the smaller streets on the west side shall open into the new street, except Vigolane, all the rest having access to them from that part of Swallow-street which remains, and through Swallow-street, into Piccadilly. On the east side, the only streets which will necessarily enter this street will be Brewer-street, as a continuation of Vigo-lane, Silver-street, Marlborough-street, and Argyle-street; thus in the whole extent from Piccadilly to Oxford-street there will be but four crossings on either side of the street, and carts and drays can carry on their traffic by means of the back streets, without interfering with the principal street. It will also be seen by the plan, that the whole communication from Charing Cross to Oxford-street, will be a boundary and complete separation between the streets and squares occupied by the nobility and gentry, and the narrow streets and meaner houses occupied by mechanics and the trading part of the community. A street so formed, of such ample breadth, and so circumstanced, being the nearest and most commodious approach from every part of the best inhabited quarters of the West and North-west ends of the town to Charing-cross, will be used by every one who has any thing to do with Westminster-ball, the Houses of Parliament, Treasury, Admiralty, or any other of the public offices in their vicinity; and shops appropriated to articles of taste and fashion will, when this new street shall become the great thoroughfare, range themselves along it, and the stream of fashion be diverted to a new street, where the footpath will be 15 feet wide, instead of 7 feet, and the carringe way double the width of that in Bond-street, and where there will be room for all the fashionable shops to be assembled in one street; and if the footpavements were to be covered by a LIGHT COLONNADE, surmounted by a balustrade, those who have daily intercourse with the public establishments in Westminster, may go two-thirds of the way on foot under cover, and those who have nothing to do but walk about and amuse themselves, may do so every day in the week, instead of being frequently confined many days together to their houses by rain; and such a covered colonnade would be of peculiar convenience to those who require daily exercise. The balustrades over the colonnades will form balconies to the lodg ing-rooms over the shops, from which the occupiers of the lodgings can ace and con verse with those passing in the carriages underneath, and which will add to the gaiety of the scene, and induce single men, and others, who only visit town oc casionally, to give a preference to such lodgings. Those who may fear that the shops un. der colonnades would be dark and gloomy, are requested to consider the great width (120 feet) of the street, and that the Mezzanines between the shops and lodging. rooms, necessary for the sleeping apartments of the proprietors of the shops, will make the colonnades very lofty; and that if small areas are made in the flats over the colonnade, immediately above the shop windows, and the projecting part of the windows roofed with glass, the arti cles in those windows having a light im mediately over them, such shops will be better lighted, and have a more brilliant effect, than by light received in the ordinary way; and those who may suppose that the pillars to support the colonnade may become nuisances, are requested to consider that they are not proposed to be square pillars, or piers, but round columus, the receding form of which will preclude any shelter to those who may be disposed to commit nuisances against them; and that they will be so far apart, and so small in diameter, that they will be no impediment to the return of any one pressed from the foot pavement to the carriage-way, and that even such accidents, from a pavement 15 feet wide, are scarcely ever liable to happen. The proposed street is described as entering Oxford-street at the point of junc tion of Swallow-street with King-street: and if Portland-place were elongated un til it should intersect Oxford-street, it would be exactly opposite that point of junction. Foley-house is immediately to be pulled down, and Portland place continued through Foley-house gar. dens, to their southern extremity, and this survey proposes to extend that con tinuation until it shall enter Oxfordstreet. The magnificent squares and streets north of Oxford-street are so numerous and extensive, that they form the largest portion of the fashionable part of the town; but for want of direct and suitable approaches, it has been always considered as a distant quarter; it is not yet forgot that Oxford-strect was once one of the turnpike-roads forming the boundary of the town; and the buildings even now retain something of the appearance of houses seen by the sides of roads imme diately diately round the metropolis. Crossing Oxford-street has always been a fashionable objection to the residences north of Oxford-street; to do away that impression it is proposed, that where the continuation of Portland-place with Oxford-street unites with the new street intended from Oxford-street to Piccadilly, namely, at the end of Swallow-street, a CIRCUS should be formed, Oxford-street crossing it from east to west, and the new street from south to north; in the centre of which CIRCUS, if a public monument were placed, as before described, for the crossing of Piccadilly, and the same colonnade and shops be continued round such circus, as recommended for the sides of the new street, the sensation of having passed Oxford-street will be entirely done away, and the two divisions of the town insensibly united in the best manner possible. There is no direct way from the end of Bond-street to the principal streets north of Oxford-road, which strengthens the impression of those two divisions of the town being distinct and separate; but Portland-place will form one continued street from Charing-cross, intersecting many of the principal strects north of Oxford-street at right angles, and afford the nearest and best communication from Charing-cross, and the lower parts of Westminster, to every part of that magnificent and extensive neighbourhood; and if the utility of such a street to that part of the parish of Mary-le-bone would be so great, the advantage of it to the crown lands of Mary-le-bone Park would be incalculable; no part of the unbuilt ground aurrounding the town would have so good or so direct an approach; and in the future enlargement of the town, the north west part of Mary-le-bone must have a preference to every other situation. By the straight direction of this street, Mary le-bone Park is brought nearer the Houses of Parliament, Courts of Law, the Treasury, Admiralty, &c. than many other parts of the town, in the highest request of fashion; it is within 170 yards as near as the nearest part of Grosvenor-place, and half a mile nearer than the lower end of that street; it is within 80 yards as near as the west side of Grosvenor square, and 70 yards nearer than the nearest end of Upper Brook-street, and 300 yards nearer than the upper end of Upper Grosvenor-street; it is within 90 yards as near as Stanhope-street; it is more than one-third of a mile nearer than Portman-square or Manchester square; it is three quarters of a mile nearer than the upper end of Park-lane, Cumberland-place, &c. and, incredible as it may appear, it will be only 50 yards further to Mary-le-bone Park, at the ex treme end of Portland-place, than it is by the present circuitous route to the entrance of Cavendish-square, and 50 yards nearer than it is to the north side of that square. Such are the advantages of a direct street; and if, as the late surveyorgeneral observes, "distance is best mea sured by time," Mary-le-bone Park, being without the impediments and interrup tions of turning corners and crossing streets, will be nearer to the Houses of Parliament, courts of law, and public offices, than four parts out of five of the principal residences in the west and north-west ends of the town. Such are the advantages, and such will be the utility, of the street proposed. The beauty of the town, it is presumed, would be advanced by a street of such magnificent dimensions: by the coLONNADES and BALUSTRADES which will adorn its sides; by insulating the public building of the Opera; by the effect of the monuments in the centre of the crossing streets; by the Vista between Carlton House and Piccadilly, terminated by a public monument at one end, and by the palace of Carlton House at the other; every length of street would be termi nated by a façade of beautiful architecture and to add to the beauty of the ap proach from Westminster to Charingcross, a square or crescent, open to, and looking down, Parliament-street, might be built round the equestrian statue at Charing-cross, which, at the same time that it would open and enlarge that space, from whence, as before observed, the greatest part of the population of the me tropolis meet and diverge, it would afford a magnificent and beautiful termination of the street from Westminster. The lofty situation of Charing Cross, and gradual ascent to it, are peculiarly calculated to produce a grand and striking effect. Such a building might be appropriated to additional offices for the government, which it is understood are much wanted; or the Royal Society, Royal Academy, and Antiquarian Society might be placed there; and the apartments in Somerset. house, now occupied by those societies, be appropriated to such public offices as the rest of the buildings of Somersetplace. Mr. Nash, in his estimate of the va lue of the improved property, conceives that the immediate ground rent will produce 59,4291. per annum, and that the property, at the end of the building leases, will be worth 187,724. The making, planting, and watering the parks, he estimates at 12,1151. And the purchase of the old houses between Cliaring-cross and Portland-place he values at 399,8031. after deducting the value of the old materials, while their ground-rents would be worth 28,734. per annum, under the new plan, as part of the new street. The length of the new street, from Charingcross to Oxford-street, will be 1700 yards, of which it appears that 1280 yards will pass through property already belonging to the crownl. The cost of a common sewer to drain the houses in Mary-lebone Park, and in the new street, he values at 112,3301. and its revenue paid by the tenants at 19,105). Mr. Nash has since presented a supplementary plan, by desire of governBurger extent of Park, combining racks ment, containing fewer buildings, and to the north of the canal, for the Lifeguards and Artillery, which are to cover 27 acres of ground. The revenue of the park, on this new plan, will be reduced from 59,4291. to 45,2691. owing to there being fewer of the higher class of houses; but the scenery will be equally beautiful, and, so far as relates to the ornamental canal, with its terraces and ample areas of the two upper crescents, still more magnificent. These reports of Mr. Nash having been approved of by the Lords of the Trea sury, the park has been enclosed; the roads through it, and the circular drive, formed; the plantations too have been made. An act of Parliament for the Regent's canal has passed, and another for The new street; and the whole design is proceeding towards its completion with extraordinary activity. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. the students understand the subject-mate ter of the question. Instead of examin ing a whole chapter, and comparing dif ferent parts together, thereby bringing his mind into contact with the subject of study, it is merely necessary in such questions to copy, paragraph after paragraph, without the slightest exertion of the mind-It is, in truth, even a worse system than the old and obsolete one of Question and Answer. I state these facts in justice to the true Interrogative System, and the works of Blair, Goldsmith, Adair, and Barrow, whose system of interrogation is the greatest practical improvement that has been made in the business of educating children, during the FORTY YEARS experience of AN OLD SCHOOLMASIER. Leeds, July 8, 1813. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine, SIR, Ttals which were known to the alchymists, that have not furnished powerful remedies in diseases of the human body. And the effects of the several metals already in use are so various, not only in degree, but in kind, that it is rea sonable to presume, the metals of late discovery may furnish agents equally ca pable of beneficial application: nay, it may not be too sanguine to expect that some remedies shall result from their different preparations, which will rival the celebrity of those made from Mercury, from Antimony, and from Arsenic. HERE are few, if any, of the me The effects produced on the system hy the different metallic oxides, or by their metals in union with other substances, receive their character from the respect. ive metals employed; these effects are varied only in degree, by the nature of the substance forming the combination; but the character remains distinct. Gold, from its high price, has not been subjected to fair medicinal trials; but it has, perhaps, received unmerited praises from a few zealots, which, being found untrue, brought upon it that fate which an undeserved reputation never fails to produce on every thing but men. Gold, however, calcined with hartshorn, has been found a safe medicine and a powerful tonic. Silver has not been much tricd; its nitrate, however, has acquired a fixed reputation as a tonic: and when it disagrees with the stomach, I suspect it to depend on the presence of sea salt, the chlorine of which instantly uniting with its it, forms one of a class of metallic salts, all of which, in a certain proportion of combination, are extremely corrosive; so that unless we would prescribe horn. silver, the use of salt should be prohibit ed during the exhibition of argenti nitras. But I will not take up your pages with a review of the properties of the metals already applied to medicine; they are well known; and this knowledge is the best foundation on which we could rest our hope of discovering something useful Among those yet untried. I will only ndd, that the protoxides of all metals, generally, possess the least power, whatever it be, and therefore should be the first preparation ventured upon. From analogy, I would suspect the oxide of chromium in an alkaline solution, to possess powers of no despicable intensity; and think it should claim a cautious but steady trial in diseases of irregular excitement. And, with less reserve I may recommend a trial of the oxide of zinc in a solution of potassa, as a promising remedy in diseases of the stomach furnishing acidity. And here the already tried efficacy of the oxide of bismuth in cardialgia, claims to be noticed; but, that this metal should not have been exhibited in other forms of combination, excites surprise, and shows how idle we are in the advancement of our practical acquire YOU OUR correspondent "Civis" is informed, that a method of concentrating and preserving the extract of malt and hops, for the purpose of brewing, (the subject on which he appears to be solicitous) is, after many trials, dis covered, and the manufactured article may shortly be before the public; but there are more difficulties on the subject than Civis appears to be aware of, for the excise laws, in general, act as a prohibition to every improvement in the national beverage, and deter most people from attempting it, as every deviation from the established practice is unhappily considered an attempt at fraud, The propriety of excise taxation is, how ever, another question; and one thing is MONTHLY MAG. No. 244, certain, that if we were free from it, there would soon cease to be any neces sity of importing any sort of foreign beverage, except for those to whom the expence of the article would constitute its only recommendation. AMOR PATRIE. D For the Monthly Magazine. HABITATS and BOTANIC MEMORANDUMS. ACTYLIS stricta. Between Southhampton and Milbrook, Hants; Mr. J. Woods.—Albro', Suffolk ; Mr. D. Turner. FESTUCA vivipara. At the falls of Lo acre, Seale Force, and in Borrowdale, Cumberland. N. J. W. FESTUCA rubra. var 3. Fl. Brit. p. 110. FESTUCA glauca. Winch's Guide, v. 2, p. 11-On the sea coast of Northumberland and Durham. FESTUCA bromoides. Kensington Gar dens, Middlesex, and Ripon, Yorkshire. N. J. W. FESTUCA loliacea. Near Settle, Yorkshine. N. J. W. BROMUS Seculinus. Walworth, near London. Sittingbourn, Kent; Rev. J. Fenwick. BROMUS multiflorus. Near Ripon, Yorkshire; Mr. Brunton. BROMUS racemosus. Fields at Old Windsor, Bucks.-At the foot of Box-bill and Battersea fields, Surrey. N. J. W. BROMUS arvensis. Eng. Bot. 1984. BROMUS spiculi tenuata. Knap, p. t. 81.-Winch's Guide, v. 2, p. 19.-Near Hartlepool, Durham; Mr. W. Backhouse. BROMUS pratensis. Eng. Bot. t. 920, see p. 1984-At the foot of Box-hill, Surrey. N.J.W. BROMUS erectus. Near Dorking, Sur rey, in great abundance. N. J. W.-Copgrove, Yorkshire; Rev. J. Dalton. BROMUS diandrus. Netley Abbey, Hants; Mr. J. Woods. BROMUS pinnatus. Cave-hole wood and Giggleswick Scar, Yorkshire; Mr. Windsor.-Dover Cliffs, Kent, and about Dorking, Surrey. N. J. W. AVENA falua. Near Brexbourn and Hartford. Also near Maidenhead, Bucks; Mr. J. Woods. AVENA pubescens. This is a valua ble pasture g , and forms a great part of the hereage on the subalpine meadows of Weardale and Teesdale, famous in the north for producing excellent milk and butter. N. J. W. AVENA strigosa, West pits near Dar F lington; Corn lington; Mr. W. Backhouse. fields near Fulwell, Durham. N. J. ¡V. AruNDO epigejos. Near Brockham, Suney. N.J W. ARUNDO calamagrostis. Lakeby Carr, Yorkshire; Mr. Hooker. ARUNDO colorata. y. Fl. Brit. 174. PHALARIS arundinacea. Eng. Bot. Sp. P. Hudson, var.- By the ivulet joining the Ure, below Ripon, Yorkshire; Mr. Brunton.-The Northumberland habitat of this variety, at p. 468, Turner's Guide, is an error. N. J. W. LOLIUM perenne. By d. Fl. Brit. 149. About Newcastle. N. J. W. LOLIUM arvense. Sittingbourn, Kent, too common; Rev. J. Fenwick.-Walthamstow, Essex; Mr. E. Forster-Forfar, Scotland; Mr. G. Donn.-Walworth, near London, and Wickham, Durham. N. J. W. ELIMUS arenarius. The roots of this plant, together with those of Triticum junceum, greatly contribute towards confining the loose sands on the Northumberland and Durham coast. N. J. W.. ELIMUS europeus. Woods between Marlow and Maidenhead, Berks; Mr. J. Woods.-Malham cove and Lunds wood, near Settle; Mr. Windsor.-Studley woods, Yorkshire, and near Rushy ford, Durham. N. J. W. HORDEUM maritimum. Near Weymouth; Mr. Grelt.-On Holy Island, Northumberland. N. J. W. TRITICUM caninum. Below Settlebridge and Berbecks Wear, Yorkshire; Mr. Windsor. TRITICUM loliaceum. Portland Island; Mr. Grelt.-Coast of Northumberland and Ballast Hills of Tyne and Wear, N. J W. DIPSACUS fullonum. On the Ballast Hills of Wear, Durham. N. J. W. DIPSACUS pilosus. Lane beyond Lincombe Spaw, Bath; Mr. Thompson.Between Bury St. Edmund's and Ipswich, Suffolk.-Ballast Hills, Sunderland, Dur. ham. N. J. W. A PERULA cynanthica. Dover cliffs, Kent; Box-hill and Ranmore common, Surrey; Newmarket Heath, Cambridge shire. N. J. W.-Copgrove, Yorkshire; Mr. Brunton. GALIUM Witheringi. By ponds at Lambton, Durham; Turner's Guide, p. 243. By specimens of this rare, but obscure plant, obligingly communicated by the Bishop of Carlisle, I am enabled to say that our Durham species so named is only Galium palustre, of a slender habit from soil and situation. N. J. W. GALIUM tricorne. Walls near the palace at Eltham, Kent; Mr. J. Woods.-Bury St. Edmund's, Suffolk; Mr. Hooker. -Near Arkendene, Sussex; Mr. E. Forster. GALIUM pusillum. On moors near Peebles, Scotland; Castleborough-hill, at Settle, Malham Cove, and Gordale Scar, Yorkshire. N.J. W.-Kells Fell and Conzye Scar, Westmoreland; Mr. J. Woods. GALIUM boreale. Rumbling bridge, near Dunkeld, Scotland; edge of Windermere Lake, Cumberland; Malham Cove and Gordale Scar, Yorkshire. N. J. W.-Buck borough, Yorkshire; Mr. Windson.-Croft wood, Durham; Mr. Robson. RUBIA peregrina. Portland Island; Rev. Mr. Baker. PLANTAGO maritima. At the High Force of Tees, Durham. N. J. W. PLANTAGO Coronopus. Ryegate Common, Surrey. N. J. W. SANQUISORBIA officinalis. A very common plant in moist meadows in the north of England. N. J. W. EPIMEDIUM alpinum. On Carrock Fell, Cumberland; Mr. T. Hutton.-Fl. Brit. p. 187.-I very much doubt if any botanist ever observed this plant in an uncultivated state in England. CORNUS sanguinea. About Dorking, Surrey. N. J. W.-St. Vincent's rocks; Mr. Thompson. CORNUS Succica. On Ben Lawers, Scotland; on Cheviot, Northumberland, where it was first discovered by Dr. Penny, who died in 1568. I make no doubt but this beautiful little plant still grows in this habitat, which is a very likely one, though I have sought it in vain. N. J. W. ALCHEMILLA alpina. Ben Lawers, Ben Lomond, Ben-y-Gloc, and Glenerow, Scotland.--In Borrowdale, Cumberland. N. J. W.-About the water-falls in Longsleddale, not far from Buckbo rough-well, Westmoreland; Mr. Windsor. POTAMOGETON perfoliatum. Derwent water lake, Cumberland. N. J. W.—In the Skirn near Darlington; Robson.-This is a rare plant in the north of England. POTAMOGETON lucens. In the Mellrace at Hexham. N. J. W-At Polam, near Darlington; Robson. POTAMOGETON compressum. Ponds near Darlington; Mr. W. Backhouse. PUTAMOGETON pectinatum. In the Skiru near Darlington; Mr. S. Robson. MEMOIRS |