Bark, employed for the same purpose by water) to attend him, and take his orders.

Col. Bull brought with him 4 of his Negroes, who were Sawyers, to assist the Colony; and also, brought provision for them, being resolved to put the Trust to no expense; and by this means, to bestow his benefaction in the most noble and useful manner.

On the 9th day, Mr. Oglethorpe and Col. Bull marked out the Square, the Streets, and 40 Lots for houses for the town; and the first House (which was ordered to be made of clapboards) was begun that day.

The Town lies on the south side of the river Savannah, upon a Flat on the top of a hill; and 60 yards of it is reserved between it and the Key. The river washes the foot of the hill; which stretches along the side of it about a mile, and forms a terrace 40 feet perpendicular above high-water.

From the Key, looking eastward, you may discover the river as far as the islands in the sea; and westward, one may see it wind through the woods above 6 miles. The River is 1000 feet wide; the water fresh, and deep enough for sloops of 70 Tons to come up close to the side of the Key.

GEN. OGLETHORPE'S CONFERENCE WITH THE INDIANS.

Mr. Oglethorpe set out from Charles town, S. C. on the 14th of May 1732, and lay at Col. Bull's house, on Ashley river, where he dined the next day :-and landed at SAVANNAH, on the 18th, at ten in the morning; where he found that Mr. Whiggan, (the interpreter) with the chief men of all the Lower Creek nation, were come down to treat of an alliance with the new Colony. The Lower Creeks are a nation of Indians, who formerly consisted of 10, but now are reduced to 8 tribes or towns; who have each their different government, but are allied together, and speak the same language. They claim from the Savannah river, as far as St. Augustine, and up to the Flint river, which falls into the Bay of Mexico:-all the Indians inhabiting this tract, speak their language; Tomo-chi-chi, micco, and the Indians of Yamacraw, are of their nation and language.

Mr. Oglethorpe received the Indians, in one of the new houses, that afternoon:-they were as follow:

From the tribe of Coweeta:-Yahou-Lakee, their king or

micco; Essoboo, their warrior, the son of Breen, (lately dead) whom the Spaniards called Emperor of the Creeks; with 8 men, and 2 women, attendants.

From the tribe of Cussetaho:-Cusseta, the micco; Tatchiquatchi, the head-warrior; with 4 attendants.

From the tribe of Owseecheyo:-Ogeese, the micco, or warking; Neathlouthko, and Ougachi, 2 chief-men; with 3 attendants, From the tribe of the Cheehaws:-Outhleteboa, the micco; Thlauthlo-thlukee, Figeer, Sootamilla, war-captains; and atten

dants.

From the tribe Echetas :-Chutabeeche, and Robin, 2 warcaptains, (the latter was bred amongst the English ;) with 4 attendants.

From the tribe of Pallachucolas :-Gillatee, the head-warrior; and 5 attendants.

From the tribe of Oconas:-Oueekachumpa, called by the English, Long King; Coowoo, a warrior.

For the tribe of Eufaule:-Tomaumi, the head-warrior; and 3 attendants.

The Indians being all seated, Queekachumpa, a very tall old man, stood out, and with a graceful action, and a good voice, made a long speech; which was interpreted by Mr. Wiggan and Mr. John Musgrove, and was to the following purpose.-He first claimed all the land to the southward of the river Savannah, as belonging to the Creek Indians. Next, (he said) that though they were poor and ignorant, HE, who had given the English breath, had given them breath also. That HE, who had made both, had given more wisdom to the white men. That they were firmly persuaded, that the GREAT POWER which dwelt in heaven, and all around, (and then he spread out his hands, and lengthened the sound of his words) and which hath given breath to all men, had sent the English thither for the instruction of them, their wives, and children. That therefore they gave them up freely, their right to all the land which they did not use themselves. That this was not only his opinion, but the opinion of the 8 towns of the Creeks; each of whom having consulted together, had sent some of their Chief-men with skins, which is their wealth. He then stopped; and the chief-men of each town, brought up a bundle of buck-skins; and laid 8 bundles, from the 8 towns, at Mr. Oglethorpe's feet. He then said, those were the best thing they had; and therefore, they gave them with a good heart. He then thanked him for his kindness to Tomo-chi-chi, Micco, and his Indians, to whom he said he was related; and said, that though Tomo-chi-chi was banished from

his nation, that he was a good man, and had been a great warrior; and, it was for his wisdom and courage, that the banished men chose him king. Lastly, he said, that they had heard in the nation, that the Cherokees had killed some Englishmen; and that if he would command them, they would enter with their whole force into the Cherokee country, destroy their harvest, kill their people, and revenge the English. He then sat down. Mr. Oglethorpe promised to acquaint the Trustees with their desire of being instructed; and informed them, that, there had been a report of the Cherokees having killed some Englishmen, but that it was groundless:-he thanked them, in the most cordial manner, for their affection; and told them, that he would acquaint the Trustees with it.

Tomo-chi-chi, Micco, then came in with the Indians of Yamacraw, to Mr. Oglethorpe; and bowing very low, he said,— I was a banished man.-I came here poor and helpless, to look for good land near the tombs of my Ancestors; and the Trustees sent people here. I feared you would drive us away, for we were weak and wanted corn; but you confirmed our land to us, gave us food, and instructed our children:-we have already thanked you, in the strongest words we could find; but words are no return for such favors; for good words may be spoke by the deceitful, as well as by the upright heart. The Chief men of our nation are here, to thank you for us, and before them I declare your goodness, and that here I design to die; for, we all love your people so well, that with them we will live and die. We don't know good from evil, but desire to be instructed and guided by you; that we may do well with, and be numbered amongst the children of the Trustees.

He sat down:-and, Yahou-Lakee, Micco of Coweeta, stood up and said,—We are come 25 days' journey, to see you. I have been often desired to go down to Charlestown; but would not go down, because I thought I might die in the way: but, when I heard you were come, and that you were good men, I knew you were sent by HIм who lives in heaven, to teach us Indians wisdom. I therefore came down, that I might hear good things: for I knew, that if I died in the way, I should die in doing good; and what was said, would be carried back to the nation, and our Children would reap the benefit of it. I rejoice that I have lived to see this day; and to see our friends, that have been long gone from amongst us. Our nation was, once strong, and had 10 towns; but, we are now weak, and have but 8 towns. You have comforted the banished; and have gathered them that were scattered, like little birds before the Eagle.

We desire therefore to be reconciled to our bretheren, who are here amongst you; and we give leave to Tomo-chi-chi, Stimoiche, and Illispelle, to call the kindred that love them, out of each of the Creek towns, that they may come together and make one town. We must pray you to recal the Yamasees; that they may be buried in peace amongst their ancestors, and that they may see their graves before they die; and then our nation shall be restored again to its 10 towns. After which he spoke concerning the abatement of the prices of goods; and agreed upon articles of a Treaty, which were ordered to be engrossed. Tomo-chi-chi invited them to his town, where they passed the night in feasting and dancing.

On the 21st, their Treaty was signed: a laced coat, a laced hat, and a shirt, was given to each of the Indian Chiefs; and to each of the Warriors a gun, a mantle of duffils; and, to all their attendants, coarse cloth for clothing. There was also given, a barrel of Gun-powder, 4 kegs of Bullets, a piece of broad-cloth, a piece of Irish linen, a cask of Tobacco-pipes, 8 belts and Cutlasses with gilt handles, Tape and inkle of all colors, and 8 kegs of Rum, for to be carried home to their Towns; 1 lb. of powder, 1 lb. of bullets, and as much provision for each man, as they pleased to take for their journey home.

!

The peace concluded, the care of the People, and of carrying on the works, being recommended to Mr. James St. Julian, and Mr. Scott, Mr. Oglethorpe left the Savannah, on Monday, the 21st, dined at Mr. Bulloch's at Willtown, on the 22nd, and arrived here, early in the morning on Wednesday the 23rd.

GEN. OGLETHORPE'S SPEECH BEFORE THE ASSEMBLY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, JUNE 9, 1733.

On Saturday 9th of June, 1733 James Oglethorpe, Esqr, made a very handsome speech to the Hon. Commons House of Assembly, returning them thanks for the encouragement they gave to the settling of Georgia.

Speech of James Oglethorpe, before the Provincial Legislature of South Carolina.

I should think myself very much wanting in justice and gratitude, if I should neglect thanking your Excellency, you Gentle

men of the Councel, and you Gentlemen of the Assembly, for the assistance you have give to the Colony of Georgia. I have long wished for an opportunity of expressing my sense of the universal zeal, which the inhabitants of this Province have shewn for assisting that Colony; and could not think of any better opportunity, than now the whole Province is virtually present in its General Assembly. I am, therefore, Gentlemen, to thank you for the handsome assistance given by private people, as well as by the public. I am to thank you, not only in the name of the Trustees, and the little colony now in Georgia; but in behalf of all the distressed people of Britain and persecuted Protestants of Europe, to whom a place of Refuge will be secured by this first attempt.

Your charitable and generous proceeding, besides the selfsatisfaction which always attends such actions, will be of the greatest advantage to this Province. You, Gentlemen, are the best judges of this; since, most of you have been personal witnesses of the dangerous blows this country has escaped from French, Spanish, and Indian arms. Many of you know this by experience, having signalized yourselves personally; either, when this Province by its own strength, and unassisted by every thing but the courage of its inhabitants, and the providence of God, repulsed the formidable invasions of the French; or, when it defeated the whole body of the southern Indians, who were armed against it, and invaded the Spaniards, who assisted them. You, Gentlemen, know there was a time, when, every day brought fresh advices of murders, ravages, and burnings; when, no profession or calling was exempted from arms; when, every inhabitant of the Province was obliged to leave their wives, their families, their useful occupations, and undergo all the fatigues of war, for the necessary defence of the country; and, all their endeavors scarcely sufficient to defend the western and southern frontiers against the Indians.

It would be needless for me to tell you, who are much better judges, how the increasing settlements of the new Colony upon the Southern frontiers, will prevent the like danger for the future. Nor need I tell you, how much every plantation will increase in value, by the safety of the Province's being increased, since the Lands to the southward already sell for above double what they did when the new Colony first arrived. Nor need I mention the great lessening of the burthen of the people, by the increasing of the income of the Tax, from the many hundred thousand acres of land, either taken or taking up on the prospect of future security. The assistance the Assembly have given, tho' not quite equal to the occasion, is very large, with respect to the present circumstan