moval. The mean tidal range is 9 feet; the extreme 13.5 feet. Work appears to have been commenced by the State of Massachusetts in 1798, since which date a number of small appropriations have been made for maintenance and further improvement. The cost of new work for the completed project was $83,584. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,000.

Those portions of the existing project adopted since 1829 were authorized by the following river and harbor acts:

None required.

Local cooperation. Terminal facilities. There are a total of 10 wharves in the river. Nine of these are privately owned and one is publicly owned by the Town of Kennebunkport, Me. None of these have railroad connections or mechanical handling facilities. All are in poor condition. The facilities are considered adequate for existing traffic.

Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of repairs necessary to restore the breakwater and jetty at the mouth of the river, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed. Plans and specifications to restore the breakwater and jetty at the mouth of the river, by contract, were initiated. Costs were $723, all maintenance funds.

Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1893. The project depth of 4 feet was restored in 1950. The costs under the existing project have been $219,727, of which $83,584 was for new work and $136,143 was for mainte

9. ISLES OF SHOALS HARBOR, MAINE AND N. H. Location. A group of islands in the open sea about 6 miles northeast of Portsmouth Harbor, N. H. Three of them, Smuttynose, Cedar and Star Islands, are so situated that, with the shoals connecting them, they afford a small harbor of fair depth, open only to the west and northwest, known as Gosport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 330.)

Previous projects. The first work of improvement by the Government was ordered by the Act of March 3, 1821. Subsequent modifications and additions were authorized by the act of May 7, 1822, and the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1902. For scope of previous projects see page 1739 of Annual Report for 1915.

Existing project. This provides for the construction of three rough stone breakwaters as follows: One from Smuttynose Island westwardly to Malaga Island on the north side of the harbor, having a length of 240 feet; one extending southeastwardly from Smuttynose Island to Cedar Island, protecting the harbor on the east, having a length of 700 feet; and a third extending southwestwardly from Cedar Island to Star Island, affording protection from the southeast and south, having a length of 530 feet. The mean tidal range is 8.7 feet and the extreme 9.9 feet.

The cost of new work for the completed project was $39,238, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. There is no approved estimate of cost for maintenance.

The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 1122, 60th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed in the Annual Report for 1913, page 1530.

Local cooperation. None.

Terminal facilities. There is one wharf near the hotel on Star Island which is used to accommodate a passenger steamer plying between Portsmouth, N. H., and the Island during 3 months of the

summer.

Operations and results during fiscal year. Restoration of the riprap breakwater between Star and Cedar Islands, by contract, was started on August 21, 1953, and was still under way at the end of fiscal year. During the period 1,200 tons of stone were placed at a cost of $18,163, all maintenance funds.

Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1913. The breakwaters between Smuttynose Island and Cedar Island are in good condition. The breakwater between Star Island to Cedar Island is being repaired. The costs under the existing project have been $92,917, of which $39,238 was for new work and $53,679 for maintenance.

10. NEWBURYPORT HARBOR, MASS.

Location. Newburyport is on the south bank of Merrimack River, about 2.5 miles above the mouth and about 48 miles by

water north of Boston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 331.)

Existing project. This provides for two rubblestone jetties, each 15 feet wide on top at elevation 12 feet above mean low water, with slopes of 1 on 2 on the seaward face and 1 on 1 on the shoreward face; one projecting from the north shore, 4,118 feet, the other from the south shore, 2,445 feet, converging until 1,000 feet apart, and then extending seaward parallel to the axis of the channel for a distance of 1,000 feet; and for partially closing Plum Island Basin by a timber dike about 800 feet long and 5.5 feet above mean low water; the object being to create at the outer bar a permanent channel 1,000 feet wide and at least 17 feet deep at mean low water, to enable vessels of such draft as can proceed at high tide to the wharves at Newburyport to enter the river at mean low water; and a continuous channel from the sea to the wharves at Newburyport, 15 feet deep and 400 feet wide through the bar; thence 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide to and including a widened turning basin in front of the wharves, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation; pending compliance with these conditions, the improvement to be in accordance with a plan to provide a channel 12 feet deep and 400 feet wide through the bar; thence 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide to and including a widened turning basin in front of the wharves. The mean range of tide is 7.9 feet at the bar and 7.8 feet at Newburyport.

The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $650,000, exclusive of $34,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts:

Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States suitable spoil disposal areas, properly bulkheaded, for new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement; and contribute one-third of the first cost, but not to exceed $34,000.

Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of 16 wharves extending along a frontage of about 3,500 feet of the south bank of the Merrimack River below the highway bridge, and 1 small pier on the north side of the river.

The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For full description see Port and Terminal Facilities of the Ports of Northern New England, 1941. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 12-foot channel through the bar and the 9-foot channel to the wharves was in

progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $1,933, all maintenance funds.

Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 69 percent completed, the remaining portion consisting of dredging the channel from the sea to the wharves at Newburyport and a widened turning basin, the depths to be determined by the compliance of local interests with the conditions of local cooperation. The north jetty was completed in 1914; the south jetty was completed, except for a length of about 30 feet at its outer end, in 1905. These jetties are in good condition and completion of the south jetty is not now considered necessary. Plum Island Basin was partially closed in 1883 by the construction of a timber dike. North Rock was removed in 1901. The latest survey (1946) over the bar at the mouth of the river showed a channel with a controlling depth of 10 feet at mean low water for a width of 300 feet, and 6 feet to the wharves at Newburyport. The bar consists of shifting sand, and conditions change rapidly and frequently. The costs under the existing project have been $757,480, of which $463,843 was for new work and $293,637 for maintenance.

Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project.

$186, 157

11. GLOUCESTER HARBOR AND ANNISQUAM RIVER, MASS. Location. Gloucester Harbor is situated at the southern extremity of Cape Ann, about 23 miles northeast by water from Boston Harbor. Annisquam River is a narrow tidal waterway extending across the base of Cape Ann from Gloucester Harbor on the south side to Ipswich Bay on the north side, a distance of approximately 4 miles. A reach of this waterway, at the Gloucester Harbor end, for a length of about 1,800 feet, is known as the Blynman Canal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 243.) Previous projects. Projects for Gloucester Harbor were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, August 5, 1886, and June 3, 1896. There were no previous projects for Annisquam River. For further details see page 1740 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 50 of Annual Report for 1937. Existing project. This provides:

Gloucester Harbor: a. For a rubblestone breakwater 2,250 feet long, surmounted by a superstructure of dry walls of heavy split stone enclosing a core of rubblestone from Eastern Point over Dog Bar to Cat Ledge.

b. For the removal of three ledges in the inner harbor, 1 to 12

feet and 2 to 15 feet depth at mean low water, and five ledges in the outer harbor, 4 to 18 feet and 1 to 25 feet depth at mean low water, aggregating a total of 2,206 cubic yards, place measurement.

c. For removal to depth of 15 feet below mean low water of ledges and boulders obstructing the approach to the wharves between Harbor Cove and Pews wharf, near the head of the inner harbor; dredging to the same depth the channel leading past the wharves and dredging Harbor Cove to the depth of 10 feet at mean low water.

Annisquam River: For a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water 60 feet wide from Gloucester Harbor to the Boston & Maine Railroad bridge, 100 feet wide from the railroad bridge to the mouth of the river, and 200 feet wide across the bar in Ipswich Bay, including the removal of a ledge near the Gloucester Harbor entrance; and for a dredged anchorage area about 17 acres in extent and 8 feet deep at the entrance of Lobster Cove. The project depths refer to mean low water.

The mean range of tide in Gloucester Harbor is 8.7 feet; the extreme range is 12.6 feet. The mean range of tide in Annisquam River is 8.5 feet; the extreme range is about 10 feet.

The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $705,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $25,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000.

The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts:

Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests contribute one-third of the initial cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $25,000, furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-ofway, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the improvement and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished during fiscal year 1949.

Terminal facilities. There are in Gloucester Harbor 61 wharves worthy of mention. The depth beside the wharves varies from 0 to 20 feet at mean low water. Except for 3 wharves, 2 owned by the city and the fish pier which is leased by the city from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, all are private and are not available