ζώων : 35 κατα τον επι 36 Deluge as in a manner universal; Δευκαλίωνος γενομενον κατακλυσμον εφθαρη τα πλείςα των ww In the Deluge, which happened in the time of Deucalion, almost all flesh died. Apollodorus having mentioned Deucalion v λagvanı, consigned to an ark, takes notice, upon his quitting it, of his offering up an immediate sacrifice, Au, to the God who delivered him. As he was the father of all mankind, the antients have made him a person of very extensive rule, and supposed him to have been a king. Sometimes he is described as monarch of the whole earth: at other times he is reduced to a petty king of Thessaly. He is mentioned by 37 Hellanicus in the latter capacity, who speaks of the deluge in his time, and of his building altars to the Gods. Apollonius Rhodius supposes him to have been a native of Greece, according to the common notion: but notwithstanding his prejudices, he gives so particular a character of him, that the true history cannot be mistaken. He makes him indeed the 35 Diodor. Sicul. I. 1. 36 Apollodor. 1. 1. p. 20. 37 Ότι δε και Δευκαλίων εβασίλευσε Θεσσαλίας, Ελλανικος εν πρωτο της Δευκαλίωνίας φησιν και ότι των δωδεκα θεών βωμος Δευκαλίων lógusato "Enλavixos a T auty. Schol. in Apollon. Rhod. 1.3. v. 1085. son of 3 Prometheus, the son of Japetus: but, in these antient mythological accounts, all genealogy must be entirely disregarded. 39 Ιαπετιονίδης αγαθον τεκε Δευκαλίωνα, Ὁς πρώτος ποίησε πολεις, και έδειματο νηες Though this character be not precisely true, yet we may learn, that the person represented was the first of men, through whom religious rites were renewed, cities built, and civil polity established in the world: none of which circumstances are applicable to any king of Greece. We are assured by 40 Philo, that Deucalion was Noah. Έλληνες μεν Δευκαλίωνα, Χαλδαίοι δὲ ΝΩΕ επονομαζεσιν, εφ' ε τον μεγαν κατακλυσμον συνεβη γενεσθαι. The Grecians call the person Deucalion, but the Chaldeans style him Noë; in whose time there happened the great eruption of waters. The Chaldeans likewise mentioned him by the name of Xisouthros. 38 He was the same as Prometheus, the person here called Japetionides. 39 Apollon. Rhod. 1. 3. v. 1085. 4ο Philo Jud. de præmio et pena. vol. 2. P. 412. 1 4* Ο Νωε Εισεθρος παρα Χαλδαίοις. That Deucalion was unduly adjudged by the people of Thessaly to their country solely, may be proved from his name occurring in different parts of the world; and always accompanied with some history of the deluge. The natives of Syria laid the same claim to him. He was supposed to have founded the temple at Hierapolis; where was a chasm, through which the waters after the deluge were said to have 4 retreated. He was likewise reported to have built the temple of Jupiter at Athens; where was a cavity of the same nature, and a like tradition, that the 43 waters of the flood passed off through this aperture. However groundless the notions may be of the waters having retreated through these passages, yet they shew what impressions of this event were retained by the Amonians, who introduced some history of it wherever they came. As different 41 Cedren. p. 11. 42 Lucian. de Deâ Syria. p. 883. 43 Όσον ες πηχυν το εδαφος διέςηκε" και λέγεσι, μετα την επομβρίαν την επι Δευκαλίωνος σύμβασαν, ὑπορυηκαν ταυτη το ύδως. Pausan. 1. 1. nations succeeded one another in these parts, and time produced a mixture of generations, they varied the history, and modelled it according to their notions and traditions; yet the ground work. was always true; and the event for a long time universally commemorated. Josephus, who seems to have been a person of extensive knowledge, and versed in the histories of nations, says, that this great occurrence was to be met with in the writings of all persons who treated of the first ages. He mentions Berosus of Chaldea, Hieronymus of Egypt, who wrote concerning the antiquities of Phenicia; also Mnaseas, Abydenus, Melon, and Nicolaus Damascenus, as writers by whom it was recorded: and adds, that it was taken notice of by many others. As we proceed towards the east, we shall find the traces of this event more vivid and determinate than those of Greece; and more conformable to the accounts of Moses. Eusebius has preserved a most valuable extract to this purpose from 45 Abydenus, which was taken from the 44 How various these accounts were, even in the same place, we may learn from Lucian. Πολλοί λογοι ελεγοντο των δι μεν έροι, οι δε εμφανεες, οι δε καρτα μυθωδέες, και άλλοι βαρβαροι, οι μεν τρισι Έλλησι ὁμολογέοντες. De Dea Syria. p. 882. 45 Σεισιθρος-δι Κρονος προσημαίνει μεν έσεσθαι πληθος ομβρων Δεσια πέμπτη επι δεκα· κελεύει δὲ παν, ότι γραμμάτων την εχόμενον εν Πλου archives of the Medes and Babylonians. This writer speaks of Noah as a king, whom he names Seisithrus; and says, that the flood began upon the fifteenth day of the month Desius: that during the prevalence of the waters Seisithrus sent out birds, that he might judge if the flood had subsided: but that the birds, not finding any resting place, returned to him again. This was repeated three times; when the birds were found to return with their feet stained with soil: by which he knew that the flood was abated. Upon this he quitted the ark; and was never more seen of men, being taken away by the gods from the earth. Abydenus concludes with a particular, in which all the eastern writers are unanimous, that the place of descent from the ark was in Armenia; and speaks of its remains being preserved for a long time. Plutarch mentions the Noachic 4 dove, 46 πολει τη εν Σιππαροισιν αποκρυψαι Σεισίθεος δε ταύτα επιτελέα ποιησας, ευθέως επ' Αρμενιες αναπλες, και παραυτικα μεν καταλαμβανε τα εκ θε8. Τρίτη δε ήμερα επειτα ων εκόπασε, μετηει των ορνίθων πειρην ποιεύμενος, εικε γην ιδοιεν τε ύδατος εκδυσαν. Αν δε, εκδεχομενε σφεας πελαγος αχανεος, απορεσαι όκη κατορμήσονται, παρα τον Σεισιθρον. επισω κομίζονται και επ' αυτησιν έτεραι. Ὡς δε τησι τρίτῃσιν εντυχεῖν, απίκατο γαρ δη πηλὲ καταπλεοι τις ταρσός, θεοι μιν εξ ανθρώπων αφανίζεσιν. Το δε πλοίον εν Αρμένη περίαπτα ξύλων αλεξιφάρμακα τοισιν επιχωρίοισι παρείχετο. Abyden. apud Euseb. Præp. Evang. 1. 9. c. 12. See also Cyril. contra Julian. 1. 1. p. 8. 45 5. Οι μεν εν μυθολογοι τῷ Δευκαλίων, φασι περιτεραν εκ λαρνακος |