41316 to 41341-Continued. (Quoted notes by Mr. O. F. Cook.) ber and continues until April, coming probably from different altitudes. The size is that of a rather small cherry and the color a deep reddish purple, becoming nearly black with maturity. The leaves, stems, and bark are strongly charged with prussic acid and are very bitter to the taste. The trees are usually 20 to 30 feet high, but often of large size, 40 feet or over, with trunks 2 feet in diameter. Many are found in a wild or half-wild state, quite independent of cultivation. This was observed particularly in the neighborhood of Sicuani at an elevation of about 12,000 feet. Nevertheless, it is not certain that the species is a native of Peru. At Lima the same name, capuli, is applied to an altogether different type, a small plant of the genus Physalis, related to the tomato, but with the fruits small and inclosed in a large papery calyx like the socalled strawberry tomato, known in some parts of the United States. As the capuli tree appears to be a healthy, vigorous, rapid-growing type, it may be worthy of a trial along the Pacific coast. The possibility of using it as a stock for other cherries or for the production of desirable hybrids is also worth considering, but the species is not closely related to our cultivated cherries and may need to be looked upon as a distinct type to be improved through selection rather than by hybridization." 41329. DATURA SANGUINEA Ruiz and Pavon. Solanaceæ.

Puca campacho.

“(No. 1915. Peru, July 14, 1915.) Seeds from above Pinasniocj, Panticalla Pass, at an altitude of about 12,000 feet. A large treelike species, somewhat smaller than D. arborea, with smaller leaves and more narrowly tubular flowers. The corolla tube is green at the base, orange yellow in the middle, and scarlet at the mouth. In addition to these striking differences, the species should be much more hardy than D. arborea, which appears in Peru to be a native of the lower tropical valleys, while D. sanguinea extends to the high altitudes where heavy frosts are encountered every night."

41330. LUPINUS CRUCKSHANKSII Hooker. Fabaceæ.

Tarhui.

"(No. 1919. Seeds from Ollantaytambo, Peru, July 20, 1915.) Apparently a native species, commonly cultivated at altitudes of 9,000 to 11,000 feet. The pods are very thick and fleshy, with distinct but not prominent irregular veins; the surface glaucous and somewhat pubescent, but not very densely so. Flowers very handsome, the banner erect, blue at the sides, then white, but yellow in the lower half of the middle, the lower petals deeply blue, covering the whitish keel. Flowers usually in whorls of five, four, or three. Leaves naked above, sparsely hairy beneath, glaucous. Seeds pure white. Said not to yield very well. After being ground into meal this has to be soaked several days in running water to extract the bitter taste; considered a delicacy, notwithstanding the difficulty of preparation.”

41331. PASSIFLORA SP. Passifloraceæ.

Tumbo.

"(No. 1922. Seeds from Ollantaytambo, Peru, July 19, 1915.) Leaves somewhat like that of the Tinta species, but upper surface much smoother and under surface not so cottony. Flowers without fringe, very similar to those from Tinta, except for the absence of tentacles, involucre with bracts united, and fruit with yellow pulp, attaining a length of 3 cm. and a width of 4 cm. The skin surrounding the pulp very thin and tough, surface of fruit strongly pubescent, with simple

41316 to 41341-Continued. (Quoted notes by Mr. O. F. Cook.) erect hairs, but surface of calyx tube naked. The pulp has a rather strong, distinctly acid taste, quite different from most other edible Passifloras. It might not find favor with the American public, but is distinctly worth trying. There is a decided tang, something like that of a tomato. The plant is found commonly growing by roadsides around Ollantaytambo, in places altogether uncultivated, and may be considered a native of this district."

41332. LUCUMA OBOVATA H. B. K. Sapotaceæ.

Lucuma.

"(No. 1925. Seeds from Ollantaytambo, Peru, June 10, 1915.) The lucuma is a popular fruit tree in Peru. It is closely related botanically to the sapote and injerto of Central America, but the quality of the fruit is entirely different. The flesh is very rich and mealy, more like a cooked sweet potato than like the related fruits. The tree is also of a very compact habit of growth, with the rather small obovate leaves clustered closely near the ends of the branches. Another difference is that the lucuma grows and produces fruit at a much higher altitude than the sapote, attaining about 9,500 feet at Ollantaytambo, so that there would seem to be a much better chance for the lucuma in California or Florida than for the sapote."

41333. CAESALPINIA PECTINATA Cav. Cæsalpiniaceæ.

(Caesalpinia tinctoria Domb.)

Tara.

"(No. 2046. From Peru, July 17, 1915.) Seed from Urubamba Valley, between Torontoy and Ollantaytambo. Like S. P. I. No. 41323, but from a different tree."

41334. JUGLANS sp. Juglandaceæ.

Nogal.

"(No. 2047. Seeds from Ollantaytambo, Peru, July 22, 1915.) A native walnut cultivated sparingly at Ollantaytambo and in the valley above and below. Its chief use is to furnish a dye to give sheep's wool the brown color of the high-priced vicuña ponchos. The leaves and bark of the tree are used for dyeing, the coloring material being extracted by beating and boiling. The nuts are as large as English or Persian walnuts, but the shell is much thicker. The tree is rather small and slender, with large graceful leaves, reminding one of the sumac or Ailanthus. Of interest for breeding purposes or for ornamental planting along the Pacific coast or in Florida. Probably a native of the valleys of the eastern slopes of the Andes."

41335. CHENOPODIUM HASTATUM Philippi. Chenopodiaceæ. Cañihua.
"(No. 2148. Seeds from Cuzco, Peru, July 20, 1915.) A second culti-
vated species of Chenopodium, grown only at very high altitudes. Seen
only in the valley on either side of the Pass of La Raya. Both the plant and
the seeds are much smaller than the quinoa. Cañihua is usually planted
after potatoes, with no attempt at other cultivation. The seeds are toasted
and ground into meal. The cañihua is used chiefly as a travel ration
and by shepherds who go out with their flocks on the Andean pastures."
For an illustration of the cañihua, see Plate IV.
41336. CUCURBITA sp. Cucurbitaceæ.

Zapallo macri.

"(No. 2049. Seeds from Lima, Peru, August 16, 1915.) Very large fruits, attaining 2 feet in diameter, globose-ovate, fusiform, or depressed. Surface either light gray, deeper bluish gray, or yellowish, smooth or with shallow furrows or with scattered corky lines."

THE TARA, A NEW PLANT FOR HEDGES AND WINDBREAKS, FROM PERU (CAESALPINIA PECTINATA CAv.), S. P. I. No. 41323.

An upright shrub or small tree, often planted for hedges in parts of Peru. The habit of growth of the tara peculiarly fits it for a hedge plant or windbreak. The trunk or trunks are upright, with a few spreading branches near the top, and the bark is studded with short spines. Tara pods are a regular article of trade in the market of Lima, and are said to be used for dyeing, tanning leather, and making ink. This plant should prove valuable in many situations in the South. (Photographed, natural size, by the Yale University-National Geographic Society Expedition, July, 1915; P17974CA.)

No. 41326.

A handsome tree, producing clusters of white flowers for a long period during the winter months. It thrives in the high valleys of Peru at altitudes of 9,000 to 11,000 feet. Here it attains a height of 40 to 50 feet and a diameter of 2 to 4 feet. In the lower valleys, where the climate is dry, this tree grows intermingled with cacti and other desert vegetation, but it seldom attains there a height of over 15 feet. It has not heretofore been grown in the United States. (Photographed, natural size, by the Yale University-National Geographic Society Expedition, July, 1915; P17890CA.)