money due to any such owner, or to obtain any such grant of land, or such scrip or allowance in lieu thereof as aforesaid, as if such offender were the true and lawful owner; or

(d.) forges any name, handwriting or signature purporting to be the name, handwriting or signature of a witness attesting the execution of any power of attorney or other authority to transfer any share or interest of or in any such stock, annuity, public fund or capital stock, or grant of land or scrip or allowance in lieu thereof, or to receive any dividend or money payable in respect of any such share or interest; or

(e.) offers, utters, disposes of or puts off any such power of attorney or other authority, with any such forged name, handwriting or signature thereon. knowing the same to be forged.

ARTICLE 494.

MAKING FALSE ENTRIES IN BOOKS OF PUBLIC FUNDS.

2

Every one is guilty of felony and liable to imprisonment for life, who, with intent to defraud does any of the following things in respect of any of the books of account kept by the Government of Canada, or of any Province of Canada, or of any bank at which any of the books of account of the Government of Canada or of any Province of Canada are kept, wherein are entered or kept the accounts of the owners of any stock, annuities or other public funds, which now are or hereafter may be transferable in such books, that is to say :

(a.) wilfully makes any false entry therein;

(b.) wilfully alters any word or figure therein; (c.) in any manner wilfully falsifies any of the accounts of any of such owners in any of such books; or

(d.) wilfully makes any transfer of any share or interest of or in any such stock, annuity or other public fund in

1 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 10; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 4.

2 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 11; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 5.

the name of any person who is not the true and lawful owner thereof.

ARTICLE 495.

MAKING FALSE DIVIDEND WARRANTS.

2 Every clerk, officer or servant of, or person employed or entrusted by, the Government of Canada, or of any Province of Canada, or by any bank in which any of such books and accounts as are mentioned in the Article next preceding is kept, is guilty of felony and liable to seven years' imprisonment, who, knowingly and with intent to defraud, makes out or delivers any dividend warrant, or warrant for payment of any annuity, interest or money payable as aforesaid, for a greater or less amount than the person on whose behalf such warrant is made out is entitled to.

3 ARTICLE 496.

FORGERY OF ENTRIES IN REGISTERS OF BIRTH, BAPTISMS, MARRIAGES, DEATHS, BURIALS AND OTHER

4

OFFENCES RESPECTING SUCH

REGISTERS.

5

* Every one is guilty of felony and liable to imprisonment for life who does any of the following things in respect of any register of births, baptisms, marriages, deaths or burials, authorized or required to be kept in Canada, or in any Province of Canada, that is to say:

(a.) forges or fraudulently alters in any such register any entry relating to any birth, baptism, marriage, death or burial, or any part of any such register, or any certified copy of such register, or of any part thereof; or

1 S. D. Art. 361 (h.)

2 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 12 ; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 6.

3 S. D. Art. 359 (d.)

4 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 43; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 36.

5 As to other registers, see Art. 503.

(b.) knowingly and unlawfully inserts, or causes or permits to be inserted, in any such register, or in any certified copy thereof, any false entry of any matter relating to any birth, baptism, marriage, death or burial; or

(c.) knowingly and unlawfully gives any false certificate relating to any birth, baptism, marriage, death or burial, or certifies any writing to be a copy or extract from any such register, knowing such writing, or the part of such register whereof such copy or extract is so given, to be false in any material particular; or

(d) forges or counterfeits the seal of or belonging to any registry office or burial board; or

(e.) offers, utters, disposes of or puts off any such register, entry, certified copy, certificate or seal, knowing the same to be false, forged or altered, or any copy of1 any entry in any such register, knowing such entry to be false, forged or altered; or

(f) unlawfully destroys, defaces or injures, or causes or permits to be destroyed, defaced or injured, any such register, or any part of any such register, or any certified copy of any such register, or of any part thereof.

2 ARTICLE 497.

FORGERY AND OTHER OFFENCES RESPECTING COPIES OF

3

REGISTERS.

Every one is guilty of felony and liable to imprisonment for life who does any of the following things in respect of any copy of any register directed or required by law to be transmitted to any registrar or other officer, that is to say:

(a.) knowingly and wilfully inserts, or causes or per

1 In the statute, instead of "of," the word "or" occurs.

There is the same clerical error in 32 and 33 Vict. (D), c. 19 s. 42. from which R. S. C. c. 165, s. 43 is taken. The word" of" is used in the English Act.

S. D. Art. 359 (e.)

R. S. C. c. 165, s. 44; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 37.

mits to be inserted therein, any false entry of any matter relating to any1 baptism, marriage or burial; or

(b.) forges or alters, or offers, utters, disposes of or puts off, knowing the same to be forged or altered, any copy of any such register; or

(c) knowingly or wilfully signs or verifies any copy of any such register, such copy being false in any part thereof, knowing the same to be false; or

(d.) unlawfully destroys, defaces or injures, or for any fraudulent purpose, takes from its place of deposit, or conceals, any such copy of any register.

FORGERY

OF

2 ARTICLE 498.

DEBENTURES.

GOVERNMENT AND BANK

BILLS AND NOTES, ETC.-DEEDS, BONDS, ETC.

WILLS-BILLS OF EXCHANGE-ORDERS,

RECEIPTS.

Every one is guilty of felony and liable to imprisonment for life who, with intent to defraud, forges or alters, or offers, utters, disposes of or puts off, knowing the same to be forged or altered,

(a.) any debenture or other security, issued under the authority of any Act of the Parliament of Canada, or of the Legislature of any Province of Canada, or any exchequer bill or exchequer bond, or any Dominion or Provincial note, or any endorsement on or assignment of any such debenture, exchequer bill or exchequer bond

1 The word birth seems to be wanted here.

2S. D. Art. 359 (b).

3 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 13; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 8.

64

Every officer charged with the receipt or disbursement of public moneys, every officer of any bank doing business in Canada, and every person acting as or employed by any banker, shall stamp or write in plain letters the word Counterfeit," Altered or "Worthless" upon every counterfeit or frandulent note issued in the form of a Dominion or bank note, and intended to circulate as money, which is presented to him at his place of business; and if such officer or person wrongfully stamps any genuine notehe shall, upon presentation, redeem it at the face value thereof; 50-51 Vict. c. 47 s. 1.

or other security issued under such authority, or any coupon, receipt or certificate for interest accruing thereon, or any scrip in lieu of land; or

1

(b.) any note or bill of exchange of any body corporate, company or person carrying on the business of bankers, commonly called a bank note, a bank bill of exchange or bank post bill, or any endorsement on or assignment of any bank note, bank bill of exchange or bank post bill; or

(c.) any deed or any bond or writing obligatory, or any assignment at law or in equity of any such bond or writing obligatory, or any name, handwriting or signature purporting to be the name, handwriting or signature of a witness attesting the execution of any deed, bond or writing obligatory; or

3

(d.) any will, testament, codicil, or testamentary instrument; or

4

(e.) any bill of exchange, or any acceptance, endorsement or assignment of any bill of exchange, or any promissory note for the payment of money, or any endorsement on or assignment of any such promissory note: or (f) any undertaking, warrant, order, authority or

5

1 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 18; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 12.

R. S. C. c. 165, s. 26; 24 & 25 Viet. c. 93, s. 20. It is not material that any document described in clauses (c), (d), (e) and (ƒ) is in any Act designated by some other special name or description (R. S. C. c. 165, s. 47); nor in what place the money thereby payable, or secured is or purports to be payable, nor in what language the same or any part thereof is expressed, nor whether the same is or is not under seal; (s. 49); nor in what place any writing or matter the forging, &c., of which is an offence under R. S. C. c. 165 purports to be made, or has been made, nor in what language the same or any part thereof is expressed (s. 48).

R. S. C. c. 165, s. 27; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 21.

4 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 28; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 22.

[A agrees to pay B for goods by his, A's, acceptance, and that he, A, will accept it, and procure its endorsement by C. B sends a form for acceptance accordingly, but with no drawer's name. A accepts it and forges C's endorsement to it. He cannot be indicted under this section, but probably might be convicted of a common law forgery: R. v. Harper, L. R. 7 Q. B. D. 78.] See R. v. McFee, 13 0. R. 8. A forged paper purporting to be a bank note may be a promissory note; R. v. McDonald, 12 U. C. Q. B. 543. 5 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 29; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 23.

[As to what is not a receipt, see R. v. French, L. R. 1 C. C. R. 217. An I. O. U an undertaking for payment of money; R. v. Chambers, L. R. 1 C. C. R. 341.

may be

A turn