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which gives name to the creek. At its sources there is a fine body of land called the "dog woods," the growth is oak, chesnut, poplar, lind and dogwood. This vein of land is nearly twenty miles in length, and eight wide. The dogwood is very thick set, and some of them large, ten inches diameter. The whole is finely watered.

The Coosau has its source high up in the Cherokee country. E-tow-woh and Oos-te-nau-lih, are its main branches. The land on these rivers is rich, and abounds with limestone. Sixty miles above the confluence of the Coo-sau with Tallapoosa, there is a high, waving, limestone country settled by the Indians of Coo-sau, Au-becoo-che nau-che and Eu-fau-lau-hat-che. The settlements are generally on rich flats of oaks, hickory, poplar, walnut and mulberry. The springs are fine; there is cane on the creeks, and recd on the branches. The surrounding country is broken and gravelly. The land fit for culture, is generally the margins of the crecks, or the waving slopes from the high broken land.

Throughout the whole of this country, there is but little fruit of any kind; in some of the rich flats there are fox grapes and muscadines; the small cluster grapes of the hills is destroyed by fire, and the persimmon, haw and chesnut, by the hatchet; there are a few blackberries in the old fields, red haws on the poor sand hills, and strawberries thinly scattered, but not a gooseberry, raspberry or currant, in the land.

The traveller, in passing through a country as extensive and wild as this, and so much in a state of nature, expects to see game in abundance. The whole of the creek claims, the Seminoles inclusive, cover three hundred miles square; and it is difficult for a good hunter, in passing through it, in any direction, to obtain enough for his support.

The towns, with a description of their position, and the lands of their neighborhood.

There are thirty-seven towns in the Creek nation; twelve on the waters of Chat-to-ho-che, and twenty-five on the waters of Coo-sau and Tal-la-poo-sa. The small towns or villages belong to some one of these. The old

towns have the exclusive right of governing the ceremony of the Boos-ke-tuh.*

The towns on Chat-to-ho-che.

1 Cow-e-tuh.

7 Hitch-e-tee.

3 Cus-se-tuh.

4 U-chee.

5 Oo-se-oo-che.

2 Cow-c-tuh-tal-lau-has-see. 8 Pa-la-chooc-la.

6 Che-au-hau.

9 O-co-nee.

10 Sau-woog-e-lo.

11 Sau-woog-e-loo-che.
12 Eu-fau-lau.

The towns on Coo-sau and Tal-la-poo-sa.

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The towns of the Simenolies deserve a place here, as they are Creeks. They inhabit the country bordering on the gulf of Mexico, from A-pa-la-che-co-la, including Little St. John's and the Florida point. They have seven

towns.

1 Sim-e-no-le-tal-lau-haf-see 5 Oc-le-wau-hau thluc-co.

2 Mic-co sooc-e.
3 We-cho-took-me.

4 Au-lot-che-wau.

6 Tal-lau-gue chapco pop-cau 7 Cull-oo-sau hat-che.

Sim-e-lo-le or Sim-e-no-le, means wild. These towns

*Hereafter described.

are made from the towns O-co-nee, Sau-woog-e-lo, Eufau-lau, Tum-mault-lau, Pa-la-chooc-le and Hitch-e-tec. They are called wild people, because they left their old towns and made irregular settlements in this country to which they were invited by the plenty of game, the mildness of the climate, the richness of the soil, and the abundance of food for cattle and horses. The range is equally fine for hogs, but they are raised with difficulty, as the ponds and swamps abound with alligators.

A description of the towns on Coosau and Tal-la-poo-sa, generally called Upper Creeks.

1. Tal-e-see, from Tal-o-fau, a town, and e-see, taken. Situated in the fork of Eu-fau-le on the left bank of Talla-poo-sa, opposite Took-au-bat-che. Eu-fau-be has its source in the ridge dividing the waters of Chat-to-ho-che from Tal-la-poo-sa, and runs nearly west to the junction with the river; there it is sixty feet wide. The land on it is poor for some miles up, then rich flats, bordered with pine land with reedy branches, a fine range for cattle and horses.

The Indians have mostly left the town, and settled up the creek, or on its waters, for twenty miles. The settlements are some of them well chosen, and fenced with worm fences. The land bordering on the streams of the right side of the creek, is better than that of the left; and here the settlements are mostly made. Twelve miles up the creek from its mouth it forks; the large fork of the left side has some rich flat swamp, large white oak, poplar, ash and white pine. The trading path from Cus-setuh to the Upper Creeks crosses this fork twice. Here it is called big swamp, (opil-thluc-co.) The waving land to its source is stiff. The growth is post oak, pine and hard shelled hickory.

The Indians who have settled out on the margins and branches of the creek, have, several of them, cattle, hogs and horses, and begin to be attentive to them. The head warrior of the town, Peter McQueen, a half breed, is a snug trader, has a valuable property in negroes and stock and begins to know their value.

These Indians were very friendly to the United States, during the revolutionary war, and their old chief, Ho-bo

ith-le Mic-co, of the halfway house, (improperly called the Tal-e-see king,) could not be prevailed on by any offers from the agents of Great Britain, to take part with them. On the return of peace, and the establishment of friendly arrangements between the Indians and citizens of the United States, this chief felt himself neglected by Mr. Seagrove, which resenting, he robbed and insulted that gentleman, compelled him to leave his house near Took-au-bat-che, and fly into a swamp. He has since then, as from a spirit of contradiction, formed a party in opposition to the will of the nation, which has given much trouble and difficulty to the chiefs of the land. His principal assistants were the leaders of the banditti who insulted the commissioners of Spain and the United States, on the 17th September, 1799, at the confluence of Flint and Chat-to-ho-che. The exemplary punishment inflicted on them by the warriors of the nation, has effectually checked their mischief-making and silenced them. And this chief has had a solemn warning from the national council, to respect the laws of the nation, or he should meet the punishment ordained by the law. He is one of the great medal chiefs.

This spirit of party or opposition, prevails not only here, but more or less in every town in the nation. The plainest proposition for ameliorating their condition, is immediately opposed; and this opposition continues as long as there is hope to obtain presents, the infallible mode heretofore in use, to gain a point.

2. Took-au-bat-che. The ancient name of this town is Is-po-co-gee; its derivation uncertain; it is situated on the right bank of the Tallapoosa, opposite the junction of Eu-fau-be, two and a half miles below the falls of the river, on a beautiful level. The course of the river from the falls to the town, is south; it then turns east three-quarters of a mile, and short round a point opposite Eu-fau-be, thence west and west-by-north to its confluence with Coosau, about thirty miles. It is one hundredyards wide opposite the town house to the south, and here are two good fords during the summer. One just below the point of a small island, the other one hundred yards still lower.

The water of the falls, after tumbling over a bed of

rock for half a mile, is forced into two channels; one thirty, the other fifteen feet wide. The fall is forty feet in fifty yards. The channel on the right side, which is the widest, falls nearly twenty feet in ten feet. The fish are obstructed here in their attempts to ascend the river. From appearances, they might be easily taken in the season of their ascending the rivers, but no attempts have hitherto been made to do so.

The rock is a light gray, very much divided in square blocks of various sizes for building. It requires very little labor to reduce it to form, for plain walls. Large masses of it are so nicely fitted, and so regular, as to imitate the wall of an ancient building, where the stone had passed through the hands of a mason. The quantity of this description at the falls and in the hill sides adjoining them, is great; sufficient for the building of a large city.

The falls above spread out, and the river widens to half a mile within that distance, and continues that width for four miles. Within this scope are four islands, which were formerly cultivated, but are now old fields margined with cane. The bed of the river is here rocky, shoally, and covered with moss. It is frequented in summer by cattle, horses, and deer; and in the winter, by swans, geese and ducks.

On the right bank opposite the falls, the land is broken, stoney and gravelly. The hill sides fronting the river, exhibit this building rock. The timber is post oak, hickory and pine, all small. From the hills the land spreads off level. The narrow flat margin between the hills and the river is convenient for a canal for mills on an extensive scale, and to supply a large extent of flat land around the town with water. Below the falls a small distance, there is a spring and branch, and within five hundred yards a small creek; thence within half a mile, the land becomes level and spreads out on this side two miles, including the flats of Wol-lau-hat-che, a creek ten feet wide, which rises seventeen miles from its junction with the river, in the high pine forest, and running southsouth-east enters the river three miles below the town house. The whole of this flat, between the creek and the river, bordering on the town, is covered with oak and the small hard shelled hickory. The trees are all small;

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