Superintendents the statistical information, heretofore collected and returned to this Department by the County Superintendents. But the returns are so few, and so im perfect, that they are worthless for the purpose of showing the internal condition of the schools of the State. The Superintendent regrets that he is unable to communicate any thing to the Legislature concerning the attendance at winter and summer schools; the number, age, and sex of the teachers employed; the studies pursued and the text-books used; the wages and qualifications of teachers; the number of school-houses, and the materials of which they are built, their state of repair, and general fitness for the accommodation of scholars; and briefly, the mass of facts showing the practical working and actual results of our school system. In the exercise of its power, the Legislature cut off the hands and arms by which all this valuable statistical information had been gathered and arranged in crder, and left this Department to devise some other means of obtaining it, or to omit it altogether. The table hereto annexed, marked "A," is an abstract of the reports of Town Superintendents and Commissioners of Common Schools, exhibiting an account of the public money received and expended by Trustees up to December 31, 1847, and the amount received by Town Superintendents and apportioned during the year ending July 1st, 1848; and the condition of the schools as stated in the annual report of Trustees up to the close of the year 1847. From this abstract it appears that, on the 31st day of December last, there were in the State 10,621 school districts, the school-houses of which were situated in the town, or ward, reported; 8,070 whole districts, and 5,462 parts of joint districts. The following is a comparative statement for the last four years: Whole No. of Districts, No of whole Districts, Parts of joint Districts, 1847. 1846. 1845. 1844. 10,621 11,052 11,008 11,018 8.070 8,241 8,327 8,419 5,462 5,565 5,348 5,311 The number reported the past year less than the previous year, is, whole number of districts, 431, whole districts 171, parts of joint districts 103. The variation from year to year shows either remarkable inaccuracy in the reports, or numerous alterations and divisions of districts. Returns were received from 8,006 whole districts, and 5,315 parts of districts, showing 54 whole and 147 parts of districts from which no reports were received. The following is a comparative statement of the number of districts and parts of districts from which reports have been received for the last four years: 1847. 1846. 1845. 1844. 8006 8103 8193 8291 Whole Districts,.. Parts of Districts,.. 5315 5400 5207 5042 The number af non-reporting districts and parts of districts for each of said years, is as follows: Whole Districts, Parts of Districts,.. 1847. 1846. 1845. 1844. 54 138 134 128 147 165 120 269 The deficiencies for the past year are so few in comparison with the whole number reported, that it may justly be assumed that most of them have occurred through accidental or justifiable causes. The Trustees of whole districts can prepare their reports with very little expense of time or labor. But the labor of making the report of a joint district, is always double that of a whole district, and when it is considered that many parts of districts consist of but one or two farms, occupied by as many inhabitants, and sometimes having no children to enumerate, and no money to draw, we shall see a sufficient reason for receiving no reports from many parts of districts. A whole district, or a part of a joint district, from which no report is made, forfeits its share in the apportionment of the public money for the succeeding year, and a non-compliance with the law in several particulars, such as hiring an unqualified teacher for more than one month during the year, or not having a school kept at least four months of the year by a qualified teacher, works a similar forfeiture. Upon giving a sufficient excuse for the omission of duty, or non-compliance with the law, or the regulations of this Department, and upon making a report furnishing the Town Superintendent the data for his apportionment, the State Superintendent is authorized to release the district from the penalty incurred. The number of unincorporated and private schools report. ed, is 1,785; in 1847, 1,704; in 1846, 1,730; and in 1845, 1,981; exhibiting an increase of eighty one during the past year, but a decrease of 96 since 1845. The only counties reported as having none, are Hamilton, Montgomery, New-York and Albany. The counties of Allegany, Cortland, Franklin, Fulton, Schenectady, Schoharie and Warren, have each less than ten. · Dutchess, Jefferson, Oneida, Otsego, Orange, Rensselaer, Suffolk, Ulster, Washington, Westchester and Kings, have fifty or upwards. The average attendance at these schools has been a fraction over 16 to each. But little reliance can be placed upon these reports, as to the number of schools, or scholars. In Allegany county but three private schools are reported, and yet the number of scholars is stated to be 1,172, a manifest error. None are reported for New York or Al bany, while there must be a large number in each. In Cattaraugus there are reported 12 such schools, and 18 scholars; in Cortland, 8 schools and 88 scholars; in Herkimer, 22 schools and 24 scholars; in Montgomery, no schools and 2 scholars; in Schoharie 8 schools and 38 scholars; in Seneca, 25 schools and 21 scholars; in Warren, 7 schools and 78 scholars; in Yates, 21 schools and 68 scholars. A glance at this statement must convince any one that the number of scholars reported is not a tithe cluded, therefore, that the number of scholars reported in of the number actually in attendance. It must be conattendance at private schools is much below the true number. The error of too few schools and too many scholars appears only in Allegany county. From the obviously wrong estimate in the above named counties, and the clearly low estimate in all the other counties, the fair inference is, that probably 75,000 children are annually taught in private schools. Private schools ought not to receive the encouragement of the State or the support of the community. They are usually sustained by those who have the ability to employ competent teachers, and the Common Schools are weakened by the means applied to their support. Our District Schools may be so elevated, that those who seek superior advantages for their children, can find them only in the Common Schools. The whole number of children between the ages of 5 and 16, reported on the 31st day of December, 1845, exclusive of the city of New York, was.. The whole number reported on the 31st December, 1846, exclusive of New York, was The whole number reported on the 31st day of December, 1847, exclusive of New-York, was.. The whole number of children reported as attending school during some portion of the year 1847, is..... 625,399 624,843 718,123 775,723 have been collected are in many cases deficient and deceptive. child, between 5 and 16 years of age, residing in the district; the name and age of each child attending school during the year, and also the name of the parents or guar- By chap. 258, sec. 3, Laws of 1847, a sum not exceeddians of said children. By comparing these three sche-ing $5,000, was appropriated from the income of the dules with the numbers stated in the body of the reports of United States Deposit Fund, to the trustees of any incorthe Trustees, the Town Superintendents can easily detect porated village which should, during one year from the and correct any errors. school for the exclusive instruction of colored children. passage of the act, maintain, for three months or more, a If the Trustees would furnish the Teachers with the necessary "bound books," and not pay a teacher who failed to keep a correct list of the scholars attending school, verified by his affidavit; and if the Town Superintendents would reject, as incorrect, reports in which the aggregate of the whole attendance, and the periodical attendance didlars a month for six months in any village. not agree, perfect accuracy would be the result. kept during at least three months, with an average atThe act required proof that such a school had been tendance of not less than ten scholars, before the payment of any money. The whole was not to exceed twelve dol The average time during which schools have been kept during the past year, in the State, may be stated at eight months, which is the same as last year. In Hamilton county the average is five months and in Warren 5 and 7-10. No other counties average less than six months. In the Counties of New York and Kings, the average is 11 months; in Richmond and Queens 10, and in Suffolk, Westchester and Rockland 9. The average of Rensselaer, according to the reports, would be 12 months. schools, are in some respects palpably incorrect; and the information they purport to give, is not, therefore, very reliable in other respects. In the fifteen counties, where such schools are reported to have been kept, the whole number of children in attendance has been 4,741, an increase of 877 since 1846, and of 2,185 since 1845. The amount of public money apportioned to such schools was $16,926.68. In the County of Chemung, no school is reported, and no public money was apportioned; but $6,227.60 is reported to have been expended for teachers' wages in such schools, besides the public money.-So without any school or appropriation of public money, it is reported that in Cortland county $4,228.10, and in Wyoming county $7,807.19 have been expended in teachers' wages. The Clerk of Rensselaer county reports, that 106 children have attended the school; that $6,171.95 public money has been apportioned to them, and that $10,632.07 has been paid for teachers' wages, besides the public money. In his report of 1846, my predecessor estimated the number of colored children in the State between 5 and 16 years of age at 11,000, which estimate is probably correct. In his last report, he predicted that, in all the incorporated villages of the State, being more than one hundred and forty, and containing nearly the whole colored population of the State, out of the cities, not twenty would have colored children enough to supply a school with the average attendance required by the act. From returns at the Comptroller's office, it appears that the trustees of only six incorporated villages have esta monthly attendance of twenty. The trustees of Lansingburgh certify to a school for the term of six months, with an average attendance of thirteen, In Elmira, the trustees have supported a school for six months, and the lowest number in attendance at any one time, was fourteen. In Canandaigua, a school has been kept three months, with an average attendance of nineteen, and an attendance during the term of thirty-five scholars. In Catskill and Watertown, the attendance has averaged over ten, for six months. These schools are under the special charge of the Comptroller, and a report of the number established under the act, and the amount of money paid for their support, is not required of this Department. But the act is such an anomoly in legislation that it cannot be passed over in silence. It establishes a system of schools, not connected with the general system of the State nor under the control or supervision of the School Department. The trustees of incorporated villages, and not The City Superintendent of Brooklyn reports, that there the regular school officers of the town or district, build or are two schools for colored children in that city, in one of hire the school-house, employ and pay the teacher, and which 220 scholars have been in attendance, and in the have the oversight of the school. The report made is barely other 80; and that $700 public money was apportioned sufficient to authorise the Comptroller to issue his warrant to the former, and $300 to the latter. This statement is for the money, and the report and warrant are both filed in true. But the County Clerk of Kings county, leaving Brook- the Treasurer's Office. No report of the actual average lyn out of his report, returns no schools for colored children number, or the number of different scholars in attendance is required to be made. The trustee of a School Disin the county, and yet states that $850 public money was apportioned to such schools, and $8,997.56 paid for tea-trict cannot make mention of such a school in his annual chers' wages, besides the public money. Here is the sum of $39,239 03 erroneously credited to the schools for colored children. It is impossible to tell in what column this amount of money should be included. Nor can this Department know upon whom to charge the gross carelessness of committing such mistakes, whether the County clerk, or the town or city officers. In the County of Columbia, the Clerk reports two colored children, to whom have been apportioned $70 public money, and $170 has been paid for teachers' wages. In contrast with the liberality of the school officers in Columbia to the two colored children, is the parsimony to the 50 in Montgomery, the 52 in Greene, and 126 in Erie, to whom no public money has been apportioned, and for whom no money has been expended in teachers' wages. report, either as a district school, or an unincorporated, The colored population is enumerated in the census of the State, and is a part of the basis of the distribution of the School Fund. Colored children are enumerated by the trustees in their annual reports, they draw public money for the district in which they reside, and are equally entitled with white children to the benefit of it. In the rural districts of the State colored children are genrally admitted into the Common Schools. If unreasonable prejudice exclude colored children from the village schools, the trustees are empowered to establish sepaSuch reports are worse than useless, for they are false and rate schools for them. The children attending draw the publie delusive. It is plain that, in a large number of counties, money to which they are entitled, and the trustees can no effort has been made to collect accurate statistics re-exempt those parents who are unable to pay a rate-bill, lating to schools for colored children, and that such as the exemptions becoming a charge upon the whole dis 168 trict. A special appropriation for incorporated villages only excites prejudice and parsimony. The trustees of the village will, generally, expend the special appropriation for the colored children, and the public money drawn by them ⚫ will be shared among the white children of the village. There seems to be no satisfactory reason for this special appropriation. It cannot be justly urged that negroes are an especial burden to incorporated villages any more than to cities, or rural districts, and that they are, therefore, entitled to an extraordinary allowance of money to educate them. The Superintendent respectfully recommends the repeal of this anomalous act. 3. Indian Schools. and third Readers, Webster's Elementary Spelling Book, Mitchell's Primary School Geography, and Colburn's Mental Arithmetic. The number of children learning to read and reading in the Spelling Book was 24; in the first book of Sanders' series 10; in the second book 6; and in the third 10; in Geography 6; in Mental Arithmetic 10; learning to write 15; learning to count 24. At the time of writing, the average daily attendance was 35, and the number present that day was 60. The difficulties which the teacher at first encountered, had been overcome, and there was a prospect of more scholars than could be properly cared for without assistance. A want of school books, naps, apparatus, and writing Schools for the instruction of Indian children are now materials, is severely felt. Still, under all disadvantages, established upon the St. Regis, the Onondaga, the Catta- the children are making commendable progress, and seem raugus and Allegany, and Shinnecock Indian reservations. to acquire knowledge with the same facility as the whites. The record kept by the clerk of the tribe shows, that The Shinnecock. Indians occupy a small promontory, containing about 600 acres, on the northern shore of Long there were living on the American side, bordering on CaIsland, and within the limits of the town of South-Hampnada, two hundred and fifty children, of which number beThe whole number of children between the ages of 5 and 16 years is 50, and the number who have attended school some portion of the time, is 40. ton. Can we voga neservation a sCHIVUI was nep tween eighty and ninety are between the ages of 5 and 16. As an evidence of the rapidity with which they learn to read and write, the teacher enclosed a list of the names of The town Superintendent of South-Hampton was re- 46 children, then present in school, written in a fair and lequired by law to apportion to the Indian School $80gible hand by a lad who took his first lesson in writing in disiactorily assured, by the Honorable Edwin Rose, Supe- a male teacher for five months previous to the first day of rintendent of South-mpton, that since the establishment May, 1848, and for the ensuing six months by a male teaof the school there has been an obvious improvement in the cher with a female assistant. The sum of $225 was excharacter and condition of the Indians. They are more or-pended for teachers' wages. derly, more industrious, more temperate, more ti ly in their domestic habits, and more cleanly in their personal appearance, while their lands are better cultivated. A report hereto appended, from Chester Howe, Esq, Indian agent for the Allegany and Cattaraugus Reservations, states the number of children between the ages of 5 and 16 years, upon the latter, at 332, and the whole number who have attended school during the preceding year at 229; and the whole number between the said ages upon the former, at 180, and the number who have attended school at 110. The whole number of scholars, who had attended, at the date of the Agent's report, was 61; of whom 40 had been quite regular, and twenty-five had been absent but a few days during the year. The whole number of children on the Reservation, between the ages of 5 and 16, is about 94. Only about three-fifths of the children belonging to the tribe have attended school at all; and the average daily attendance is less than one-third of the whole. When we consider the extreme poverty and destitution of many, the discord between the Pagan and Christian families, and the stincts of the Indian, our wonder will be that so many can be persuaded to attend at all. A school house has been built upon the Cattaraugus Re-novelty of subjecting to school discipline the roving inservation at a cost of $600, the Indians contributing $300, in addition to the same amount appropriated by the State. An appropriation of $300 has also been expended by the Agent in the erection of a school house upon the Allegany Reservation. Upon the Cattaraugus Reservation, F. T. Carrier, an accomplished teacher, has been employed, since the first of May, 1848, at the salary of $300 per annum. Previous to that time Marius B. Pierce, an Indian, was employed two months and paid $35. The branches of study taught are, reading, spelling, writing, orthography, geography, arithmetic, drawing and vocal music. The same want of books, maps, apparatus, and other appliances for teaching, is felt as at the St. Regis school. The lack of needful clothing, and food, also, prevents the attendance of many children. Specimens of drawing, executed by several of the scholars, highly creditable to them, have been presented to this De B. F. Hall, an experienced teacher, has also been employ-partment. ed upon the Allegany Reservation, since the first of June, at a salary of $250 per annum. Forty-four dollars have been expended in books, maps and stationery for the schools. The Agent adds, that the Indians feel very grateful for the instruction which the State is bestowing, and take an increasing interest in the schools. The Indian Reservations in Allegany, Erie, Cattaraugus, Onondaga, and other counties, comprise many thousand acres of the finest agricultural land in the State. The question naturally suggests itself, how, then, can they be so miserably poor and destitute? Agriculture, the mechanic arts, and the habits of civilized Interesting reports have also been received from the re-life, are all to be learned by them; but the chief cause may pective Agents of the St. Regis and Cattaraugus Reservations, and are appended to this Report. The Agent of the St. Regis Reservation reports, that a school has been kept nine months during the year, with an average attendance of fifty children. Of the sum of $300, appropriated for the support of the school, $156 has been paid to the late teacher, Francis Corr; $74,79 to the present teacher, A. C. Waterman; $3,26 for incidental expenses; $10 in hiring a teacher and visiting the school; leaving $55,95 unexpended in the hands of the Agent. A letter from the teacher to Mr. Wheeler, the Agent, dated Nov. 27, 1818, gives some additional particulars, relating to the Indians and the school. The books used in the school are Sanders' first, second be found in the fact, that this land being the common inheritance, from which all derive support, no one feels an individual interest in improving it. The labor of the industrious contributes alike to the support of the idle. The usual incentives to toil and thrift, the hope of personal gain, and the acquisition of exclusive property, are wanting. Is it not obvicus that the practical communism, imposed by our laws upon the Indians, obstructs their advance in knowledge and civilization, and deprives them of the chief stimulus to industry and frugality? The cession and alienation of their land cannot be made without the consent of the State. Could they not be allowed to divide the land equitably among themselves, giving to leach an estate of inheritance, but not permitting the land Le disposed of by devise, or by deed, nor to be encumbered by some cases a single school district in a town has a greater mortgage or judgment? It is now held in common and in-valuation than all the others combined. Wherever a bank, alienable, it would then be held in partition, not devisable, or an insurance company, or a manufacturing establishnot alienable, nor subject to any lien, or incumbrance. ment, or the depot of a railroad, is located, the district will The right of pre-emption belonging to the Holland, the have a large valuation. If the valuation of all the cities Ogden, and other land companies, if the Indians choose to and large villages, banks, insurance companies, manufacremain, is worthless, and their removal must be voluntary.turing establishments, railroads and turnpike stock, could The State is not bound to shape its legislation, so as to cause be deducted from the aggregate valuation of the State, and the expulsion or extermination of the Indians. If they de- the remainder be divided by the number of school districts, sire to occupy the small remnant of their once ample pos- the average valuation for each district would probably not sessions, and are willing to become an agricultural people, exceed $10,000. the State should permit their possession to be such as is known to be most conducive to the individual and social well-being of mankind. If the Indian is to be civilized and educated, he must cease to be a savage. We must allow him to partition and cultivate his land, if we would not have all our efforts to educate and enlighten him prove illusive and futile. By the liberality of a philanthropist of our State, inducements have been held out to the colored people, in the generous grant of land, to improve their physical condition, and elevate their character. The grant was not made as the common property of all who might choose to occupy it, but was wisely parcelled out to individuals in small tracts, thus furnishing the strongest encouragement to individual enterprise and frugality. Why should not the same policy be adopted in reference to the Indians? The red man has been despoiled of his inheritance. The advance of civilization has usually done but little for the improvement of his condition. He has generally been found apt to adopt all the vices, while he discarded the virtues, of the white man. It is gratifying to know that the small bounty of the State to the remnant of these tribes has been so well appreciated and so highly improved. It is the duty of the State to encourage the Indian in agriculture and the mechanic arts, and to elevate his social and moral condition. Each district must have its school-house. And as nearly all the property above enumerated is within the cities and villages, it is probable that a tax to build a school house at a cost of $400 would be a higher rate per cent upon the several residents of at least 8,000 school districts, than the whole taxation for all purposes upon the residents of either of the cities. The expense of maintaining our present school district organization is, therefore, much more burdensome in the agricultural districts than in the cities and villages. And yet while the cities and villages are consolidating and uniting districts, thus lessening the expense and increasing the means and facilities of supporting schools, the operation of dividing and creating new districts is still going on in the country. The number of districts in the State is already too large, and alterations should generally be made with the purpose of lessening the number. The absolute power to alter, create, or dissolve districts, conferred upon town superintendents, should be abridged, by requiring the supervisor and town clerk in all cases to be associated with him in the alteration, and formation of districts. The formation of new, and the alteration of old districts, always involve the necessity of taxation, generally lead to a change of site, and more or less interrupt the regular course of education. One means of checking the increase of districts would be found in the repeal of that section of the law which authorizes a sale of the school houses and other property of the districts from whose territory the new one is formed, and a division of the proceeds of such sale among the several dis 4. Of the Organization of the Common Schools. The number of School Districts in the State, according to the last reports, is 10,621. The number reported last year was 11,052. The formation of union districts, and the districts entitled thereto, according to the amount of taxable solution of districts, cannot have caused this decrease. Some error has been committed, and yet it seems highly improbable that any Town Superintendent should be ignorant of the number of districts or school-houses in his town. If the smaller number is the correct one, the territory belonging to each, the amount of taxable property, and the number of resident children of the school age, would be on the average, too small for the support of the schools. The school money is apportioned to the several counties and towns in proportion to their population. If we divide the amount of public money by the number of the districts, we have $580,000, (the sum distributed the coming year,) divided by 10,621, giving $54.60 to each district. Yet there are 25 towns in the State receiving less than that sum, and 79 receiving less than $100. The distribution among the districts of the several towns is made in proportion to the number of children in each, between 5 and 16 years of age. The distribution of the school money according to population gives the cities an advantage over the rural dis tricts. New York has 80,500 children between the ages of 5 and 16, and the portion of school money is $40,621 53, or 50 cents for each child. Madison county has 10,705 children between 5 and 16 years of age, and has $4,485.05 school money, or about 42 cents for each child. The difference in favor of New York is eight cents for eachchild. Dividing the number of acres of improved land in the State, 11,757,276, by the number of districts, 10,621, and we have 1,107 acres to each district. The aggregate valuation of the whole State in 1847 was $632,699,993, or $60,000 to each district; or excluding the valuation of New York, ($247,152,302,) about $36,000. There are many towns in the State with a valuation less than $100,000, and there are very few towns which do not contain districts with a valuation less than $5,000. In property in each, as appears from the valuation upon the assessment roll of the town. Nor would the undersigned recommend the re-enactment of the former law, by which, in such case, an appraisal of the district property of the old districts was authorized to be made by the town superintendents, and the amount due to the new, directed to be raised by a tax upon the old, district. It is urged that the inhabitants of the new district are justly entitled to their share of the value of the school-house and other property, built, or purchased in part at their expenses. On examination there will be found less of truth than plausibility in this argument. In the formation of new districts under the present law there is great inequality in taxation. A new district ought not to be formed unless its inhabitants are willing to incur the expense of its organization. The necessity of repealing the present law will be apparent from a mere statement of its injurious and unjust operation. Within the past year instances of the formation of new districts have come to the knowledge of this Department, where territory was taken from four other districts. The town superintendent is required, in such cases, to sell the four school houses, the four libraries, and all the property of the four districts, at public auction. The trustees are not authorized by law to bid in this property, for their several districts, and if they do, a tax must be subsequently voted to repay them the sum apportioned from the proceeds of the sale to the new district. Here the libraries of four districts, established by the liberality of the State, and intended to be everflowing fountains of knowledge for the people, are sold and scattered, and five districts have to commence anew the formation of libraries. Four districts are partially disorganized for a year, or a series of years; and perhaps one, or more, of them may be entirely broken up and destroyed. The alteration of districts is a prolific source of ill-feeling, and the Department has numerous appeals from the orders of town superin endents setting off persons and ter ritory from one district to another. If the town supe rintendent were required always to associate with him the Supervisor and town clerk, and to give previous notice to the trustees of districts, of any intended alteration, very few arbitrary or unnecessary alterations would be made.The Trustees and persons interested ought to be heard before the alterations are made. 1. ESTIMATES AND ACCOUNTS OF EXPENDITURES OF THE SCHOOL MONEYS. 131,554 21 165,000 00 $400,767 48 Amount paid out of the treasury during the same period,... $211,802 54 275,820 32 134,797 00 And in 1846, 187,089 44 Balance of revenue in the treasury Sept. 30, 1848, $122,265 41 The balance in the treasury is $2,682.75 less than it was last year at the same time; but the receipts exceed those of the previous year by $6,399.93; and the expenditure is greater by $9,081.68. There is appended to this report the table (marked D,) usually referred to and published in the annual reports transmitted to the Legislature from this department, exhibiting the capital of the Common School Fund, as stated in the annual reports of the Comptroller, from the establishment of the fund in 1805-6 to 1848 inclusive; also the annual interest thereof, the amount annually apportioned for the support of schools, the amount paid on the order of trustees of school districts by commissioners and town superintendents, and also the amount paid by the inhabitants on rate bills. By a reference to this table it will be seen that the income for the past year has been $14,324.86 less than the previous year. What has caused this diminution is not known to the undersigned. It may be that the interest apon loans, and bonds for lands, has not been fully paid. Or it may be that the deficiency is partly owing to the large amount of money in the treasury drawing no interest, or only three and a half per cent-or to the exchange of seven per cent or six per cent loans, for five per cent Comptroller's bonds, or five per cent State stocks. The revenue for the past year has slightly exceeded five per cent on the capital. Last year it was nearly six per cent. A more careful investment of the fund might raise the revenue yearly, to six per cent. 2. Receipts and Expenditures for 1847. The abstracts of the reports of Town Superintendents and Commissioners of Common Schools, show that the $26,278 94 Hence it would appear that the sum of had been expended in 1846, more than was received. It is impoissble to account for this excess, unless we refer it to the mistakes made by the twelve thousand officers by whose hands are gathered and reported the items from which the aggregates are made. It may be, also, that town superintendents neglect sometimes to report the apportionment of money received from local funds, or raised by special statutes. 3. Receipts and Apportionments for 1848. The whole amount of public money received from all sources by the commissioners of cities and town superintendents, during the year ending July 1, 1848, was, Apportioned for teachers' wages, Balance unapportioned, $858,594 84 $657,331 09 91,485 92 $748,817 01 $109,777 85 83,651 26 Of which unappropriated balance, we find in the city of New York,... Leaving unaccounted for in the rest of the State, veral counties, are as follows: The sums reported received, and not apportioned, in se ..... Albany, . Columbia, Erie,.. Kings, Monroe, Saratoga, $26,126 59 Discrepancies of less magnitude appear in nearly all the |