Beauregard, General P. G. T., 543, 546,
552 f., 560
Bedford, Gunning, 140
Beecher, H. W., 532
Beer, G. L., 30 n. I
Bell, John, 403, 520
Benjamin, J. P., 574, 602 f.
Benton, T. H., 304 and n., 337 n., 340,
358f., 374 n. 1, 385 n., 438 f., 444, 488n.
"Benton's Mint Drops," 386
Berkeley, Governor William, 16, 24n.
Berlin Decree, 235, 238
Biddle, Nicholas, 359 f., 363 f., 382, 386
Bienville, Céleron de, 47
Biglow Papers," 434
Birney, James G., 419f.
Black, Jeremiah W., 524,527
Black Rock, raid, 263
Black Warrior affair, 464 f.
"Bladensburg races," 272
Blaine, James G., 492, 595 n.
Blair, Francis P., Jr., 548
Blair, James, 151
Blair, Montgomery, 501 n., 541 and n.2,
596 f., 602
Blennerhassett, H., 229
Blockade of South, 545f., 562f., 574,
Bovay, E. A., 491
Braddock's defeat, 48
Bragg, General Braxton, 571, 573, 582f.
Brandywine Creek, battle of, 91
Breckinridge, John, 194
Breckinridge, J. C., 497, 520
Brock, General Isaac, 262
Brooklyn Heights, battle of, 84
Brooks, Preston S., 496
Brougham, Lord, 285, 416
Brown, General Jacob, 269 f., 287
Brown, John, 496, 515 f.
Brown, Governor Joseph E., 574, 601
Bryant, W. C., 171n.
Bryce, James, 528
Buchanan, James, and Ostend Mani-
festo, 464; minister to England, 467;
nominated 1856, 497; president, 500 f.,
indecision, 524f.; change of spirit,
545
Buckner, General Simon B., 558
Buell, General Don Carlos, 557, 573
Buena Vista, battle of, 431 f.
Buford, Major, 495
Bullock, James, 617 f.
Bull Run, battle of (first), 553 f.
Bull Run, battle of (second), 569f.
Bulwer, Sir Henry L., 461 f.
Burgess, J. W., 107, 137 n., 390, 489
Burgesses, House of, 13
Burgoyne, General John, 90 f.
Burke, Edmund, 58 f., 64, 67, 8in.
Burnside, General A. E., 572 and n. 2
Burr, Aaron, 198f., 222, 224, 228f.,
230f.
Butler, A. P., 444, 495 f.
Butler, General B. F., 554, 561
Cabinet, 150f.
Cable, Atlantic, 275, 530
Cabot, John, 21
Cadore, Duc de, 247 f.
Calhoun, John C., as a nationalist, 249,
283f., 287, 296 f.; and Jackson, 301f.,
354f.; as Secretary of War, 341; as
vice president, 342, 353; opposes
tariff, 345f., 353, 369; on nullifica-
tion, 373; on abolitionists, 389, 398f.;
relations with Texas, 417, 419; on
Wilmot Proviso, 444; on Com-
promise of 1850, 449f.; and Nash-
ville convention, 454; on slavery,
539
California, 427 f., 433, 444f., 448f., 454
Callender, G. S., 131n., 161 n.
Calvinists of Rhine, 3
Cameron, Simon, 541 n. 2, 547, 556, 602
Canada, French, 45f., 54; and War of
1812, 259f.; in 1837, 396f.
Canning, George, 102, 238f., 241, 245,
256, 324, 326
Canton, 131
Carlton, Sir Guy, 99, 102
Carmarthen, Lord, 121, 124
Caroline affair, 397, 409 f.
Cass, Lewis, 410, 441f. 446, 458, 503,
Castlereagh, Lord, 256, 275, 277
Cedar Creek, battle of, 588
Census of 1850, 467f.
Central America, 462 f.
Cerro Gordo, battle of, 432
Champlain, 36n.
Chancellorsville, battle of, 575
Channing, Edward, 29n.3, 42 n.1,
129 n. 2, 131n., 186, 217
Charles I, King, 10, 23 f.
Charles II, King, 9, 11, 14, 24f., 56
Charleston, 93 f., 519f., 524f., 543 f., 620
Chase, Salmon P., on Compromise of
1850, 453; in convention of 1860,
521; Secretary of the Treasury, 534,
541 and n.2, 558; and war finance,
576 and n., 584, 605f.
Chase, Samuel, 78, 114, 211, 225
Chatham, see Pitt
Chattanooga, 574, 582 f.
Cherbourg, battle of, 618
Cherokees, 340 f.
Chesapeake affair, 231 f., 239, 250
Chesapeake defeated, 267
Chesterfield, Lord, 49, 51
Cheves, Langdon, 249, 329, 490
Chickamauga, battle of, 582
Chippewa, battle of, 270
Choate, Rufus, 500
Christian Commission, 611
Clarendon, Lord, 25
Clark, Daniel, 229
Clark, George Rogers, 100 n. 1, 126
Clark, William, 221 f.
Clay, Henry, and War of 1812, 249,
252, 260; at Ghent, 276; on National
Bank, 284, 358, 363, 385, 404f.; op-
poses treaty of 1819 with Spain, 304
and n.; on Missouri Compromise,
316, 318n.; on Monroe Doctrine,
322 f.; in campaign of 1824, 327,
330f.; Secretary of State, 333f.,
338f.; in campaign of 1832, 362f.;
compromise of 1833, 373; on abo-
lition, 398f.; and Harrison, 399, 403;
and Tyler, 404f., 407; in campaign
of 1844, 418f.; and Compromise of
1850, 447f., 453, 456; death, 458
Clayton, J. M., 461 f.
Clayton Compromise, 440
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 462
Clinton, DeWitt, 266
Clinton, George, 119
Clinton, Sir Henry, 84, 90 f., 93, 96, 98
Cobb, Howell, 316, 447, 503 f., 527 n.
Cockburn, Admiral, 272
Colbert, 30 n. 1, 45
Cold Harbor, battle of, 587 and n.
Collins, E. L., 478 and n. I
Colombia, 323, 338, 461
Columbia, South Carolina, 590
Columbia River, 160 n. 2, 221
Commerce, of United States, 160, 173
and n., 174, 232f., 236, 241, 248, 256,
266f., 285, 290 n. 1, 477f.
Committees of Correspondence, 70 n., 71
Committees of Safety, 71
"Common Sense," 81
Compromise, Missouri, 309 f.
Compromise of 1833, 374f.
Compromise of 1850, 443 f., 466
Conciliatory Act, 92
Concord, battle at, 75
Confederacy, Southern, 529, 535 and n.,
Contraband of war," 554n.2
Contreras, battle of, 432
Cooper, Peter, 381
Cooper, Thomas, 343
Cooper Union speech, 518f.
Copenhagen, 240
"Copperheads," 575 f.
Corinth, 560
Cornwallis, General, 85, 89f., 93 f., 96 f.,
98
"Corrupt bargain," 333
Corwin, Thomas, 446
Cotton, John, 20 and n.
Cotton, production and trade, 287, 295,
314 and n., 472 f., 551n.1, 562f., 609
and n., 610
"Cotton is King," 473, 513
Coureurs de bois, 34
Cowpens, battle of, 96
Crawford, W. H., 285, 288, 331 f., 337 n.,
354f.
Creeks, 273, 340 f.
Creole affair, 410 f.
"Crime against Kansas," 495
Crimean War, 465
Crittenden, Colonel, 463
Crittenden, J. J., 404, 406
Crittenden Compromise, 525 f., 528, 537
Cromwell, Oliver, 13 f., 23 f., 31
Cuba, 339, 462 f., 514
Cumberland Road, 257, 321
Cunard, Samuel, 477 f.
Currency, in Revolution, 96; Conti-
nental, 120 f.; in Jackson's day, 386;
in Civil War, 603 f.
Curtis, Justice, 502
Dallas, Alexander J., 285, 290n. 2
Dartmouth, Lord, 79, 311
Dartmouth College case, 306 f.
Davies, William, 183, 185
Davis, David, 521
Davis, Henry Winter, 599, 619n. I
Davis, Jefferson, Secretary of War, 467;
on railroads, 480; in Senate, 504;
resolutions of 1860, 518; on seces-
sion, 533; as president, 535, 545, 553,
558, 565, 574, 587; on Union, 590;
escape of, 591; opposition to, 600 f.
Davis-Wade Bill, 599f.
Dearborn, General Henry, 206, 257, 263,
267
De Bow, quoted, 473 n.3, 476 and n.,
513, 515
Debt, colonial, 60 and n.; in 1783, 118
and n.; in 1789, 154f.; extinguished,
391; of states, 410, 479f.; in Civil
War, 606 f.
Debtors' prisons, 380
Decatur, Stephen, 211, 264
Declaration of Independence, 71f., 80
Dorr, Thomas, 349 n.2
Douglas, Stephen A., 483 f.; on Kansas,
498f.; and Buchanan, 504f.; and
Lincoln, 507 f.; on slave trade, 514f.;
in campaign of 1860, 519f.; on
South, 522, 545
Draft riots, 584, 599 n. I
Drake, Francis, 6
Dred Scott case, 501f., 521n.
Duane, William, 224, 383
Du Barras, 98
Dunmore, Governor, 109
Duquesne, Fort, 50
Dutch on Hudson, 3, 21 n.
Dwight, Timothy, 198, 292
D'Yrujo, 229
Early, General Jubal, 587 f.
Eaton, John, 354n.
Edict of Nantes, 3
Education, in colonies, 15 f.; North and
South, 474 f.
"Elastic clause," 160
Election, of 1792, 166, 167n.1; of 1796,
188; of 1800, 185, 195f., 202f.; of
1812, 266; of 1816, 288; of 1824,
330f.; of 1828, 345; of 1832, 365;
of 1836, 393; of 1840, 401; of 1844,
419f.; of 1848, 442; of 1852, 458f.;
of 1856, 500; of 1860, 522f.; of 1864,
588
Elizabeth, Queen, 6f., 10f.
Ellmaker, Amos, 361
Ellsworth, Oliver, 139, 183
Emancipation, compensated, 594
Emancipation Proclamation, 572 n.1,
595 f.
Embargo, of 1794, 174; of 1808, 240 f.
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 489
Emigrant Aid Society, 493
English Bill, 506f.
Enumerated commodities," 44 and n.
Eppes, John, 228n.
"Era of good feelings," 289f., 299, 320,
Excise of 1791, 209
"Exposition and Protest," 345 f.
Fair Oaks, battle of, 565
Fallen Timbers, battle of, 177
"Family Compact," 172n.
Faneuil, Peter, 43
Farewell Address, 123, 188
Farragut, Admiral D. G., 561, 587
'Federalist, The," 143
Federalists, 162, 175, 202 f., 241f.
Ferguson, Colonel, 94
Field, Roswell, 501 n.
"Fifty-four forty or fight," 437
Fillmore, Millard, 454, 458, 498, 500
Finances, Confederate, 555 n., 604, 608 f.
Finances, Northern, 576 n., 584, 603, f.
Fisheries, 305n.
Fite, E. D., quoted, 611f.
Five Forks, battle of, 591
"Five-twenties," 605
Fletcher vs. Peck, 228
Flint, Timothy, 299, 309
Florida, 59, 99, 105, 272, 300f., 303f.,
399, 443 n., 446
Florida, the, 617
Florida-Blanca, 126
Floyd, James, 504, 527 n.1
Floyd, John, 371
Foote, A. H., 355, 557f., 561
Forbes, General, 50
"Force Bill," of 1833, 374f.
Forney, J. W., 505
Forster, W. E., 618
Forsythe, John, 397, 532
Fort Donelson, 557 f.
Fort Duquesne, 50
Fort Henry, 557
Fort Jackson, 273
Fort Lee, 85
Fort McHenry, 272
Fort Mimms, 273
Fort St. Marks, 301
Fort St. Philip, 273
Fort Washington, 85
"Forty-niners,” 444f.
Fouché, 231 n.
Fox, C. J., 81n., 235
Fox, G. V., 554n.
France, aid from, 83, 92 f., 97n., 166;
war with, in 1798, 181f.
Franklin, Benjamin, 40, 65, 77 and n.,
86n., 92, 99, 105, 109, 113, 124, 132,
139f.
Franklin, state of, 127
Gag rule," 390
Gage, Governor, 70, 72, 75
Gaines, General, 341
Gaines's Mill, battle of, 566
Gallatin, Albert, 206f., 241, 244, 248,
256f., 266, 275f.
Galloway, James, 72
Gardoqui, 126
Garrison, William Lloyd, 380, 388, 620
Gates, General Horatio, 91
Geary, J. W., 499, 504
Genêt, Edmond, 170f., 175
George III, 41, 51, 56f., 67, 74f., 80,
89 n., 98, 129, 255 f., 290
Georgia, 42 n.2, 94, 114, 227, 340f.
Germantown, 3; battle of, 91
Gerry, Elbridge, 180
Gettysburg, battle of, 577 f.
Ghent, Treaty of, 271, 275
Gibraltar, 99
Gillespie, Lieutenant, 428
Gist, Christopher, 47
Gist, Governor, 522
Gladstone, W. E., 133
Godoy, Don Manuel, 177
Gold, discovery, 444 f., 471
"Gold pills," 58
Granger, Gideon, 206
Grant, Sir William, 233
Grant, General U. S., 557 f., 579f., 583,
586f., 591
Gray, Captain Robert, 160n. 2,305
Great Britain, and colonies, 20f., 55f.,
103; and United States, 121f., 172f.,
285, 329; and Confederacy, 614f.
Greeley, Horace, 489, 491, 507, 521, 533,
598 n.2
Halleck, General W. H., 556 f., 569
Hamilton, Alexander, and the Consti-
tution, 135, 137, 143; Secretary of
the Treasury, 150, 152f., 171f.; de-
fends Jay's Treaty, 176; and French
war, 181f.; and Whisky Rebellion,
186f.; and Adams, 189, 191, 192 n.,
197, 199; and Burr, 200, 222
Hamilton, Governor, of South Carolina,
371, 373
Hammond, Senator, 513, 517f.
Hampton, General Wade, 267
Hampton Roads, battle of, 563 f.; con-
Hartford Convention, 279f.
"Hartford wits," 136
Harvard College, 15, 378
Harvey, John, 14
Hawkes, Admiral, 61
Hay, George, 230, 264
Hayne, Robert Y., 340, 345, 355 f., 373
Helper, H. R., 517
Henry, Patrick, 57, 59 n. 1, 64, 100n.,
108, 141f., 163 n. 1, 312 n.
Hessians, 89
Hicks, Governor, of Maryland, 547
Hill, General A. P., 576
Hill, General D. H., 571
Hill, Isaac, 353, 357
Hillsborough, Lord, 23
Hise, Elijah, 461
Homestead Bill, 515
Hood, General J. B., 589
Hooker, General Joseph, 575, 577, 583
Hooker, Thomas, 20n.
Hopkinson, Joseph, 181
Houston, General Samuel, 412 f.
Howe, General George, 86
Howe, Lord Richard, 84
Howe, General William, 83 f., 88 and n.,
Hudson, campaign for, 90 f.
Huelsemann, Chevalier, 459
Huguenots, 3
Hull, Isaac, 264
Hull, General William, 257, 260 f.
Hungary, 459 f.
"Hunkers," 441
Hunt, Mrs. R. L., 534f.
Hunter, General, 594 n.
Hutchinson, Thomas, 55, 64, 66, 70, 74n.
Intolerable Acts, 70, 72, 92
Iowa admitted, 443 n.
Ireland, 60, 79n., 469f.
Iroquois, 36 n., 114
"Irrepressible Conflict, The," 521
Izard, General George, 269
Jackson, Andrew, senator, 189; and
Burr, 229; in War of 1812, 269,
273f., 287; and Indians, 300 f.; on
Texas, 304n.; campaign of 1824,
330f., 335 n.; campaign of 1828, 345;
presidency, 348 f.; character, 351f.,
365f.; and Calhoun, 354f.; and
Bank, 358f., 363 f.; reëlected in 1832,
365; and nullification, 368 n., 369f.,
372; second term, 377f.; foreign
affairs, 378f.; censured, 384; op-
position to, 387; end of era, 402; on
Texas, 413
Jackson, General T. J. ("Stonewall"),
533 f., 569 f., 575
Jackson, Michigan, 491
Jackson, Mississippi, 579
"Jackson's Yellow Boys," 386
James I, 1f., 7f., 22
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