Col. Bull told me that he had been Seven Miles back and found it extraordinary good. Mr. Oglethorpe is indefatigable, takes a great deal of Pains, his Fare is but indifferent having little else at present but Salt Provisions. He is extreamly well beloved by all his People, the general Title they give him is Father. If any of them is Sick he immediately Visits them and takes a great deal of Care of them. If any Difference arises he is the Person that decides it. Two happened while I was there and in my Presence, and all the Parties went away to outward appearance Satisfied and Contented with his Determination. He keeps a strict Discipline, I never saw one of his People Drunk nor heard one of them Swear, all the Time I was there: He does not allow them Rum but in lieu gives them English Beer: It is surprizing to see how Chearful the Men go to Work considering they have not been bred to it; There are no Idlers there even the Boys and Girls do their Parts. There are Four Houses already up but none finished, and he hopes when he has got more Sawyers, which I suppose he will have in a short Time, to finish Two Houses a Week. He has ploughed up some Land, part of which he has sowed with Wheat, which is come up and looks promising. He has Two or Three Gardens which he has sowed with divers sorts of Seeds, and planted Thyme and other sort of Pot-herbs, Sage, Leeks, Skellions, Celeri, Liquorice, &c. and several sorts of Trees. He was Pallisading the Town round including some part of the Common, which I do suppose may be finished in about a Fortnight's Time, In short he has done a vast deal of Work for the Time, and I think his Name justly deserves to be immortaliz'd. Mr. Oglethorpe has with him Sir Walter Rawleigh's written Journal, and by the Latitude of the Place, the Marks and Traditions of the Indians, it is the very first Place where he first went on shore, and talked with the Indians, and was the first Englishman they ever saw; and about half a Mile from Savannah is a high Mount of Earth under which lies their Chief King: And the Indians informed Mr. Oglethorpe that their King desired before he died, that he might be Buried on the Spot were he talked with that great good Man. The River Water is very good, and Mr. Oglethorpe has proved it several ways, and thinks it as good as the River of Thames. On Monday the 19th we took our Leave of Mr. Oglethorpe at Nine o'clock in the Morning, and Embark'd for Charlestown; and when we set off he was pleased to Honour us with a Volley of Small Arms and the Discharge of Five Cannon: And coming down the Rivers we found the Water perfectly Fresh Six Miles below the Town, and saw Six or Seven large Sturgeon leap, with which Fish that River abounds, as also with Trout, Perch, Cat and Rock Fish, &c. and in the Winter Season there is variety of Wild Fowl, especially Turkeys, some of them weighing Thirty Pounds, and abundance of Deer. Number 3. Rules for the Year 1735. He Trustees intend this Year to lay out a County and Build a new Town in Georgia. They will give to such Persons as they send upon the Charity, viz. To every Man, A Watchcoat, A Musquet and Bayonet to those who have them not of their own, An Hatchet, An Hammer, An Hand-saw A Shod Shovel or Spade, A broad Hoe, A narrow Hoe, A Gimlet, A Drawing Knife, And there will be a Publick Grindstone to each Ward or Village. He will also have an Iron Pot and a pair of Pot-hooks, And a Frying Pan. And for his Maintenance in the Colony for one Year he will have, To be delivered in such proportions and at such times as the Trust shall think proper. 300 Pounds of Beef or Pork, 114 Pounds of Rice, 114 Pounds of Pease, 114 Pounds of Flour, 44 Gallons of Strong Beer, 64 Quarts of Molasses for Brewing Beer, 18 Pounds of Cheese, 9 Pounds of Butter, 5 Gallons of Vinegar, 30 Pounds of Salt, 12 Quarts of Lamp Oil & a Pound of spun Cotton, And 12 Pounds of Soap. And to the Mothers, Wives, Sisters or Children of such Men, Provision will be given in the Colony for One Year in the follow ing manner, viz. To each Head of them, that is to say to every Person of the Age of Twelve Years and upwards, viz. To be delivered as above. 300 Pounds of Beef or Pork, 114 Pounds of Rice, 114 Pounds of Pease, 114 Pounds of Flour, 64 Quarts of Molasses for Brewing Beer. 18 Pounds of Cheese, 9 Pounds of Butter, 6 Quarts of Lamp Oil and half a Pound of spun Cotton, And 12 Pounds of Soap. And for every Person above the Age of Seven, and under the Age of Twelve, Half the said Allowance, being esteemed Half an Head. And for every Person above the Age of Two and under the Age of Seven, one Third of the said Allowance, being esteemed one Third of an Head. The Trustees pay their Passage from England to Georgia, and in the Voyage they will have the following Provisions, viz. In every Week Four Beef Days, Two Pork Days, and one Fish Day, and their Allowance served out daily as follows: That is to say, On the Four Beef Days, Four Pounds of Beef for every Mess of Five Heads, And half a Pound of Suet or Plumbs. On the Two Pork Days, Five Pounds of Pork And Two Pints and half of Pease for every Five Heads. And on the Fish Day, Two Pounds and half of Fish And half a Pound of Butter for every Five Heads. S The whole at Sixteen Ounces to the Pound, And allow each Head Seven Pounds of Broad of Fourteen Ounces to the Pound, by the Week. And Three Pints of Beer and Two Quarts of Water (whereof one of the Quarts for Drinking and the other for Boiling Victuals) each Head by the Day for the space of a Month; and a Gallon of Water (whereof Two Quarts for Drinking and the other Two for Boiling Victuals) each Head by the Day after during their being on the Passage. The Heads to be accounted in this manner. Every Person above the Age of Twelve Years to be accounted a whole Head. All Persons of the Age of Seven Years and under the Age of Twelve Years to be accounted Two for One. All Persons above the Age of Two Years and under the Age of Seven Years to be accounted Three for One; and any Person under the Age of Two Years is not to be accounted. And the said Persons are to enter into the following Covenants before their Embarkation, viz. That they will repair on Board such Ship as shall be provided for Carrying them to the Province of Georgia, and during the Voyage, will Quietly, Soberly and Obediently demean themselves, and go to such Place in the said Province of Georgia, and there obey all such Orders as shall be given for the better Settling, Establishing and Governing the said Colony. And that for the first Twelve Months from their Landing in the said Province of Georgia, they will Work and Labour in Clearing their Lands, making Habitations, and necessary Defences, and in all other Works for the common Good and publick Weal of the said Colony, at such Times, in such Manner, and according to such Plan and Directions as shall be given. And that they from and after the Expiration of the said last mentioned Twelve Months, will, during the Two next succeeding Years, abide, settle and inhabit in the said Province of Georgia, and Cultivate the Lands which shall be to them and their Heirs Male severally allotted and given, by all such Ways and Means as according to their several Abilities and Skills they shall be best Able and Capable. And such Persons are to be settled in the said Colony, either in new Towns or new Villages. Those in the Towns will have each of them a Lot Sixty Feet in Front and Ninety Feet in Depth, whereon they are to Build an House, and as much Land in the Country as in the whole will make up Fifty Acres. Those in the Villages will each of them have a Lot of Fifty Acres, which is to lie all together, and they are to Build their Houses upon it. All Lots are Granted in Tail Male and Descend to the Heirs Male of their Bodies for ever: And in Case of Failure of Issue Male Revert to the Trust, to be Granted again to such Persons as the Common Council of the said Trustees shall think most for the Advantage of the Colony. And they will have a special regard to the Daughters of Freeholders, who have made Improvements on their Lots, not already provided for by having Married, or Marrying Persons in Possession or intitled to Lands in the Province of Georgia in Possession or Remainder. All Lots are to be preserved separate and undivided, and cannot be united, in order to keep up a Number of Men equal to the Number of Lots, for the better Defence and Support of the Colony. No Person can Lease out his House or Lot to another without Licence for that Purpose, that the Colony may not be ruined by Absentees Receiving and Spending their Rents elsewhere, therefore each Man must cultivate the same by himself or Servants. And no Person can Alienate his Land or any part, or any Term, Estate or Interest therein, to any other Person or Persons, without special Licence for that Purpose, to prevent the uniting or dividing the Lots. If any of the Land so Granted, should not be Cultivated, Planted, Cleared, Improved or Fenced with a Worm Fence or Pales six Feet High, during the space of Ten Years from the Date of the Grant, then every part thereof not Cultivated, Planted Cleared, Improved or Fenced as aforesaid, shall belong to the Trust, and the Grant as to such parts shall be void. There is reserved for the support of the Colony, a Rent Charge for ever, of Two Shillings Sterling Money for each Fifty Acres; the Payment of which is not to Commence 'till Ten Years after the Grant. And the Reversion or Remainder expectant on the Demise of such Persons without Issue Male, shall remain to the Trust. But the Wives of the Freeholders in case they should Survive their Husbands, are during their Lives intitled to the Mansion House and one half of the Lands Improved by their Husbands, that is to say, inclosed with a Fence of Six Feet High. All Forfeitures for Non-Residence, High Treason, Felonies, &c. are to the Trustees for the Use of the Colony. Negroes and Rum are Prohibited to be used in the said Colony, and Trade with the Indians, unless Licensed. None are to have the Benefit of being sent upon the Charity in the manner above-mentioned, but, 1. Such as are in Decayed Circumstances, and thereby disabled from following any Business in England, and who if in Debt, must have leave from their Creditors to go. 2. Such as have Numerous Families of Children if Assisted by their respective Parishes, and Recommended by the Minister, Church-Wardens and Overseers thereof. The Trustees do expect to have a good Character of the said Persons given, because no Drunkards or other notoriously vicious Persons will be taken. And for the better to Enable the said Persons to Build the new Town, and Clear the Lands the Trustees will give leave to every |