(532 i diezqë, and to abas .ad l. fra 36 „ci quobb gr To be continued in our future Supplements.) IN compiling this retrospect, we fhall 24 [Sup MAGINET, Quai des Auguflines, Ân. VI, The diffolution of Poland, and her laft convulfive ftruggies, belong, no doubt, to the prominent features of our eventful era; and yet, the latter military operations in that country, were hitherto involved in a mysterious darkness, which the hiftorian, whofe only fources of information were the partial reports of Ruflian generals, was hitherto not able to difpel. This work is, therefore, the more important, as it con chiefly have recourfe to the two-lites, 8vo. rary journais now publishing at Paris. The Decade Philofophique appears every ten days. about thirty-fix numbers forming a year; it confifts of four fheets, large octavo, and the price is thirty francs by the year, or 1. 5s about ninepence each number. The Magazin Encyclopediquer is published every fortnight, and confists of nine the ts, ociavo; fix volumes, of four numberscach, complete the year. Thefatwenty-four numbers cost thirty-fix_tains the accounts of the opposite party, francs.or 1.110s. each number.about us, gd. We, confefs we much prefer, the form, and time of publication, observed in the English journals) zi 5g baint polohu HISTORY 9 edom - Hiftoire des Vaudois, &c... The hißory of the Vaudois, inhabitants of the western vales of Piedmont, 2 vols. 8vo. Thefe people are already noted in ccclefiaftic ftory; their name is derived from the yalleys which they inhabit on the, weft of Piedmont between the Briançonnois and the province of Piguerol, between the marquifate of Suza and that of Sall cess Thele valleys form a fquare of about welve Italian miles; their chief denominations are Lyzerne, Perouze, and, St. Martin: the population, exceeds "not a7,000 fouls. In this fmall recefs, religious liberty and perfecution have long trugled. The author, himself a Vaudon, delineates these struggles in an interesting manner. Hiftoire des Révolutions, &c. The hiftory of thofe celebrated revolutions which have changed the face of empires, 3 vols. 8voz This work comprises: confpiracies, as well as revolutions,The first volume begins with the confpiracy of Aroaces against Sandanapalus, and ends with that of the Swits against the Houle of Austria; the second prefn sofe of the north of Europes, and the third, thofe of Spain, Portugal, Italy, and France. This.col lection of thofe, Icenes, which are most riking in the drama of hiftory, cannot fail to be interciting ! Hfuire de la Révolution de Pologne, en 1794dpanjun témom oculaire, à Paris, ches This journal is inferior to the other, being filled with infipid antiquities by the antiquary Millin, the publisher. and is written by a man, who, having been an eye-witnefs of the tranfactions he relates, defcribes them, though with fome apparent generous bias towards the caufe of oppreffed liberty, and juftice, yet with fidelity and truth. His work, is divided into two parts; the first of which contains a brief account of the Polish revolution; and, the Lecond, twenty-four state-papers relative to that event. After having briefly delineated the internal state of Poland, previous to the year 1794, and the reign of the late king Stanislaus, against whom the author adduces the charge of timorous irrefolution, and want of fincerity towards the infurgents, i he unfolds the fecret fprings of the revolution which broke out in 1794, and relates the events of the war against the Ruffians; the flue of which, from the obvious iafufficiency of means, could not but prove unfortunate. The hiftorical account concludes with the, capture of Prague, and the difbanding, of the army of the infur gents, which was immediately followed by the political diffolusion of Poland. Hifiore abregé des Republiques, anciennes & modernes, par le Citoyen BALARD, avec figures, à Paris, chez CAILLOT, Imprimeur Libraire, l'an, vi, 4 yol. 12mo. This work affords an additional proof of the truth of an observation, which has. been as frequently contefted as made, that the French revolution differs from fimilar events recorded in the andais of hiftory, merely from a peculiar complexion of circumftances, and the temper of the times. The author gives a brief historical account of ancient and modern republics, and delineates, in a pleafing manner, their ori gin, organization, and the causes of their decline and downfall. The work comprifes the Grecian republics of Athens, Lacedemos, Vol. V.] Retrospect of French Literature.Politics. Lacedemon, and Thebes; the republics of Carthage and Rome, down to the battle of Actium, the late republic of Venice, and the republics of Genoa, Lucca, Sau Marino, Ragufa, Holland, Swifferland; Geneva, and America, and concludes with a fuccinct impartial account of the Republican revolution. in France. › Campagnes du General Buonaparte, &c. The Campaigns of General Buonaparte in Italy, during the fourth and fifth Years of the French Republic, by a General Officer, 8vo. This is an interefting account of these two wonderful campaigns, which reconcile us to the miracles of ancient hiftory.. Mémoire Militaire sur Kehl, &c. A Military Memoir refpecting Kehl, containing an Account of the Paffage of the Rhine, by the Army under General Moreau, and of the Siege of Kehl. by an Officer, 8vo. with Maps. This work will be useful to the future hiftorian, by prefeating minute and exact detaus of important military operations. According to this account, the fiege of Kehl, by the Archduke Charles, was one of the molt difgraceful and deft uctive operations which the Austrians ever undertook. It was a puerile piece of obft n nacy; while, had he advanced in imitation of the French mode, Kehl must have fallen of courfe. Memoires de Paul Jones, &c. Memoirs of Paul Jones, written by himself, analyfed and tranflated under his own eye, by the Cit. André, 16mo. In this little work Paul does not boast of his own maritime exploits it is chiefly occupied with complaints against the ignorance of the French miniftry, and corruption of their clerks, which frustrated his operation. He has likewife occafion to complain of ingrati tude, both from France and America. L'Inde en rapport avec l'Europe, &c. India confidered with regard to its Connexions with Europe, by Anquetil du Peron. 2 vols. 8vo. After his researches into the antiquities and geography of India, this author defcends to its modern connections with various European powers. He attempts to fhew, that the English commercial conquefts in that country cannot be lafting; and recommends the Marattas, as the fureft allies of France, in eradicating the English power. .... Mémoire fur les trois Departements, &c. Memoir on the three Departments of Corcyra, Ithaca, and the Egean Sea, by the citizens Darbois, brothers, Officers of the Staff of the Army of Italy, divifion of the Levant, 8vo. This is a clear and 1 533 concife account of the late French acqui fitions in the Levant. The authors begin with an historical detail concerning the inlands, and proceed to a defeription and a valuation of their importance. It appears that Venice was in a' hate' of complete dotage before her fall, and was only fupported by her ancient reputation? The forts, arfenals, &c. were found in d miferable condition. Precis de l'Hiftoire des Hebreux; &6 An Abftract of the Hebrew Hiftory, from Mofes to the taking of Jerufalem by the Romans, &c. by Edm. Mentelle, 12mo? In this abridgment, intended for the French schools, all the miracles are omitted; or explained from natural causes. POLITICS. Obfervations, &c. Obfervations on the Profeription of General Laharpe, by the patricians of Berne, in 1791, octavo pame phlet. The violent perfecutions of the friends of freedom, by the Swifs ariftoz cracy, was one great cause of the late revos lution in that country. Violence, on either fide; always defeats its own put poles in the iffue. This pamphlet may be useful in forming a proper estimate of that révolution. Des Rejuttárs, &c. On the Refutts of the laft Campaign, by Matthew Domes one of the Members of the Council of Elders, 8vo. This pamphlet was pablibed when Lord Malmbury was trying to fubdue by gold a force, against which steel had been found ineffectual. Talibus auxiliis, perfidique arte Sinonis, Quos neque Tydides, nec Lariffeus Achilles, Dumas was for peace on almost any terms. Syflème Maritime, &c. The maritime and political fyftem of Europeans, during the eighteenth century, founded on their treaties of peace, commerce, and navigaz tion, by the Citizen Arnoud, &c. The intention of this work is to estimate the power of the various naval ftates in Europe; and to fhew that an union of all is neceffary to combat the maritime de fporifm of England. De la. Situation, &c. On the Internal State of the Republic, by Charles There'min, French citizen, fon of a proteftant, who left France on account of religion, with this motto from Chancellor l'Hopital's fpeech in the Council before Charles IX, "For my part, I shall ever endeavour to mitigate, and not to inflame." 8vo. This patriotic pamphlet is divided into feven chapters, and is a moderate and fen fible 534 Retrofpect of French Literature.-Politics. fible defence of the French conftitution, The author proceeds to fhew, that the Our fpace will not permit us to extend our extracts much further. Theremin, in pointing out the advantages which have followed the revolution, obferves, that the very features of the fair fex have been improved by it, and efpecially thofe of the rifing generation; the hard-constrain [Sup. ed countenances of flaves begin to difappear, and are fucceeded by the foft beauty, and Grecian form, fo common in England: old ladies, accustomed to the former court, are astonished at the change. He then demonftrates the fuperior advantages of a government, conducted by men of letters, like that of France at prefent, to any other form, "because it is that of men of kill, who defire no applaufe, fave what is given to science and virtue; who are, fo to speak, branded with infamy if they enrich themfelves at the public expence, having a fame to lofe, and being anxious to preferve it; and being, moreover, accuftomed to exert themselves for the advantage and inftruc, tion of others, without any view of pecunjary reward." A military government, he fays, is fo completely bad, that a defert is preferable: next to this, in producing evils, is the fway of the nobles. That of men of property has great inconvenience, for it alligns every thing to wealth, and nothing to perfonal merit, or skill. In Germany, fays he, a man is valued by birth, in England by wealth, in France by merit only. What would Epaminondas, Miltiades, Regulus, Fabricius, or any ancient hero, proud of virtuous poverty, have done in England? Could any of them have bought an enfigncy There min proceeds to ftate, that the rule of the military, of nobles, or of people of property, always partakes of tyranny, while men of letters can rule by nothing but reafon; inftead of weapons and prejudices, the fole fupports of the former, they only ufe arguments. Where fuch men fhew themselves in a public ftation, they evince an extent of mind, a faci lity of conception and general ideas, only to be acquired by Rudy; and they foon furpass those who have only the activity of intrigue, perfonal interefts, or the experience of routine. Hence, amongft the ancient Romans, the moft illuftrious of the people and patricians, whether of the ford or of the gown, cultivated letters and philofophy, as indifpenfable in the government of the state." The citizen Anquetil lately read in the Inftitut a memoir on the peace of the Pyrennées, in 1659. Don Louis de Haro, the ambaffador for Spain, never spoke pofitively; and Mazarin, for France, was always equivocal. Lockhart the English ambaffador, was a match for both in this refpect; and England being then floating between republicanifm and monarchy, he was asked which he preferred? He an swered, Vol. fwered, "Je fuis le très bumble ferviteur des événements" I am the most humble fervant of the events. Des Réations, &c. On Political Reallions, by Benjamin Conftant, 8vo. This writer and Theremin are two of the ableft defenders of the prefent conftitution of France; which, if in the eyes of fome not fufficiently democratic, is, at leaft, an excellent fchool for democracy. La Politique d'Ariftote, &c. Ariftotle's Politics, tranflated from the Greek, with notes, by the Cit. Champagne. 2 vols. 8vo. The French revolution has brought the Grecian history and politics home to our doors; and we are become familiar with ariftocracy and democracy. This tranflation is faid to be well executed. Des Caufes de la Révolution, &c. Of the Causes of the Revolution, and of its Refults, 8vo. A moderate author in de. fence of the revolution, which, as he fhews, was produced by no particular events, or intrigues, but by the progrefs of reafon among the people at large, arifing moftly from the mere fpectacle of faults and errors, prefented to their eyes by the antiquated government. Les Soirées d'un Solitaire, &c. The Evenings of a Solitary Man, or Confiderations on the Conftitutional Principles of States, by J. E. Chappuzzi, 8vo. This work chiefly confifts of reflections on the leading events in the French revolution. The French prefs teems with political works and pamphlets, of which we fhall only notice the chief. Who would undertake a review of the pamphlets publifhed during our civil commotions in the laft century, which fill an entire room in the British Mufeum, and may be computed by thousands? A good tranflation of Mr. Erfkine's pamphlet on the present war has appear ed, at Paris. Des Effets de la Terreur, &c. On the Effects of Terror, by Benjamin Conftant, 8vo. This pamphlet completes the first edition of the Réactions Politiques of the fame author. Reflexions fur le Culte, &c. Reflections on Public Worship, on Civil Ceremonies, and National Feafts, by L. M. ReveillereLepaux, Member of the National Inftitute, 8vo. The celebrated director, author of this pamphlet, inquires, 1. If certain dogmas and a religious worship be neceffary? He believes that no nation can omit them: 2. If this worship ought to be adopted and regulated by the legislation? He decides for the negative. He then examines if pomp be useful 335 and neceffary in religious worship. In granting that the multitude must be attracted by their eyes, he afferts that the time is not yet proper, and that found politics oppofe the permiffion of difplaying pomp in whatever worship. Perhaps one of the divifions of this pamphlet, which may attract the most general approbation, is that relative to the civil ceremonies, or those which ought to be prac tifed at the three principal epochs of life, birth, marriage, and death. Pomp appears to him indifpenfible in civil inftitutions, and particularly in national festivals. On thefe occafions ought to be displayed all that can kindle the imagination, elevate the foul to the moft fublime ideas, and the heart to the most noble sentiments. This little tract abounds with great and benevolent views. Vues d'un Citoyen, &c. Ideas concerning Sepulture, by a citizen formerly Member of the Legislative Affembly, 8vo. The author, a friend to the arts, recommends perfect freedom to all perfuafions, to erect fepulchral monuments. It had been agitated, whether a tree planted on the grave fhould not be the only memorial. De la Famille, &c. Family confidered as the Element of Society, by T. Guiraudet, 8vo. This work is founded on the well-known hafis, that every fociety, every ftate, is a compofition of families; it is not deficient in learned illuftrations of this interefting topic, and abounds with documents of pure morality. De l'Egalité, &c. On Equality; or general Principles concerning Civil, Political, and Religious Inftitutions, 2 vols. 8vo. This work is a fupplement to a former production of the author, "The Correspondence of an Inhabitant of Paris, on the Revolution," 1791. This writer is a count of the Holy Roman empire; and it is not furprising that he fhould look on objects with the green spectacles of aristocracy. Plan d'un nouveau Tarif, &c. Plan of a new Tarif of Contributions, or a Method of diminishing the Land-tax, and increafing the Revenue of the French Republic; prefented to the Council of Five Hundred, by Citizens Loire-Duchemin, furveyors in the canton of Liancourt, department of the Oife.. Manuel adminiftratif, Judiciaire & Com mercial. This is the title of a periodical publication, the first number of which was prefented to the Executive Directory and the Councils, which ordered honourable mention mention thereof to be made in the minutes be fitting, and the book to be depafited in the library of the Legislative Body). It contains full and exact accounts of the contributions, of the public debt, and of all other fubjects, which relate to the finances, judicial proceedings, commerce and trade, &c. Subfcriptions are received, at Paris, at Citizen Darmaing's, No. 1112, Cour des Fontaines. Code fur la Contrainte par Corps en Manere Civil, de Commerce, &c. A Code of Arrests in Civil and Commercial Matters, pursuant to the law of the 15th 'Germinal, and to that, of the 4th Floreal (6th year), by Citizen Pierre Louis Tiffan dien, &c.. This work is peculiarly useful to merchants, traders, bankers, brokers, lawyers, collectors, agents, &c. De la Republique, ou du meilleur Gouvernement, ouvrage traduit de Ciceron, &c. On Republics, or on the beft Form of Government, a work tranflated from Cicero, and restored after the Fragments and his other Writings, with Notes, hiftorical and critical, and a Differtation on the Origin of the Sciences, Arts, and Philofophy, &c. among the Romans, 1 vol. 8vo.. I This work is extremely interefting, not only on account of the name of the author, but also from the manner fo fuccefsfully employed to restore this ingenigus compofition, which contains the neateft and mot authentic notions on the conftitution of the Roman Republic, and the mott interesting difcuffions of a variety of moral, political, philofophical, and hiftorical fubjects. BIOGRAPHY. -Vie de L. Habe, &c. The Life of L. Hoche, General of the Armies of the French Republic, by A. Rouffelin, followed by his public and private correspondence with government, and the minifters and generals, &c. in his different commands of the armies of the Rhine, and Mofelle, of the coaft of Cherbourg, of Breft, of the We and the Atlantic, of Ireland, and of the Sambre and Meufe; the fecond edition, corrected, and augmented with three engravings, reprefenting the blockade of Dunkirk, the affair of Quiberon, and the theatre of the war on the Rhine, 2 vols. in 8vo. War of La Vendée, which, in the true import of the word, was not yet written, is fully contained in the life and correfpondence of General Hoche; and there can remain no doubt of its 'being authentic, for furely no one was better qualified to write this hiftory, than the pacificator of La Vendée. Biographie de Suicides, &c. A Biography of Self-murderers, by Ch. H. Spies, tranflated from the German,, with additional Philofophical and Moral Remarks, by J. H. Poll, 2 vols. 12mo. Hiftoire des Hommes illuftres, &c. The History of thofe illuftrious Men, who have done Honour to France by their Talents and Virtues, arranged by the Days of the Year; a Work useful for the Education of Youth, 4 vols. 12mo. This French biography is on the plan of the Lives of the Saints: it prefents a thort life of cach illuftrious perfon, under the date of his birth or his death. "My intention," fays the anonymous author in his preface, has folely been to furnish rifing generations with precepts and examples; my with is that of Horace, Di probos mores docite juvente! (Ye gods, teach virtuous habits to our youth!) What enlightened teacher will not make it a daily duty to thew to his fcholars, fometimes a tender father, fometimes a refpectful fon, fometimes a patriotic pricft, fometimes a pacific hero? In every family a new fource of inftructive converfation will arife. Today Fenelon was born; to-morrow is the anniverfary of the death of Turenne; who will not delight to talk of Fencion and Turenne The lives are chicflý mudern, the work is well executed, and has nothing to offend men of any perfuafion. TRAVELS. Le Voyageur à Paris, &c. The Traveller at Paris, a picture que and moral Picture of that Capital, 3 v5.5. 12mo. This is a kind of abridgment of the works of St. Foix, Dolaure, Mercier, &c. Une Journée de Paris, &c. A Day's Ramble through Paris, 18mo. This lit the work is in imitation of Sterne, but has likewife original pictures. The author is rather inclined to place the new inftitutions in a ridiculous point of view; but, that ridicule is a teft of truth, is a maxim now completely exploded. Two of the beft pictures are the eating-houfe, in which fecond edition is far fuperior to the characters are delineated on the Lathe first, on account of the numerous cor- vaterian fyftem of phyfiognomy; and the rections made by the author; and the addi-chefs-room, prefenting a fingular delinea tion of the above three engravings, or tion of the enthufiafm and abstraction of plans, renders this work peculiarly ufuful the devotees of that enchanting game. military gentlemen. A Hifiory of the This Voyages Phyfiques, &c. Tournies to the Tyrennces |