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CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
Obligations of the world to Columbus; His claim to the original dis-
covery of America disputed; The Northmen; Madoc of Wales;
Merit of Columbus; Henry Seventh of England; Voyage of John
Cabot; of Sebastian; Causes of delay in colonizing North America;
Henry Eighth; Edward Sixth; Mary; Character of Elizabeth; Her
patent to Sir Humphrey Gilbert; Sir Walter Raleigh; Voyage of
Amidas and Barlow; They land on Wococon Island; Charms of the
country; Manners of the natives; Return to England; Elizabeth
bestows a name; Sir Richard Grenville; Attempt at settlement;
Ralph Lane's excursion up the Chowan River; Thomas Heriot; Con-
flicts with the Indians; Arrival of Sir Francis Drake; The settle-
ment deserted; Grenville's small colony; John White arrives; Birth
of Virginia Dare; White returns to England; Raleigh extends to
others the benefit of his patent; Governor White comes again to
Roanoke, but finds not the settlers; Their probable fate; Death of
Grenville; of Walter Raleigh
19
CHAPTER II.
Elizabeth dies; Is succeeded by James I.; His character; Progress of
liberty in England; General activity and excitement; Desire for
colonizing; Peace with Spain; One of its effects; Bartholomew Gos-
His successful voyage; Richard Hakluyt; Charter granted
by King James to the London and Plymouth Companies; Prepara-
nold;
tions for the voyage; The King's articles of instruction; Their pro-
minent traits considered; First colonists to Virginia; Cavaliers;
Gentlemen; Few labourers or mechanics; They sail from Black-
wall; Are driven to Chesapeake Bay; The River Powhatan ; James-
town; Captain John Smith; His early history; Secret correspon-
dence; Three duels; Smith a captive in Tartary; His arrival in
Virginia; Visit to King Powhatan; Distress of the colonists; Presi-
dent Wingfield; The aborigines; Tribes in Virginia; Giants; Man-
ners of the natives; Women; Learning and oratory; Religion;
Government and laws; Their gradual decay in America; Conflict
of Smith with the savages; Approach of winter
69
CHAPTER III.
Smith's excursion up the Chickahominy River; He is captured by the
natives; Indian superstition; The prisoner conducted in triumph
through several tribes; Brought before Powhatan; The Princess
Pocahontas; She saves the life of the captive; Smith's return to
Jamestown; Levitical law; Arrival of Newport; Blue beads and
Indian corn; A river of gold; Sand and cedar; Smith's first voyage
of exploration; The Potomac; An adventure; The second voyage;
The Susquehanoc Indians; Fight with the Rappahannocs; The
Nansemonds; Return; Smith made president; Newport's third ar-
rival; Coronation of Powhatan; Jealousy and discord among the
settlers; Disappointment of the London Council; Smith's letter; He
visits Powhatan; Danger of the English; They are preserved by
Pocahontas; Heroism of Smith; His influence with the savages;
German traitors; Arrival of Argal; Second Charter of King James;
Lord Delaware governor; A fleet for Virginia; A storm; Sir George
Somers wrecked on the Bermuda Islands; He sails for Virginia; A
scene of wretchedness; Materials for the colony; Discord; Sedition;
Accident to Smith; He leaves Virginia; Idleness; Profligacy;
Disease; Starvation; Death; Arrival of Somers; The colonists
abandon the settlement; They meet Lord Delaware in the river;
Return to Jamestown,
-
. 119
Lord Delaware; Death of Sir George Somers; The governor's health
fails; Sir Thomas Dale, High Marshal of Virginia; Sir Thomas
Smith's martial law; Its expediency; Third Charter of James; The
London Company; Seizure of Pocahontas; Her intermarriage with
Rolfe; Peace with the Indians; Argal captures Port Royal; Baptism
of Pocahontas; Tobacco; Dale embarks for England, accompanied
by Rolfe and Pocahontas; Captain Smith and his preserver; Death
of Pocahontas; Her descendants; Uttamatomakkin; Argal deputy
governor; Death of Lord Delaware; of Raleigh; of King Pow.
hatan; Argal's tyranny; First General Assembly; Convicts sent to
Virginia; Dispute with King James concerning tobacco; Negro
slaves introduced; Women imported; Sir Francis Wyatt; Opecan-
canough; Indian massacre; Its disastrous effects; King James op-
presses the London Company; Their noble independence; Royal
commissioners in Virginia; Writ of quo warranto; Earliest laws of
the Assembly; King dissolves the London Company; He prepares
to issue new laws for Virginia; His death - 179
CHAPTER V.
Character of Charles I.; His Proclamation concerning the colony; The
representative government continues; Indian war; Death of Sir
George Yeardley; Proposals of the King; Rejected by the As-
sembly; George Calvert, Lord Baltimore; He refuses to take the
oath of supremacy in Virginia; Sir John Hervey; Good and evil of
his administration; Settlement of Maryland; William Claiborne ;
Hervey deposed; Restored by the King; Tobacco laws; Sir William
Berkeley governor ; His character; Prosperous state of the colony ;
The Established Church; Intolerant laws; Indian hostilities; cap-
ture of Opecancanough; His death; Increase of population; Ship-
ping; Rebellion in England; Execution of Charles I.; Ordinance of
the Long Parliament; Virginia remains loyal; Fleet sent to subdue
her; Resistance; Honourable surrender; Independence under the
Protectorate; Samuel Matthews governor; His death; Election of
Sir William Berkeley by the Assembly; Restoration of Charles II. 255
CHAPTER VI.
Joy of the colonists because of the Restoration; Their folly; Quakers
in America; Laws against them; New commission from the King
to Berkeley; Navigation laws enacted by the English Parliament;
Their oppressive effect in Virginia; An Assembly of royalists;
Conspiracy of the Oliverians; Promptly crushed by the governor;
Grant of Charles to Culpeper and Arlington; Assembly in vain
seeks redress; Expedition of Captain Batte; Grievances of the
colony; General discontent; Indian murders; Nathaniel Bacon; His
character; He is chosen by the people to lead them against the
Indians; Asks a commission from the governor, which is not
granted; Marches against the savages; A new Assembly; Bacon is
made captive; He is released; Laws of a free legislature; Berkeley
still refuses a commission; Bacon's conduct; Governor leaves
Jamestown; Rebellion; Berkeley flies to Accomac; Meeting of Vir-
ginians at Middle Plantation; Bacon marches against the Indians;
Battle of Bloody Run; Bland and Carver; Berkeley again in James-
town; Advance of the insurgents; Conflict; Defeat of the royalists;
Jamestown burned by Bacon; His successes; His death; Despon.
dency of the insurgents; Execution of Thomas Hansford; Of Wil-
ford; Of William Drummond; Martial law; Trial by jury; Exe-
cution of Giles Bland; Death of Lawrence; Berkeley's thirst for re-
venge; Assembly interferes; Death of Sir William Berkeley; Vir-
ginia before and after the rebellion
. 314
CHAPTER VII.
Royal commissioners; Robert Beverley persecuted; Lord Culpeper
arrives; His proceedings; His covetousness; Act of cohabitation;
Destruction of tobacco plants; Severe measures against the rioters;
Robert Beverley's wrongs; Assembly deprived of judicial power;
Howard of Effingham; Treaty with the Five Nations; Death of
Charles II.; Accession and character of James II.; Rebellion of
Monmouth; White slaves; Revolution in England; William, Prince
of Orange; Francis Nicholson governor; College of William and
Mary; Sir Edmund Andros in Virginia ; Nicholson again governor ;
Capture of a pirate; Nicholson's ambitious schemes; His proceed-
ing in New York; Edward Nott; Alexander Spotswood governor;
He promotes the welfare of the colony; His expanded views; Ex-
pedition across the Alleghany Mountains; Knights of the Golden
Horseshoe; Blackbeard the pirate; Spotswood superseded; William
Gooch governor; Expedition against Carthagena; Death of Com-
missary Blair; Of Colonel William Byrd; Governor Gooch's charge
to a grand jury; Capitol destroyed by fire; Departure of Gooch ;
Robert Dinwiddie governor
XV
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CHAPTER VIII.
Improvement in the colonies; Progress of knowledge; Benjamin Frank-
lin; French and English possessions in America; Encroachments of
the French; Ohio Company; French fort on the River Le Bœuf;
George Washington; Sent by Dinwiddie to the French commander
on the Ohio; His danger; His return; Preparations for war; Fort
Duquesne; Washington advances; Defeat and death of M. Jumon-
ville; The Great Meadows; Fort Necessity attacked by French and
Indians; Gallant defence; Honourable capitulation; Dinwiddie's Wild
plans; La Force, the prisoner; Major-General Edward Braddock;
His army marches from Fort Cumberland; Difficulties of the way;
Washington's advice; Braddock's confidence; Passage of the Mo-
nongahela; A battle in the forest; Total defeat of the English army;
Danger of Washington; Death of General Braddock; Colonel Dun-
bar retires to Philadelphia; Indian cruelties on the frontier of Vir-
ginia; Prowess of Samuel Bingaman; Washington's distress; Lord
Loudon commander-in-chief; Governor Dinwiddie leaves the colony;
His character; Francis Fauquier; William Pitt, Prime Minister of
England; General Forbes marches against Fort Duquesne; Defeat
of Major Grant; Heroism of Captain Bullet and his men ; Capture
of Fort Duquesne; Burial of the remains of Braddock's army ; Cam-
paigns of 1758 and 1759; Successes of England; Peace of Paris
in 1763
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