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the ordinary rules applicable to the distribution of personal property; Held, further, that the word "heirs," as found in the will, must be construed as equivalent to representatives or distributees; " Held, further, that Mary, having died without issue, leaving only her husband surviving her, the latter must be regarded as her heir as to such personal estate.-Elby's Appeal, Sup. Ct. Pa., W. N. C., Nov. 22, p. 423.

Devise-Definite failure of issue-Equitable conversion of realty by direction to sell.-A provision by a testator, in his will, that any of his sons may take his real estate at an appraisement, does not prevent equitable conversion under an explicit direction that his real estate be sold and converted into money: A devised her estate in trust for C and D, her two sons, and, if one should die within twenty-one years without issue then living, the whole to the survivor; and, if both should die within twenty-one years without issue then living, then over; C died soon afterwards without issue, and D died within the twenty-one years, leaving issue en ventre sa mere, afterwards born; Held, that the words "then living" referred to the death of the sons; and that, D having died leaving issue then living, the devise took effect.Appeal of Laird et al., Sup. Ct. Pa., W. N. C., Dec. 13, p. 473.

Construction of-Inconsistency-Apparent meaning-Insertion of implied clause. Where, by the strict construction of a will, it is inconsistent in respect to the interest which one of the beneficiaries is to take-one part making the widow a mere trustee for the children, and another providing for the children in case of the death of the widow, and the true intent is apparent rather than to hold the trust void for uncertainty, implied words will be inserted.-Greenwood v. Greenwood, Ct. App. Ch. Div. (Eng.), Rep., Jan. 2, p. 29.

VII. VALUABLE ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN LAW PERIODICALS SINCE NOVEMBER 20, 1877.

ARBITRATION AND AWARD.-Arbitration as a condition precedent.-Alb. L. J., Dec. 29, p. 464.

BONDS, MUNICIPAL.-The township bonds of Missouri, I.-C. L. J., Dec. 14, p. 499; Same, II, id., Dec. 21, p. 518.

BONDS, OFFICIAL.-The liability of bondsmen as executors and administrators, and of officers.-C. L. J., Dec. 7, p. 478.

CORPORATIONS.-The citizenship of corporations.-Alb. L. J., Nov. 17, p. 344. Ultra vires.-C. L. J., Jan. 4, p. 2.

COURTS.-Judicial partisanship.-West. Jur., November, p. 634.

The parliaments of France.-Am. L. Rev., January, p. 262.

The need of reform in our Federal judicial system.—Alb. L. J., Jan. 5, p. 9. DAMAGES.-Liquidated damages.—Am. L. Rev., January, p. 286.

DEEDS.-Voluntary conveyances.-Am. L. Reg., January, p. 1.

DOWER.-Effect of fraudulent conveyances upon the right of dower.-C. L. J., Nov. 30, p. 459.

EMINENT DOMAIN.-Eminent domain.-West Jur., December, p. 691.

ESTOPPEL. The doctrine of equitable estoppel as applicable to married women and their separate statutory estates.-South. L. J., January, p. 2. EVIDENCE. The admissibility in evidence of books of art or science, which are of established reputation and authority, in cases where questions of science or art are involved.-C. L. J., Nov. 23, p. 439.

HOMESTEAD.-Purchase of homestead by insolvent.-C. L. J., Dec. 7, p. 480. INTERNATIONAL LAW.-Extradition.—Alb. L. J., Nov. 24, p. 361.

Some points on extradition.-Alb. L. J., Dec. 8, p. 405.

International extradition.-Alb. L. J., Dec. 22, p. 444.

JUDGMENTS.-Are judgments in the United States circuit and district courts liens on real estate situated outside of the county where rendered.-West Jur., November, p. 625.

LAWYERS.-Reminiscences of Kent and Brougham.—Alb. L. J., Dec. 15, p. 424. Jeremiah Mason and the Bar.-Am. L. Rev., January, p. 229.

Rufus Choate, VIII.-Alb. L. J., January, p. 5.

PATENTS.-Preliminary injunctions in patent cases.-C. L. J., Nov. 16, p. 418.
State interference with patent rights.—Alb. L. J., Nov. 24, p. 360.
Amendment of the patent law.-Am. L. Rev., January, 205.
PRACTICE.-Some new aspects of the right of trial by jury.-Am. L. Reg.,
December, p. 705.

RAILROADS.-Liability of railroad companies for damages sustained by the escape of fire from their engines.-West. Jur., December, p. 689.

INDEX.

VOLUME III.-NEW SERIES.

A Brace of Noted Cases; Namely, Stokes's Case and Tweed's Case,
Act Demonetizing Silver, Unconstitutionality of,

A Point of Chancery Practice,

A Point of the Statute of Frauds,

Assignments by Corporations for the Benefit of Creditors,
Bateman, Wm. O., Article by
Bishop, Joel Prentiss, Article by .

Book Reviews.

50

345

276

431

553

639

50

Story's Equity Jurisprudence, 139; Harston's California Practice, 144;
Proffatt's Trial by Jury, 149; Woods' Reports, Vol. II, 153; Freeman
on Executions, 157; Dunlap's Abridgment, 160; Wharton on Evidence,
283; Bateman's Political and Constitutional Law, 286; Burrill on Assign-
ments, 290; Wisconsin Reports, Vol. XL, 292; Yerger's Reports, Coop-
er's Edition, Vol. IV, 297; Sawyer's Circuit Court Reports, Vol. III,
300; Russell on Crimes, 302; United States Reports, Vol. XCIII (3d
Otto), 307; Field on Damages, 311; Ten Thousand a Year, 313; Bish-
op's Criminal Law, 314; Brown's Law Dictionary, 315; Langdell's Sum-
mary of Equity Pleading, 316; Kerr on Receivers, 317; Abbott's Prac-
tice in United States Courts, 318; Index F, Rhode Island Decisions,
319; Utah Reports, Vol. I, 320; Nevada Reports, Vol. XI, 320; Hub-
bell's Legal Directory, 321; Patterson's Liberty of the Subject, 469;
Bigelow's Life and Accident Insurance Reports, Vol. V, 475; Abbott's
Practice in United States Courts, 480; Wisconsin Reports, Vol. XLI,
482; Stephen's Digest of the Criminal Law, 595; Proffatt on Notaries,
600; Heron on Jurisprudence, 603; Texas Court of Appeals Reports,
Vol. I, 606; Minnesota Reports, Vol. XXII, 608; Mississippi Reports,
Vol. LII, 610; Waterman's United States Criminal Digest, 612; Dun-
lap's Abridgment, 613; Redfield on Wills, Vol. III, 614; Lowell's De-
cisions, Vol. II, 615; Townshend on Slander and Libel, 770; United
States Reports, Vol. XCIV (4th Otto), 775; Tennessee Chancery Re-
ports, Vol. II, 778; Tennessee Reports, Cooper's Edition, Yerger, Vols.
V, VI, VII, 781; McIntosh's Notes on the Constitutional History of
the United States, 783; Burroughs on Taxation, 785; Chase's Black-

stone, 786; Angell on Carriers, 788; Freeman's Void Execution, Judi-
cial and Probate Sales, 789; Angell on Watercourses, 790; System of
Shakespeare's Dramas, 791; Frank's Bankrupt Act, 791; Tyler on Part-
nership. 791; American Decisions, Vol. I, 916; Bigelow on Fraud, 923;
American Criminal Reports, Vol. I, 927; Smith on Contracts, 930;
Robinson's Practice, Vol. VII, 932; Maine Reports, Vol. LXVI, 934;
Smith's Elements of the Laws, 935; Stephen's Digest of the Law of Evi-
dence, 936; Hubbell's Legal Directory, 937; Notary's Manual, 938.
Bowman, P. N., Article by

Bump, Orlando F., Article by

Choate, Chas. A., Article by

Civil War and Life Insurance,
Composition in Bankruptcy,
Cooley, Hon. T. M., Article by

Cooper, Hon. W. F., Article by

119, 573

507

583

387

507

33, 531

3, 276, 431

Dartmouth College Causes and the Supreme Court of the United

States,

Digest in Brief of Recent Cases,

62, 185

169, 328, 487, 618, 794, 941

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Effect of a Change in the Law upon Rights of Action and Defences,
Effect of Tender to Discharge Lien upon Property Held as Security
for Debt,

33

767

Election of Judges by the People for Short Terms of Office,

Gantt, Hon. T. T., Article by

18

345

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Liability of Public Officers to Private Actions for Neglect of Official

447

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