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than all others connected with the educational interests of

The useful character and large amount of information to give it value and entitle it to the favorable regard of the contained in this work give it great value, and we believe it public. is destined to exert a powerful influence in correcting evils which have done more to retard the progress of civilization this and past centuries. If every parent wonld read this book carefully, we should not find so many miserably constructed and uncomfortable school houses, in all parts of our country, reflecting most shamefully upon the negligence or cupidity of entire communities whose comfortable and oft times splendid residences attest their ample means of providing suitable places with the necessary appliances for

the education of their children.

THE AMERICAN MANUAL; containing a brief outline of the origin and progress of political power, and the laws of nations; a commentary on the Constitution of the United States of North America, and a lucid exposition of the duties and responsibilities of voters, jurors, and civil magistrates; with questions, definitions and marginal exercises; designed to develop and strengthen the moral and intellectual powers of youth, and impart an accurate knowledge of the nature and necessity of political wis dom. Adapted to the use of Schools. Academies, and the public; by Joseph BARTLETT BURLEIGH, A. M., a member of the Baltimore Bar, and President of Newton University. "Regnant populi." Philadelphia: Grigg, Elliot & Co., 1548.

It can hardly be expected that we can give much space to this book after finding room for its uselessly long title page. and still we are unwilling to pass it with a mere announcement of publication. The necessity of more attention to the principles upon which the fundamental laws of nations, especially those of our own country, has long been apparent. Our systems of education have been sadly deficient fu this respect and therefore too great efforts to direct pubsic attention to this subject, cannot easily be made. A form of government requir ng every man to participate in making and executing its laws pre-supposes an acquaintance with the objects for which it was established, and the means by which it is to be perpetuated aud perfected.

This work is designed to give a brief history of the pro gress which the science of government has made from the ear liest period to the present, with more extended explanations of the laws by which nations are governed as introductory to an exposition of the principles upon which our own system is based. The Federal Constitution, duties and powers of the officers elected under it, and the organization of our courts of justice, are clearly presented.

We think the author greatly overrates his marginal exercises. Many of the words employed to explain those in the text are less simple, and frequently of different signification. A bungling use of synonymes is an evil that should be avoided, as it always destroys that precision of language necessary to close thinking. The work before us might be improved by omitting both the marginal exercises and the questions at the bottom of the page Such scholastic crutches" seldom afford any assistance, while they invariably increase the disposition of pupils to lean upon others. In the hands of competent teachers, such helps, to say the most in their favor, are useless; and with incompetent teachers they are a positive evil, as they invariably destroy all independence of mind. Pupils once accustomed to such props seldom, if ever, acquire strength enough to rely upon their own powers. Indolence, limited means of cultivation, and want of mental endowments, will give to society its full quota of imbecility without employing such "helps to knowledge" as necessarily weaken the intellect while acquiring it. With these exceptions, the work contains much

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found in statistical tables. Although the work has been We notice in the appendix such errors as should not be published recently, it is stated in one of these tables that "the Chancellor and Judges of this State are appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Senate," &c. Every intelligent man in the country, certainly one who assumes to give information on subjects relating to government, should have known that our Court of Chancery has been abolished, and that our Judges have been elective since the adoption of the new Constitution. Such blunders show that "old statistical tables" are made to form a part of "new books," in this age of the world. Perhaps we do wrong to advert to these facts, since book-making has become a trade that scarcely requires an apprenticeship; but such errors are readily detected by the intelligent, and are so necessarily injurious to all who need correct information, that we deem it our duty to point them out. Statistical tables, to be reliable, need something beside the scissors in their compi lation and hence should be an exception to the moderu rule" of book-making, of which there seems to be no end. THE PRINCIPLES OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT, FAMILIARLY ILLUS TRATED; including a comprehensive view of the Govern ment of Vermont, and an Abstract of the Laws, showing the Rights, Duties and Responsibilities of citizens in the Civil and Domestic Relations; with an Outline of the Government of the United States; adapted to the capacities of children and youth, and designed for the use of Families and Schools; by ANDREW W. YOUNG, author of Science of Government." Stoddard & Babcock : Syracuse, 1848.

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The above is the title of the last of several works by the author in prosecuting a design of supplying the deficiency which has hitherto existed in the course of common school education in this country. His first work--THE SCIENCE OF GOVERNMENT-was favorably received and has been exten. sively used in the schools of this State. It being better adapted, however, to the capacities of the more advanced scholars, the author subsequently prepared another treatise on political science with special reference to the wants of Common Schools, which is entitled FIRST LESSONS IN CIVIL GOVERNMENT. It is most admirably adapted to the purposes for which it was intended, and will be of incalculable benefit, if generally introduced, in laying the foundation for an enlightened discharge of the duties of citizenship. This work has been revised since the adoption of the New Constitution in this State, and its publication resumed.

A sim.lar work was soon after written on the Government of the State of Ohio, by Mr. Young, which, we are happy to learn, has attained a high popularity, having been extensively introduced into the schools of that State.

The last work of the author, a copy of which is before us, is to the State of Vermont, what its predecessors are to the States for which they were designed. No other treatises on this important science which, have as yet come under our notice, till the place for which these are intended-the comwell suited to the capacities of the mass of children and mon school. They are adin rably arranged, well written, and youth in our common schools. A minute description of the government, and laws of the States for which they are in tended is given, together with a clear exposition of the inlaws are based. mutable and just principles upon which our fundamental

SCHOOL DIALOGUES; being a collection of exercises particu
larly designed for the use of schools; by CHARLES NORTH-
END, A; M., author of American Speaker, Common School
Book Keeping, and Young Compost r. Syracuse: Hall &
Dickson, 1848.

No one is better qualified to present a work, designed to

combine amusement with instruction in the school roon., than the accomplished author of this admirable book. The rehearsal of dialogues in the school room, if well selected and with proper attention to the manner, are exceedingly beneficial. It gives life and animation to the whole school, while it greatly assists, in the formation of graceful manners and stimulates the colloquial powers.

The exercises are judiciously selected, and are so short as to be memorized and spoken without loss of time to the pupil and the school. We have no doubt that this will soon become a favorite book in our schools. It certainly has our cordial recommendation to the consideration of both teachers and pupils.

MODERN GEOGRAPHY, for the use of Schools, Academies, &c. on a new plan, by which the acquisition of Geographical Knowledge is greatly facilitated. Illustrated with Maps and numerous Engravings: by R. M. SMITH, Principal of Warrenton Academy. Philadelphia: Grigg, Elliot, & Co.,

1848.

Elements of the Science. Illustrated with numerous Engravings.
Designed for young beginners.
embracing the Elementar, Principles of Mechanics, Hydrostatics,
2. Parkers Com¡ endium of Natural and Experimental Philosophy,
Hydraulics, Pneumatics, Acoustics, Pyronimies, Optics, Astrono
my, Galvanisin. Magnetism, Electro Magnetism, Magneto Electrici-
Illustrated by numerous Diagrams.
ty, with a description of the Stean: and Locomotive Engines.-

Mr. Parker is widely known through his " Aids to Composition,"
and other Text Books. His Natural Philosophy is received with
uncommon favor by teachers, and is very generally adopted where
it is made known A copy will be sent to teachers who wish to
examine it.
The Sciences. Chambers' Educational Course.

1, Treasury of Knowledge; 2. Elements of Drawing in l'erspective; 3, Elements of Physiology, (Vegetable and Animal:) 4, Ele ments of Chemistry, with illustrations; 5. Elements of Geology, with illustrations; 6. Elements of Zoology, with illustrations; 7, Elements of Natu al Philosophy, with illustrations.

These works are revised by M. D. Reese, L. L D. from the latest Edinburgh Editions, and are recommended by some of our inost distinguished educators, as being highly adapted to the schools of this country. They are extensively used in the schools of Great Britain, and are pronounced the best series for schools ever emana

ted from the English press. Teachers and school committers are HISTORY.

recommended to examine the works.

In this work, which is executed in fair style, we have the maps and reading matter printed together. The plan is a good one, as it greatly facilitates the progress of the learner and reduces the price of a text book which must necessarily public; 2, Willard's School History of the United States; New be placed in the hands of every pupil.

The author has clearly presented an outline view of the earth, avoiding such minute particulars as appropriately belong to subsequent reading with a view to concentrate the powers of memory upon the more prominent and important points. The common fault of surcharging the memory has been wisely avoided. The work contains many excellencies which entitle it to a share of popular favor. Sold by E. Pease & Co., Albany.

1, Willard's History of the United States, or the American Re

Editions brought down to the present time; 3, Willard's Americap hronographei-a chart of American History; 4, Willard's Universal History; 5, Willard's Temple of Time; 6, Gould's Alison's History of Europe The Historical Works of Mrs. Willard stand

unrivalled as Text Books for Schools.

BOOK KEEPING AND PENMANSHIP-Fulton & Eastman's Book Keeping, by Single Entry. The methods of accounts here presented furnishes that part of a common education which in presents the forms in beautiful hand writing to the eye of the practical life is most indispensable. It is printed in scrip type, and lea.ner.

Fulton & Eastman's Principles of Penmanship.-Illustrated and expeditiously taught by the use of a series of Chirographic Charts, a Key, and a set of school Writing Books, appropriately ruled. Fulton & Eastman's Chirographic ('harts, in two numbers, hart No. 1 embraces primary exerc ses and elemen ary principles in writing. Chart No. 2 embraces elementary principles for capitals combined. and elementary principles for small letters combined Key to Fulton & Eastman's chirographic charts, containing dipen; also, for the exact forms and proportions of letters, with rules for their execution. Fulton & Eastman's School Writing Books, in four parts. SCIENCE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. ('lark's new English Grammar. A practical grammar in which words, phrases and sentences ar classified according to their offices and their relations to each other: illustrated by a compiste system of Diagrams, by S. W. Clark, A_M.

AN ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY of the English Language, containing the radicals and definitions of words derive from the Greek, Latin and French Languages; and all the generally used technical and polite phrases, adopted from the French and Latin. Designed chiefly as a book of reference for professional men, and the curious in Litrections for the position at the desk, and manner of holding the erature, in explaining words and phrases, the origin of which requires much historical and philosophical research. and adapted also to be used as an Academical Class Book. By WILLIAM GRIMSHAW, author of a History of the United States, History of England, France, &c. Third edition. carefully revised and enlarged. Philadelphia: Grigg, Elliott & Co., 1818.

The design and scope of this work are well given in its lengthy title page. It is a useful manual, and contains much information so conveniently arranged as to save much labor in tracing out authorities and ascertaining the original signification of words. Sold by Erastus Pease & Co., Albany.

EDUCATION! EDUCATION!

DAVIES' SYSTEM OF MATHEMATICS.
THE ARITHMETICAL COURSE FOR SCHOOLS.
1. Primary Table Book. 2. First Lessous in Arithmetic. 3 School
Arithmetic.
THE ACADEMIC COURSE.

1. The University Arithmetic. 2. Practical Geometry and Men suration. 3. Elementary Algebra. 4. Elementary Geometry. 3. Davies' Elements of Surveying.

THE COLLEGIATE COURSE.

1. Davies' Bourdon's Algebra. 2. Davies' Legendre's Geometry and Trigonometry. 3. Davies' Analytical Geometry. 4. Davies Descriptive Geometry. 5. Pavies' Sliades, Shadows, and Perspect' tve. 6. Davies' Differential and Integral Calculus.

There Works have an established National reputation, and will be the common standards to which the largest portion of the stu dents of the present day will hereafter refer.

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.

From the Rahway Register.

It is a most capital work, and well calculated, if we mistake not, o supercede, even in our best schools, works of much loftier pre

tension.

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School Architecture, or contributions to the improvement o school houses, by Henry Barnard, commissioner of public schools, Rhode Island. This work should be in the hands of every friend of good schools.

The above works ate published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 51 Joha
st., New York, and sold by booksellers generally throughout the
United States
Jan. 1.-3

Valuable School Books.
eighth thousand.
ELEMENTS OF MORAL SCIENCE, by Frs. Wayland, D,D.—Thirty-

ELEMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY, by Francis Wayland, D.D., seventeenth edition.

ABRIDGEMENTs of both the above works by the author, for the

1. Parker's First Lessons in Natural Philosophy, embracing the use of Schools and Academies.

ROMAN ANTIQUITIES & ANCIENT MYTHOLOGY, by C. K. Dillaway, ings and 60 Stylographic maps, by S. G. Goodrich, I vol. quarto. A. M. lnstrated by elegant engravings

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MEMORIA TECHNICA, by L. D Johnson. BLAKE'S NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, being conversations on Philoso phy, with explana ory notes and questions.

THE CICERONIAN, or the Prussian method of teaching the Latin language. By Barnay Sears, Sec. Mass. Board of Education. PRINCIPLES OF ZOOLOGY, Touching the structure, development, distribution and natural arrangement of the races of Animals, living and extinct; with numerous illustrations. For the use of Schools and Colleges. Part I., comparative physiology,—by Louis Agassiz and Augustus A. Could.

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CHAMBERS' MISCELLANY,
FOR DISTRICT SCHOOL LIBRARIES.

Chambers' Miscellany is universally acknowledged as the very

best work for the District School, Social, Family and Parish library : its wide range of subjects happily adapt it to almo.t all tastes and is objectionable to none It has been frequently exa nined by both teachers and School comm t ees, and but one opinion expressed— and that highly commendatory; the following 18 from George. B Emerson É 4 of the Roston School Commidee;

I have examined it with a good deal of care, particularly with refer.nce 10 its suitablen ss to forn parts of a library for yung persons....!t is indeed a library of itse.f and one of great value; ....It would be difficult to find one su erior to it. I would rec ommend it very strongly "

In 10 volumes elegant gilt cloth, or 20 vols plain cloth: price

ALSO,

This work has been entirely revised and with its new and elegant maps is the best work of its kind extant. It is designed as a school book-as a book for teachers, and a thorough training in the study of Geography is the object at which the author aims. He desires that the pupil shall not only learn and recite, but that the lesson shall be so learned and recited, that he shall ever after. carry in his mind clear, distinct and available outlines of the subject. Geogra phy is too often taught in a confused manner; and often, while the usual ground is gone over, and a vast amount of questions answer ed, clear views of the whole iel of study are actually never acquired, and consequently the entire subject vanishes from the mind as soon as the lessons are closed.

Peter Parley's New Geography for Beginners, notwithstanding the numerous imitations which have been from time to time urged upon the schools of our country, still stands unsurpassed in point of excellence. This work is now pub lished with colored maps.

Mrs. Lincoln's Botany-for clearness, simplicity and philosophic precision, there are few school books which hol a more pre-eminent rank than this, and few certainly have a wider and more deserved popularity

Kame's Elements of Criticism, the only complete edition new published

Phelps' Chemistry, 1 vol, 15, mo.

Do.

Do

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PHILOSOPHY,

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The elementary works on Botany, Chemistry, and Philosophy which are here offered are peculiarly adapted for the use of scholars in our District Schools 'They are clear and interesting exhibitions

of entertaining science adapted to the comprehension of children

for whom they are designed,

sebster's School Dictionary, are 16 mo. No. HIGH SCHOOL do. 12 mo. new edition,

$10 per set. Chambers' Cyclopædia of English Literature ; -A selection of the choicest productio:.s of English authors from the earliest to the present time; conuccted by a critical and bio-just published. Decidedly the most desirable School Fictionary in graphical history. Elited by Robert Chambers In two octav vols, with upwards of 300 elegant illustrations. Price, in cloth, $5 GULD). KENDALL & LINCOLN,

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use. The design of this volume is to furnish a vocabulary of the more common wor's which constitute the body of our languagé, with umerous technical terms in the arts and sciences any many words and phrases from other languages, which are often met with in English books. Subjoineʊ će vocabularies of Latin, Greek and Scripture proper names, and a list of modern Geographical names with their pronunciation as given by the latest authorities. The ORTHOGRAPHY and l'UNCTUATION in this volume are made to cor respond closely with the larger works of Ir. Webster, issued under the editorship of Prof. Goodrich of Yale College.

Pinney's Practical French Teacher, which is

VALUABLE SCHOOL BOOKS. by its superiority of method. rapidly superseding all other systems

TO which they very respectfully invi e the attention of School Committees, Teachers and others interested in the cause of educa

non. tion o BEST

B. & S. have for many years been engaged in the publica

Scho 1 Books, and their endeavor has been to obtain 'he orks--those made with reference to practical and sound metho Is of Teaching. The very flattering reception their publi cations have met from the first teachers in the country, is 'o them the best evidence of having in some degree attained the object To keep pace with all the late improvements in the science of teach ing, their books have undergone thorough revis:on, and upon examInation will compa e with the highest standard in each department. An Elementary Astronomy, for Academies and schools; illustrated by numerous original engravings and adapted to use with the author's large maps. By A Mattison, Fifth edition, with questions and glossary.

Astronomical Maps, adapted to use with the Elementary Astronomy, and designed to illustrate the mechanism of the heav ens. By H Mattison. The series consists of sixteen maps, each 3 by 3 feet, printed on a black ground, beautifully colored, and mounted on slats and rollers It is beyond comparison the most splendid and complete series of scientific charts ever published in

this country. They have been extensively introduced into the

schools of New York, ew Jersey and Massachusetts, and the pub lishers have received numerous testimonials of their excellence, from teachers of the highest merit. They should form a part of the school apparatus of every Disitret school in the country, for by their use a greater amount of astronomical knowledge oan be acquired in one month, than in six months by any other method. Teachers and trustees of schools are earnestly reque-ted not to expend their funds for any school apparatus whatever, till they have seen these maps.

Maps, per set, with cloth backs, and in case,

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on strong paper, not backed. in case,

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Pieces in Prose, Dialogues and Poetry, FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS.

Either in Declamation or Reading,

BY CHARLES NORTHEND, A. M.

Boot It is already introduced into many of the First attention of Teachers is particularly invited to this Schools in Massachusetts and this State, and meets with universal approbation. It contains the best selection of Dialogues of any similar Book published, and they are peculiarly adapted to break up that monotony of style in reading, so often experienced in our Schools, as well as to give life and animation to the exercise. The Book may be $20 obtained of W. J. Reynolds & Co., Boston; A. J. Bares & Co., New York City; E. H. Pease & Co., Albany; L. W. Hall Syracuse; Derby Miller & Co., Auburn; David Hoyt, Ro,

15

A copy of the Elementary Astronomy accompanies each set of the slaps, as a gratuity.

Burrit's Geography of the Heavens, is too well chester; Geo. H. Derby & Co., Buffalo; F. Hall, Elmira; known to require any commendation. Knowlton & Rice, Watertown, and of Booksellers generally, October 10, 1848,

The National Geography, illustrted by 200 engrav

ADAMS NEW ARITHMETIC,

REVISED EDITION.

PUBLII VIRGILII MARONIS CARMINA. With an introduction and notes. In one handsome 18mo. vol. ume, extra cloth. Price 75 cents.

VOLUME III. (Now READY.)

This valuable School Book contains the characteristics of the former edition, in a greatly improved form; with such corrections and additions as the wants of the times demand. C. CRISPI SALLUSTII CATALINA ET JUIt has been already very extensively adopted in place of the old edition, and is received with the most unqualified approval.

Adams's New Arithmetic is almost the only work on Arithmetic used in extensive sections of New England. It is used in every part of the United States; and in the State of New York, is the Text Book in ninety-three of the one hundred and fifty-five academies which reported to the Regents of the University in 1847. It has been adapted to the currency of, and re-published in Canada. It has been translated and republished in Greece. Notwithstanding the multiplication of Arithmet.cs, made up, many of them, of the material of this work, it has steadily increased in the public favor and de

mand.

ADAMS' ARITHMETICAL SERIES.

GURTHA.

With introduction and notes in English. Also, a map of Numidia, and other illustrative engravings. In one handsome 18mo. volume, extra cloth. Price 50 cents. To be followed by the works of other Classical authors prepared for Schools.

The high price of Classical School Books has long been a subject of complaint both to teacher and stud n'. Costly editions, overburdened with notes, have been in use, increasing the expenses of tuition with no corresponding benefit. The present series is designed to remedy this evil. While the works are correctly, clearly, and handsomely printed, with such illustrations as tend to elucidate the text, and foot notes to assist the learner, where assistance is required: they are furnished at a price so exceedingly low, tha they cannot fail to become in almost universal requisition. The series has been placed under the editorial management of two eminent scholars and practical teachers DR. SCHMITZ, Rector of the High School, Edinburgh, and R. ZUMPT, Professor in the University of Perlin, and wil combine the following advantages: 1. A gradually ascending series of School Books on a uniform plan, so as to constitute within a definite number, complete 2. Certain arrangements in the rudimentary vo umes which will insure a fair amount of knowledge in Roman literature to hose who are not designed for professional life, and who therefore will not require to extend their studies to the advanced portion of the series.

The attention of Preceptors of Academies, Teachers and Superintendents in our Common Schools, and all those inter ested in education, is invited to the full series of Arithmetical Works now published. Copies will be furnished for exami-Latin Curriculum. nation on application to either of the Publishers. I.-PRIMARY ARITHMETIC, OR MENTAL OPERATIONS IN NUMBERS;

Being an introduction to Adams's New Arithmetic, revised edition.

II.—ADAMS'S NEW ARITHMETIC, REVISED

EDITION;

3. The text of each author will be such as has been constituted !y the most recent collations of manuscripts, and will be prefaced by biographica' and critical sketches in English, that pupils tray be made aware of the character and peculiarities of the work they Pre about to study,

4. To remove difficulties, and sustain an interest in tl e text, ex

Being a revision of Adam's New Arithmetic, first publish planatory notes in English will be placed at the toot of each page, ed in 1827.

I!I.—K_Y TO THE REVISED EDITION OF

ADAMS'S NEW ARITHMETIC.

IV. MENSURATION, MECHANICAL
POWERS, AND MACHINERY.

and such comparisons drawn as may serve to unite the history of the past with th: realities of modern tim s

5. The works generally, will be embellished with maps and il lustrative engravings,—a companyn.ents which wil greatly as sist the student's comprehension of the countries and leading circumstances described.

6. The respective volumes will be issued at a prise consi ́erably less than that usually charged; and as th. texts are from the most emi

The principles of mensuration analytically explained, and nent sources, and the whole series construc.ed upon a determina:epractically applied to the

plan, the practice of issuing new and altered editions, which is complained of alike by teachers and pupils, will be altogether

MEASUREMENT OF LINES, SUPERFICES, AND avoided.
SOLIDS;

Also, a philosophical explanation of the

SIMPLE MECHANICAL POWERS,

and their application to

MACHINERY.

From ELWARD NORTH, Dexter Professor of Classical Literature,
Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y, Sept. 3 1847.
Your pian of republishing the Classical Series of Chambers'
Educational Course' is one that will bring you in a large harvest
of thanks from the scholars of our country. The names of Urs
Schmitz and Zumpt in conuec.ion with the cheapness and typo
graphical beauty of the works, will doubtless creat a large demand
for them; and wherever they go, they will discharge an important

Designed to follow Adams's New Arithmetic. (In press.) mission by reviving and extending the love of classical ending.

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It will yield me pleasure to do what I can for the furthering of
his excellent enterprise.

From LYMAN COLEMAN, Professor of Latin, College of New Jersey,
Princeton, N. 1., Sept. 28, 1847.

I have examined carefully the copy of Caesar which you were kind enough to send to me. I am much pleased with the plan and execution of the work No higher authority could be desired, and ifully believe that the notes firnich all the aid that the scholar ought to have.

From REV. B R. HALL, A. M., Profe sor of Ancient Larguages in the Classical and Math ma ical Institute, Newburgh, Orange County, New York, Sept. 7, 1847.

I like it because it is nent, small, and not overburdened with notes-the bane of al learning *** * I shall certainly recom mend my pupils to get this edition.

From Amмi В. HYDE, Professor of Languages in the Oneida Conference Seminary, Cazenovia, New York, Sept. 7, 1817.

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[No. XI.

Wells, in Hamilton county; Ellenburgh, in Clinton county; Pavilion, in Genesee county; China, in Wyoming county; the first and second wards of Schenectady, and the Commissioners of Common Schools of the city of Albany. The Town Superintendent of Schaghticoke, and the Commissioners of Common Schools of Albany, have rendered reports to this Department since the middle of December. Such negligence is inexcusable, for all the material for making their reports in due season, is either furnished or can be easily procured, previous to the first day of July, in each year.

The Trustees of school districts are required to make their reports between the first and fifteenth days of January in each year, and if they are not received by the Town Superintendents by the first Tuesday in April, the defaulting districts are not entitled to share in the public money to be apportioned during the succeeding year. The Town Superintendents have from the first Tuesday in April to the first Tuesday in August to make their reports, and deposit them in the office of the county Clerk. The county Clerk is required to prepare an abstract of the reports of the dent of Common Schools by the first of October in each Town Superintendents and transmit it to the Superintenyear. But very few of the county Clerks transmitted the required abstract in all the month of October, and several delayed till after the first of December. The negligence

I. A statement of the condition of the schools of the State. of others leaves the Superintendent less than one month to

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9. Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, and for the Blind.
10. General observations.

There are twelve incorporated cities in the State, divided into eighty-one wards. The fifty-nine counties in the State contain eight hundred and seventy-three towns, exclusive of the cities. Twenty new towns were erected by the Legislature of 1848.

The county clerks of every county have made abstracts of all the reports made to them by Superintendents, and it appears that every Town Superintendent in the State has made his report in due form, except the Superintendents of Schaghticoke, in Rensselaer county;!

prepare his annual report to the Legislature.

The county Clerks explain this delay, by charging neglect upon Town Superintendents, and these in turn cast the blame of their delinquency upon the Trustees.

The Superintendent, in pursuance of No. 47, § 22 of the School Laws, has directed the public money apportioned to the delinquent towns to be withheld, that being the penalty imposed upon the negligent officer. The Supervisor is authorized to sue for the sum thus lost to the town, and its remuneration will depend upon the responsibility of the delinquent.

If the report required by law is not made by the Trustees in due time and form, the penalty is the forfeiture of the share of the public money, which the district would otherwise receive from the Town Superintendent; and the Town Superintendent is not invested with any discretionary power to relieve the district from this penalty. Upon receiving a sufficient excuse from the Trustees, the State Superintendent is empowered to direct the Town Superintendent to apportion to the district its share of the public mo ney, notwithstanding the omission of duty by the Trustees. If the County Clerks were directed by law to date their abstracts on the first day of October, and to include in them only such towns as had reported previous to that date, subjecting the towns failing to report to an absolule forfeiture of the public money, it is believed that a rigid enforcement of the law for one year, would thereafter secure its prompt observance.

1. Of the Condition of the Schools. Under this head the Superintendent can only give such information as is contained in the reports of the Town Superintendents, abstracts of which are compiled by the County Clerks.

An attempt has been made to obtain from the Town

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