Treasurer, Sir Edmund Antrobus, Bart.; Bankers, Messrs. Coutts and Messrs. Hoares; and Joint Honorary Secretaries, J. Britton, esq. 17, Burton-st. and George Alexander, esq. Adam-st. Adelphi.

THE ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY. June 2. The last conversazione for this session was held in Lincoln's Inn Fields; and amongst the visitors present were the Earl de Grey, President of the Institute of Architects, and several distinguished members of that society; also, the Dean of Hereford, the Hon. Col. Fox, Mr. Walker, President of the Society of Civil Engineers, &c. &c.

Mr. Grellier read the Report of the last year's proceedings, from which it appears that the Society has increased considerably in numbers, and that their funds are amply sufficient for all the purposes of the institution; and that the attendance of members and students at their lectures was also much greater than it has been heretofore.

The President, William Tite, esq. F.R.S. addressed the meeting, and gave a historical discourse on Exchanges, or Bourses; commencing with ancient Tyre and other oriental cities where commerce flourished, and where such places of resort were built, as in Europe afterwards, for the convenience of those engaged in commercial intercourse. They are mentioned by Livy 439 years B. C. Those of Greece and Rome were next described, the former being a plain open space, the latter divided into two parts; and he observed that the Roman fora had much resemblance to the modern exchanges; they were of an oblong form; those of the Greeks were square, and they were at that early time places of assembly for merchants, of whom there was a college in Rome associated in the temple of Mercury. The Rialto, in Venice, was not the place of exchange, but it led to the first island that was inhabited, in which was St. James's Church, and before the church was the place of exchange. In the Netherlands, a bourse was erected at Bruges in 1531, and those of Antwerp and Amsterdam were afterwards erected. From these the French borrowed their ideas, and adopted them at Rouen and other commercial cities. It was not until 1566 that the first stone was laid of the first Gresham Exchange, which appears to have been in a great measure copied from that of Antwerp; and in 1571, Queen Elizabeth in person conferred on it the name of Royal Exchange; and its plan was adopted in that of Amsterdam, A.D.'1608. The old Gresham Exchange was burned down in 1666, and the late one was erected by Ed

ward Jarman, not by Sir C. Wren, as is commonly reported. The exchanges of Paris, St. Petersburg, Dublin, and Glasgow, are covered in, but that of Liverpool has an open area of large dimensions.

After this discourse the President proceeded to deliver the rewards to the successful candidates, as follows:-1st. To Mr. Horace Jones, for an original design of a concert-room; a pair of silver compasses. 2nd. To Mr. William Padmore, of the best measured drawings of the Burlington House Colonnade; Sir W. Chambers's Architecture. 3d. To Mr. Arthur John Green, for the best abridgment and notices of the lectures delivered; the fifth vol. Britton's Antiquities. 4th. Mr. W. Padmore, for the best sketches of designs of buildings, the Antiquities of Athens.

ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE.

The formation of a Society in each of the two sister Universities for the common object of "Promoting the study of Gothic Architecture," is a remarkable and gratifying sign of the times, as an evidence of the return of good taste and good feeling in the very best quarters for such a revival to emanate from-among that class which must hereafter have the greatest influence upon the country at large-and a proof that zeal for the "honour and glory of God" is not wanting among those who are now training up to become His ministers in those temples which it is their earnest wish and endeavour to make more worthy of the purpose to which they are devoted.

The first Report of the "Cambridge Camden Society" has just reached us. It commences with an eloquent and excellent address from the President, Archdeacon Thorpe; after which comes a summary of the proceedings of the first year, in the name of the Committee. The first rule of the Cambridge Society is-"1. The object of the Society shall be to promote the study of Ecclesiastical Architecture and Antiquities, and the restoration of mutilated Architectural remains. "—a most ample field, in which we heartily wish them success, while we admire their courage in making the attempt with such slender means. The stripping off the plaister coating from the Saxon tower of St. Benet's Church, Cambridge, is the chief operation of this kind at present effected by the Society. They have also restored the fonts in Coton Church, and in St. Patrick's, Dublin, and contributed to the "opening and repairing the beautiful decorated windows of Sandiacre Church, Derbyshire, and the Collegiate Church of Howden, Yorkshire."

The Oxford Architectural Society ap

pear to have considered such objects at present as beyond their reach, and that their first object was to instruct their own members. Accordingly their collection of books and models is infinitely superior to that of the Cambridge Society, while they have also a large collection of "casts of mouldings and details," which are exceedingly valuable to the student wishing to learn the distinctions between the styles with accuracy. This part of the Oxford plan is novel, and their room affords the first attempt in this country to collect a "museum of specimens of the architecture and sculpture of the middle ages." We understand that the example is to be followed in the British Museum, where a department is to be given to this purpose, and one of the members of the Oxford Society is to have the direction of it. Another subject to which both Societies have given some attention is that of Monumental Brasses; but the Oxford Society has been contented with getting impressions rubbed from a few of the finer specimens, and instructing her members in the process, which is a very simple and easy one, while the Cambridge Society has made a much larger collection, and is publishing a series of engravings of them.

The Cambridge Society reckons upwards of 180 members. The Oxford Society has only 150. The Cambridge Society has very handsomely contributed £50 towards the restoration of York Minster, and offers to collect further subscriptions; and the sum of £25 has been contributed to this fund by one individual. This is a noble example, worthy of all praise. The Cambridge men have received "Reports" of no less than 163 churches; filling up a schedule of inquiries, which they have printed and distributed to their members for the purpose. On the other hand, it is part of the Oxford plan to print a selection of their papers, and illustrate them by engravings. The "Glossary of Architecture" may be considered as the first and chief publication of the Society, being compiled by their Secretary, assisted by several other members, and including several of their papers. We believe that this work has done much to promote the object of the Society. The paper on Hasely Church is just printed, and forms a worthy companion and supplement to the "Glossary."

THE MARTYRS' MEMORIAL AT OXFORD. The designs sent in were seven in number, and were submitted by the following parties:-Mr. John Blore, of London; Mr. Buckler, of London; Mr. Derick, of Oxford; Mr. Mair, of London; Mr. Hadfield, of Sheffield; Mr. Mitchell,

of Sheffield (a volunteer); and Messrs. Scott and Moffatt, of London. After repeated meetings of the Committee the designs were reduced to three, namely, Mr. Blore's, Mr. Derick's, and Messrs. Scott and Moffatt's. Between the last mentioned design and Mr. Derick's the difficulty of deciding rested, and eventually the Committee went to the vote, when a trifling majority appeared to be in favour of Messrs. Scott's. We hear that the design, which will be carried into effect with a few alterations, is exceedingly beautiful and striking, and well worthy of the object which it is intended to commemo

rate.

CHATTERTON'S MONUMENT AT BRISTOL. We have been requested to notice the Monumental Cross erected to the memory of Chatterton at Bristol: but it will be impossible for us in the same page in which the carefully considered Martyrs' Cross is mentioned, to characterize it as an "admirable work," or as showing "both judgment and true genius" in Mr. S. C. Fripp, jun. architect, of Bristol. On the contrary, we consider it altogether as bad a composition as could well be de. signed. Its pediments with their crochets and finials are copied from the beautiful porch of St. Mary's Redcliffe, contiguous to which it is erected. They therefore are unexceptionable; but all the rest is woefully incorrect. It is of three stories: the first of which has sunken pannels filled with inscriptions, very desightly from their plainness, their extreme shallowness, and as not belonging to pointed architecture, their heads not terminating in an arch or arches of any kind, but only having the corners cut off! The second story has niches, which in the first place are empty of statues, and, in the next, are blocked up in the centre with a book clapped on!! The third story consists of empty niches again; and the terminating feature, instead of being either a cross or a finial, is one of the statues that ought to have been supplied to the niches. It represents the unhappy bluecoat boy, holding a long scroll. On the whole, the erection will furnish Mr. Pugin with one of his best subjects for "Architectural Contrasts." Grievously indeed are the Bristolians visited for the rejection of their High Cross, which they allowed to be carried off to Stourhead! They are distanced far by the humble town of Sheffield (see the engraving of the Cholera Cross in our number for Jan. 1836, from the volume entitled "Cruciana.")

The monument is built of Bath stone, and is thirty-one feet high; and it is injudiciously placed where any monument of

the size, however well executed, would have been lost against the gigantic proportions of St. Mary Redcliffe. The correctness of our description will be seen by an engraving in "The Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal" for April.

A controversy has been carried on in the Bristol Journal on the moral propriety of erecting a Monument to Chatterton at all; a point upon which the

worthy Vicar of St. Mary's Redcliffe had such scruples as to refuse it entrance within the church: but on that question we do not wish to speak. We have considered Mr. Fripp's work as a public monument, independently of the name to which it is dedicated, and we are sorry to say it is disgraceful to Bristol. The inscriptions we may take a future opportunity of giving in another place.

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES.

May 28. Hudson Gurney, esq. V.P. Thomas Mason, esq. of Copt Hewick, near Ripon, was elected a Fellow of the Society.

Mr. Gurney exhibited an impression of the seal of the Earl of Derby and Countess of Richmond, Lord and Lady of the Honour of Richmond, temp. Hen. VII.

The Dean of Hereford exhibited a model of the head of a bishop's crook, or pastoral staff, discovered in Hereford Cathedral in the year 1813, resting on the shoulder of a skeleton, with a ring and the leaden seal of a papal bull. These relics were preserved in the library of the cathedral, whence they were stolen in 1838, and the model was made from a drawing. The Dean considered the remains to be those of Trellic, Bishop of Hereford in the reign of Henry III.

Mr. Halliwell's paper "On Certain Events in England in the reign of Edward IV." was concluded.

L. N. Cottingham, esq. F.S. A. exhibited a drawing of an ancient painting discovered on the wall of Rochester Cathedral, on removing the pulpit, having the costume of the thirteenth century; of which we shall give a further account next month.

W. J. Thoms, esq. F.S.A. communicated a paper, "On the Connexion of the Early Drama of England and Germany," observing that the English appear to have led the Germans in their taste for the drama; English comedians performed often in Germany, and English plays were translated into the German language; and that an old English play had been the foundation of Shakspere's "" Tempest," and also of a German play.

June 4. Mr. Gurney in the chair.

William Chappell, esq. of George-st. Hanover-square, editor of a collection of Metrical English Airs, was elected a Fellow of the Society.

The Rev. F. H. Barnwell, F. R. S. and F.S.A. exhibited a square silver dish, fifteen inches in diameter, found at Mileham in Norfolk; and Edward Acton, esq. exhibited a similar dish of mixed white

metal, together with eight other vessels of the same service, (dishes, cups, and an amphora,) found at Icklingham in Suffolk. Mr. Gage Rokewode made some remarks on these articles; but it appeared very doubtful whether they are of the Roman or of mediæval age, though two Roman coins occurred in the latter discovery.

Rawdon Browne, esq. in a letter from Venice, gave an account of the discovery he had made in that city of a very interesting memorial of the family of Howard, an heraldic carving in stone or marble. He was first induced to search for this relic by observing a woodcut engraving of it in a book of heraldry printed at Venice about 150 years ago. After some trouble, he traced it to the time when Venice was visited by the French revolutionists, when it had been laid down as pavement, and the workman ordered to deface it, which he had fortunately been unwilling to do. It was consequently rescued from its situation, and has been sent to Mr. Henry Howard at Corby. It represents the Swan of Bolingbroke, supporting the banner of the Earl Marshal, the White Hart of Richard the Second, Ostrich Feathers, &c.

A portion was then read of some Observations on the Heraldic Devices, &c. lately discovered on the effigies of King Richard the Second and his Queen Anne, on their tombs at Westminster, by John Gough Nichols, esq. F.S.A.; and the Society adjourned over Easter week to

June 18. When Mr. Gurney was again in the chair, Mr. Davis exhibited a small statue of bronze, and three Roman tickets or counters, recently found in digging the foundation of the new building at St. Thomas's Hospital.

Sir Everard Home exhibited a plan of Odiam Castle, Hampshire, with an elevation of its walls. It consists principally of an octagon keep, and the walls are ten feet in thickness.

John Warkworth, esq. communicated a fac-simile of an inscription on a stone found at Norton, near Malton. The stone measures 13 inches by 8; and the words decyphered are FELICITER SIT GENIO LOCI.

Mr. L. A. B. Waller exhibited seven drawings of monumental brasses, as follows:-1. Brass of John Leventhorp, Esq. and Katharine his wife, in Sawbridgeworth Church, Herts, 1433. 2. Of Nicholas Manston, Esq. St. Lawrence Church, Isle of Thanet, 1444. 3. Of John Daundelyon, Esq. Margate Church, 1445. 4. Of Walter Greene, Esq. Hayes Church, Middlesex, 1450. 5. Of a knight of the Paris family, temp. Hen. VI. 6. Of Richard Quatremayns and Sybil his wife, in Thame Church, Oxfordshire, 1468. And 7. Enamelled brass of Sir John Say and wife, in Broxbourn Church, Herts, 1473. These brasses afford good illustrations of military costume during the reigns of Henry VI. and Edward IV. the period of the contest between the houses of York and Lancaster.

James Whishaw, esq. F.S.A. exhibited an impression of the seal of the almshouse founded at Lambourne in Berkshire, by John Isbury, in the year 1500, accompanied by some particulars of its history. The seal represents the Holy Trinity, and, beneath, the founder in prayer, with his shield of arms.

Mr. John Gough Nichols's paper was

then concluded. It consisted of remarks upon the antient practice of diapering or "powdering" dresses, as well as tapestry and other furniture, with cognizances and other heraldic devices; of particular notices of the several badges of King Richard, the White Hart, the Broom Plant, and the Rising Sun; of the Queen's badge, the Ostrich of Bohemia; and, incidentally, of the Ostrich Feather assumed by various branches of the Royal house of England; and on the peculiar manner in which these devices are impressed on the effigies, named by dotted points, which was called pounced work." He concluded by recommending that means should be taken to clear the whole of the effigies and the "bed" on which they are placed, portions only being hitherto uncovered.

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The Society then adjourned to the 19th of November.

GALLERY OF STONES IN FORFARSHIRE.

MR. URBAN,-I send you a sketch of a curious building found under ground on the property of Mr. Murray, of Lintrose, in the parish of Kettins, near Cupar Angus, in the county of Forfar.

rude stone posts. The floor still slopes to D about three feet more, from which point to A it is level: it is paved with