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[The manuscript from which the following letter and notes have been printed, was brought into this city in 1813, in a letter bag, taken from an English vessel by one of our privateers. It is addressed to Sir Joseph Banks, by the celebrated traveller, Burckhardt, alias Ibrahim. We have not been able, immediately, to procure a copy of his works; and are unable to say whether a duplicate of this second supplement of Notes to his treatise on the Bedouin Arabs, ever reached England, and was there published, or not. As, however, the writings of this traveller are known to us, in this country, only through the reviews, we have thought that these notes must be interesting to our readers. We shall continue their publication in the next number, with an account of the author.

The manuscript having been, in some places, slightly defaced, the conjectural insertions are marked by brackets.]

To the Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B., President of the Royal Society, Soho Square, London.

Cairo, the 18th Dec. 1812.

DEAR SIR-I had the honour of writing to you from here on the 12th of September and 18th of November. My last was accompanied by the journal of my journey through Arabia Petræa. I enclose at present some additional notes and comments concerning the description of the Bedouin nation, and their various tribes in the vicinity of Syria.

In want of a conveyance to the westward, I have so long tarried at Cairo, in order to wait for the decrease of the Nile. I have already mentioned to you, in my last, the project of penetrating along the Nile, into Nubia, in the direction of [Dongola.] For I am led to think that the exploring of the country beyond [Dongola,] which is the most southern point on the Nile's banks, north of Senaar, which European travellers have reached, would be a valuable increase to African geography. The wish of getting acquainted with the inhabitants of Upper Egypt and the Berebra, as well as with the African Bedouins, makes me prefer the mode of travelling by land to that by water, which latter is generally adopted, in visiting the Nile valJey, up to the first cataract, as being the less fatiguing, and the more secure; although it is subjected to great disadvantages, and to very considerable expenses. I hope to be able to start upon this journey next week. The inland canals of Egypt are now dried up, and therefore passable. I am accompanied by a faithful servant. We are both armed, and mounted upon asses, which is the most common vehicle of Egypt. The Pasha, who is more liberal a man than any Tuskish governor I ever knew, has furnished me with the necessary letters of recommendation, in the manner I desired them to be written out; and I have credits for several merchants of Upper Egypt, as Vol. I. No. IV.

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far as Ibrim, the chief town of the Berebra, south of the cataract. As far as I can judge at present, I hope to be back towards the month of June; for I may probably find it expedient to abridge my journey, by returning by water.

A caravan from the westward is expected to arrive before July. The merchants generally remain for a couple of months in Cairo. I shall, therefore, have sufficient time, after my return, to prepare for my journey to Fezzan.

An

I have visited the neighbourhood of this town, the pyramids, &c.; but shall not intrude upon your patience, in attempting to give you a description of what has been for years the subject of so many accurate inquiries, as well as learned tales. Egyptian traveller, indeed, finds at present little work left to do, except for the pencil, if it is not to describe the state and customs of the lower [class,] which have been too much neglected. The peasant's cottage and the Bedouin's hut are generally overlooked, when a magnificent ruin of Osiris' Temple is in view.

Some individuals belonging to the caravan of the Twatees, which was here at my arrival, gave the following account of Mr. Horneman. Two Englishmen, they said, who had lately turned Turks, had joined their caravan in Cairo in the time of the French invasion, to proceed with them to Fezzan. They were ill treated on the road by the people of Sirvah. Arrived at Fezzan, one of them died; the other went to Tripoli, in order to take up money from the English consul, and again returned to Fezzan, from whence he proceeded towards Burnu, and has since never been heard of. This well agrees with Horneman's account, and the death of his companion, as mentioned in his last letters to the association. It shows that he was known to be an European. The knowledge of his origin might probably not affect his security, during his residence at Fezzan, whose inhabitants are, in some measure, dependent upon Tripoli, and cannot be strangers to the reputation the Frank name enjoys in the Levant. But if the report of his being an Englishman followed him into Soudan, the news of Mr. M. Park's expedition may probably have endangered the success of his own enterprize. I understand, that some hopes are entertained in England, of Mr. Horneman's having reached Abyssinia, by the report that a white man had been seen in that country. Besides that the appearance of a white man is not so great a curiosity in Abyssinia, as to make it an object of public news, the report, if traced to its source, might perhaps he found to relate to another traveller, whom I have lately seen here. Mr. Boenike, a Hanoverian, or, as he called himself, Frank, had gone

over from Portugal to Barbary, four years ago, in order to put his project in execution, of visiting the interior of Africa. After having staid half a year at Fez, he reached Tafilez and Sedjelmessa, on the east side of Mount Atlas, both of which towns stand in direct intercourse with Tombuctoo; but it seems that the principal trade of that town is in the hands of the inhabitants of Tuat, an independent Oasis, fourteen days journey S. E. of Tafilez. Finding himself in total want of cash, he was unable to proceed to Tuat and Tombuctoo, and returned afterwards to the coast. He departed from thence for the Morea, and arrived last year in Egypt, a country which he had already visited eight years ago, when he had likewise seen Syria. An English gentleman, Mr. Boughton, was then preparing for a journey into Upper Egypt. Mr. Boenike accompanied him as interpreter; and left him, on his return from Assonan, at Kenne; for he had now conceived the plan of entering Africa by the Abyssinian side. He proceeded to Koss * * * from thence to Djidda and Massuah. But the same

cause which had already once put a stop to his pursuits, again prevented him, from succeeding. After having entered the mountainous country called Hamzeen, north of Axum, in a western direction from Massuah, and pushed on as far as nine days journey from the coast, he unfortunately saw that it was impossible to proceed, without having money sufficient to pay a guide; and he had already spent down to the last farthing of his cash. The depression of his spirits operated upon his health. He fell seriously ill, and would probably have fallen a victim to his bold enterprize, had it not been for the charity of a common prostitute, who spoke Arabic, and nursed him in her miserable hut for several weeks. The country he had passed through was perfectly quiet; the people, throughout, hospitable, and the roads safe. With a hundred dollars in his pocket, he would have thought himself capable of visiting Gondar, and the whole kingdom; provided he had a gun to defend himself against the wild beasts, which he represents as innumerable in the woods through which his road lay. Alone, without any companion, he traced his way back to the coast, was lucky enough to find his way back for Djidda, and from thence to Yambo, where Tonsoun Pasha, the commander of the expedition against the Wahabees, then resided. He found here a protector in the person of Tonsoun Pasha's first household officer and treasurer, an Englishman, taken prisoner in the Rosetta affair, who had afterwards turned Turk, and is now his master's favourite. He equipped him in clothes, and sent him, passage free, to Suez, from whence Mr. Boenike returned in

August last to Cairo. He proceeded in September to Alexandria, with the intention of returning home to Hanover. Mr. B. speaks but little Arabic, and is of a weak constitution. All his acquaintances give him a very high character. It is a pity that he despises money too much, although experience has taught him, that a little of it is every where necessary. He has thus neglected all means of getting a livelihood, which he might easily have got, (having long ago publicly embraced the Turkish faith,) and which might have enabled him to spare a sum sufficient for his travelling plans. But it is still more to be regretted that he is without any literary education. He never kept a journal during the whole time of his travels. An invincible desire of seeing, rather than of examining, foreign unknown countries, hurried him on. If his foresight were equal to his ardour, he would, ere now, have succeeded in Africa.

At the time of my arrival in Aleppo, I had taken once the opportunity of mentioning to you the name of Aly Bey el Abassy, a European, travelling as a Turk, who had passed through Syria, coming from Egypt. I suggested then my belief of his being Badia, the Spaniard, whose portrait I had seen in your library room. I was not mistaken. This mysterious person that had set all the consuls and Europeans in the Levant in motion, is known to nobody but to the Spanish consul in Egypt, who had furnished him with funds for his travelling expenses, against his bills upon the Prince of Peace. These bills, to the amount of 48,000 piastres, were not honoured, because they reached Madrid at the breaking out of the Spanish revolution. Badia's papers, containing the account of his travels to Mekka and Medina, and of his meeting with the Wahabee chief, were deposited at the consul's, and were now sequestered by him, together with many other effects belonging to Badia, until that sum should be repaid. But ever since Badia's arrival in Constantinople, in 1807, nothing has been heard of him any more. A belief was entertained at Aleppo of his being still with the Prince of Peace, from the report of a person who thought to have recognized him in the retinue of king Charles IV. at Marseilles. The Spanish vice consuls of Aleppo and Acre have deposits of other papers and effects belonging to the same traveller, who did not wish to expose them to the chances of a journey over land to Constantinople.

Badia arrived in Egypt, by sea, from Tunis, having been obliged to quit the kingdom of Fez, after having been in great favour with the emperor. The summer-houses in the European style, which were built under his direction for the em

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