-owned barge canal terminals. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 11, revised 1939, Corps of Engineers.)

Operations and results during fiscal year-New work.Advance planning for removal of rock shoals in the Lake Erie entrance to the canal and the canal was completed in 1944 at a cost of $838.63 for the year.

Maintenance.-Government plant and hired labor removed 116,281 cubic yards of material from Black Rock Channel and Tonawanda Harbor at a cost of $73,134.68; repaired Bird Island pier at a cost of $13,565.50 and made an investigation of the Niagara River channel section at a cost of $2,739.68. Island Dike was policed at a cost of $3,258.45.

Squaw

Operating and care.-The lock was in continuous operation 275 days and in operation during the day only for 83 days. The lock was closed March 15 to 21, 1945, inclusive, for underwater cleaning and repairs. The Ferry Street Bridge was in continuous operation 275 days and in operation during the day only 90 days. The signal station at the foot of Genesee Street, Buffalo, N. Y., was in continuous operation 254 days and was closed from December 16, 1944, to April 5, 1945, inclusive. The cost for the fiscal year was $119,452.49 including $13,996.47 for policing the lock, bridge, and Government reservation.

The total cost for year was $212,989.43 of which $838.63 was for new work, $92,698.31 for maintenance, and $119,452.49 for operating and care. The total expenditure was $221,196.67.

Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 86 percent completed. The channel from Buffalo Harbor north entrance to opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, is completed except for removing rock shoals from Lake Erie to Ferry Street. The different sections of this channel were completed to project depth as follows: Lake Erie section in 1909; Black Rock Canal section in 1915; Niagara River section from lock to deep-water pool above Tonawanda in 1913; and Tonawanda section including turning basin in 1921. The triangular area at Lake Erie entrance to the canal was completed in 1922 and transferred from Buffalo Harbor project in 1945. The channel was further widened as follows: Lake Erie section was widened at the hend opposite foot of Georgia Street, Buffalo, in 1924; Black Rock Canal section, just south of the International Bridge at Buffalo, in 1928 and opposite the foot of Maryland Street, Buffalo, in 1930: and Niagara River section in the vicinity of the westerly end of the Rattlesnake Island Shoal in 1928. Rock shoals extending above a depth of 21.4 feet were removed from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal and in the canal south of Ferry Street Bridge in 1937.

The Tonawanda Creek Channel was completed in 1902. Tonawanda Inner Harbor Channel was completed in 1904. The enlargement of the Tonawanda turning basin and the extension of Bird Island pier were completed in 1936. The lock, including

wing walls and retaining walls above the lock, was completed in 1914, and the 100-foot east-wing wall extension in 1927. The guide pier connecting with the west-lower-wing wall was completed in 1916, except 200-foot northerly extension and construction of concrete platform in the angle. The bridge at Ferry Street was completed in 1914 and the lock-operating houses in 1924.

The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the improvement and extension of the guide pier, as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, the completion of removing rock shoals from Black Rock Channel from Lake Erie to Ferry Street, and widening the Lake Erie entrance to the canal.

Structures are all in good condition except the towpath wall and low part of Bird Island pier which require repairs.

The controlling depths at low-water datum are Black Rock Channel 20 feet, Tonawanda inner harbor 14 feet, and Tonawanda Creek channel, 14 feet.

The total cost of the existing project was $10,111,680.25, of which $7,952,298.71, including $1,760,000 Emergency Relief funds, was for new work, $1,121,302.55 for maintenance, and $1,038,078.99 for operating and care. The total expenditure was $10,119,887.49, including $1,760,000 Emergency Relief funds.

In addition, the sum of $1,356,006.68 was expended between July 9, 1914, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes.

Proposed operations. The balance unexpended and the accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year plus an additional amount to be allotted will be applied as follows:

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203, 310. 57

Total, maintenance and operating and care The removal of rock shoals from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal and in the canal, advance planning, and widening the Lake Erie entrance to the canal should be completed. Redredging and sweeping are required annually and structure repairs are necessary. For these items, and for operating and care, the additional sum of $1,292,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1947 as follows:

New work:

Removal of rock shoals to a depth of 22 feet from Lake Erie entrance to the canal and in the canal, by contract, July 1946-47

Advance planning for widening Lake Erie entrance to the canal, by hired labor, summer 1946 Widening Lake Erie entrance to the canal, by contract, summer 1946

Maintenance:

Repairing Bird Island pier by Government plant, spring 1947

Repairing towpath wall by Government plant, fall 1946

Dredging, sweeping, and removing obstructions from Black Rock Channel by Government plant, spring 1947

Sweeping and removing obstructions by Government plant, July 1946-47

Maintenance (operating and care):

Operating lock, bridge, and signal station_‒‒‒ Ordinary repairs to lock, bridge, and signal station

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1, 292, 000

Total, new work, maintenance and operating and care_-_

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Amount allotted from War Department Civil
Appropriation Act approved June 26, 1944- $236, 000. 00
Amount allotted from War Department Civil
Appropriation Act approved Mar. 31, 1945__

Deductions on account of revocation of allotment

Net amount to be accounted for

105, 300.00

$341,300.00 44,000.00

297, 300.00

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Unobligated balance available June 30, 1945

Amount (estimated) required to be appropriated for completion of existing project1

Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending

June 30, 1947:

For new work1

1

For maintenance 1

Total'

1 Exclusive of available funds.

8, 207. 24

84, 310. 57

1, 300, 000. 00

1,075,000.00 217,000.00

1, 292, 000.00

13. SUBMERGED WEIR, NIAGARA RIVER, N. Y. Location.-Across the Canadian Channel of the Niagara River about 1 mile above the Horseshoe Falls at Niagara Falls, and about 1,800 feet upstream from the intake of the Ontario Power Co.

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Existing project. This provides for a loose rock fill submerged weir in the Chippawa-Grass Island pool to raise the water surface in the pool 1 foot more or less at standard low water; for studies to determine the effects brought about by the construction of the weir on water level conditions; and for corollary studies as to the nature of further work required to preserve and improve the scenic beauty of the Falls, after the effect of the submerged weir has been observed.

Standard low water is at elevation 560.6 feet, above mean tide at New York City.

The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1945, is $913,000, one-half to be borne by the Government of the Dominion of Canada.

The existing project was authorized by Senate executive resolution dated November 27, 1941, ratifying executive G, Seventyseventh Congress, and river and harbor funds were made available to the project by the Second Deficiency Appropriation Act approved July 5, 1945.

Local cooperation.-According to the agreement between the two governments, one-half of the estimated cost of construction is to be borne by the Government of the Dominion of Canada. In compliance with this requirement an adjustment of expenditures is made at the end of each calendar year.

Operations and results during fiscal year.-The construction causeway and Tower Island, extending upstream to the site from the head of Goat Island, were maintained at a cost of $1,917.74; miscellaneous engineering studies were made at a cost of $669.69; and a net reimbursement of $18,867.88 was made to Canada to balance the costs incurred by the two governments during the calendar year 1944, for a total cost to the United States of $21,455.31 for the year. The expenditure was $22,557.27.

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