Building Natural Language Generation SystemsThis book explains how to build Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems - computer software systems which use techniques from artificial intelligence and computational linguistics to automatically generate understandable texts in English or other human languages, either in isolation or as part of multimedia documents, Web pages, and speech output systems. Typically starting from some non-linguistic representation of information as input, NLG systems use knowledge about language and the application domain to automatically produce documents, reports, explanations, help messages, and other kinds of texts. The book covers the algorithms and representations needed to perform the core tasks of document planning, microplanning, and surface realization, using a case study to show how these components fit together. It also discusses engineering issues such as system architecture, requirements analysis, and the integration of text generation into multimedia and speech output systems. |
Contents
1 Introduction | 1 |
2 National Language Generation in Practice | 23 |
3 The Architecture of a Natural Language Generation System | 41 |
4 Document Planning | 79 |
5 Microplanning | 114 |
6 Surface Realisation | 159 |
7 Beyond Text Generation | 198 |
NLG Systems Mentioned in This Book | 229 |
231 | |
243 | |
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Common terms and phrases
abstract syntactic structures aggregation algorithm analysis application appropriate architecture Artificial Intelligence average chapter clause communicative goal component constituent constraints construct content determination corpus described discourse relations discussed document plan document planner document presentation system document structuring domain model DSyntS Echidna elements entities example function Functional Unification Grammar grammar hypertext IDAS input intended referent KPML lexemes lexicalised case frame linguistic realisation mark-up McKeown Meaning-Text Theory means messages microplanner MODELEXPLAINER month Monthly TemperatureMsg natural language natural language processing NLG system NLG technology nodes noun phrases paragraphs particular PEBA phrase specifications PPSAbstractSyntax head produce pronouns proto-phrase specification rainfall rainy days REALPRO referring expression Reiter rules schema Section semantic sentence shown in Figure simple speech synthesis surface form surface realisation Systemic Functional Grammar target texts task text corpus text specification textual tion typographic user model verb WEATHERREPORTER words