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which bares at low water lies in mid entrance and is marked by a skeleton steel beacon painted red. The spit which extends southward from the northern entrance point is marked by a pile dolphin.

The channel between the mid entrance reef, marked by a red beacon, and the 20-foot (6.1 m) elevated rock, 200 yards southeastward from it, is marked by a range. The front mark is a dolphin on the flats bearing a yellow wheel-like device, and the rear mark is a yellow circular disk painted under the gable of a building. This channel carries a least depth of 24 feet (7.3 m) on the range mentioned above.

The wharf is built out over the shoal water and has a depth of 8 feet (2.4 m) at its outer end.

Currents. A strong tidal current sweeps through the entrance with an estimated maximum velocity of 4 to 5 knots.

Anchorage. A good anchorage for larger type vessels will be found about 400 yards northwestward from the small island on the south side of the bay, and about 700 yards off the cannery wharf in depths of 20 fathoms (37 m), mud bottom. In westerly weather winds blow down the bay with great force, but the holding ground is good. In former years the cannery company moored its sailing vessels here during the summer months.

Directions.-Small vessels can enter Larsen Bay at any stage of the tide, but large vessels should choose a high-water slack with calm weather for entering or leaving.

Enter on the range (yellow dolphin on a yellow circle painted under the gable of a cannery building) and pass midway between the reef marked by a red beacon and the 20-foot (6.1 m) rock, 200 yards southward from it. Hold this range, 248° true until within about 300 yards of the yellow dolphin and then make good a 292° true course passing 100 yards off the pile dolphin at the end of the spit on the starboard hand and 150 yards off the inner entrance point on the port hand.

When the inner south entrance point is a little abaft the beam change to 263° true for 1/4 mile, then haul southward and take up anchorage as desired.

A deeper channel exists on the north side of the reef marked by the red beacon, but the use of this channel necessitates a more difficult turn, and for this reason the channel south of the red beacon is recommended. A range of the yellow dolphin on the twin cannery stacks marks the northern channel.

Bear Island, about 52 miles east-northeastward from Rocky Point, is nearly 3% mile in diameter, 249 feet (76 m) high, and grass covered. It lies 1/4 mile from the shore, with which it is connected by a bowlder spit, bare at half tide.

Harvester Island, 34 mile eastward of Bear Island, is over 1 mile long, 844 feet (257 m) high, steep sided, and grass covered. The 20-fathom (37 m) curve is about 1/4 mile off the northern and eastern sides of the island.

UYAK ANCHORAGE (chart 8822) is one of the best harbors on the eastern side of Shelikof Strait southward of Uganik Bay, and is easily entered. It lies between Harvester Island and the shore, the passage having a width of 14 to 3% mile. The depths range from

UYAK

231 about 7 fathoms (12.8 m) between Harvester and Bear Islands to 20 fathoms (37 m) 1/4 mile northwestward of the site of a former cannery. The best anchorages is about 1/2 mile northwest of the cannery site, in 12 to 14 fathoms (21.9 to 25.6 m). There is also good anchorage, except with heavy northeasterly or easterly winds, in the bight, 1/4 to 3% mile southeastward of the cannery site and 1/4 mile from shore, in 12 to 14 fathoms (21.9 to 25.6 m).

The better and safer entrance is around the south end of Harvester Island. Cormorant Rock, bare at half tide, lies over 5 mile southeastward of Harvester Island and 300 yards from shore. A spit, bare at low water and steep-to, extends 425 yards southward from the south end of Harvester Island. This spit has extended 45 yards in the direction of its axis between the years 1908 and 1915.

The end of the spit is marked by a lighted beacon placed in 12 feet (3.7 m) of water.

The northwest entrance is 3 mile wide between two reefs, partly bare at half tide and marked by kelp, one extending 400 yards westward from the northwest end of Harvester Island, and the other lying 250 to 550 yards eastward from Bear Island. With care this entrance is not difficult in the daytime, especially at low water when the principal dangers show above water.

Uyak is a post office. The cannery on the southwest side of Uyak Anchorage opposite the south end of Harvester Island has been abandoned. There is a depth of 20 feet (6.1 m) at the wharf. There is considerable undertow, and good fore and aft spring lines are needed with westerly weather. Currents are sometimes troublesome in making this wharf.

Uyak is a port of call for the monthly mail steamer from Seward. Tides. At Uyak Anchorage high and low water occur about 10 minutes earlier than at Seldovia. The mean range of the tide is about 112 feet (3.5 m) and the range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 14 feet (4.3 m).

Directions, Uyak Anchorage. From northward, round Cape Ugat at a distance of about 1/2 miles and steer 220° true for 6 miles to a position 212 miles off Cape Kuliuk, bearing 102° true. Then steer 172° true for 10 miles, giving the eastern shore a berth of about 2 miles, to a position 11⁄2 mile eastward of Harvester Island.

Then steer 237° true, passing about 1/4 mile southeastward of Harvester Island. Anchor 500 yards northeastward of northward of the slipways, in 10 to 14 fathoms (18.3 to 25.6 m).

To go to the inner harbor, follow the preceding directions, and then hauling northwestward, round the beacon at a distance of 100 yards, and steer 341° true for the northwest end of Harvester Island, pass 150 to 200 yards off the cannery wharf, and continue the course to mid-channel.

From southward.-Give Cape Uyak, Rocky Point, and Bear Island berths of 1 mile or over, and follow the eastern shore of Harvester Island at a distance of 1/2 mile or more. Then follow directions as given above.

In passing Rocky Point care should be taken to avoid Walcott Reef which lies 1/3 mile off the point and bares only at extreme low

water.

Sevenmile Beach (chart 8541) is the name given the long boulderstrewn beach from Bear Island to Rocky Point. It is backed by low cliffs from which a broad grassy valley extends back several miles toward Karluk Lake.

Rocky Point is a double point on the south side of the approach to Uyak Bay. It consists of bold cliffs which rise rapidly to the ridges of which the point is a termination.

Walcott Reef is a dangerous group of rocks that bare at extreme low tide. It lies 1/3 mile off the easterly spur of Rocky Point. There is a channel between the reef and the point with a least known depth of 4 fathoms (7.3 m). This channel is used by local cannery tenders in fine weather.

CAPE UYAK, on the east side of Shelikof Strait about 4 miles southwestward from Rocky Point, is a precipitous, high headland at the end of a ridge. From the water the slope is rapid to an elevation of 647 feet (197 m). There is then a slight fall to a deep notch in the narrow neck back of the cape, from which there is a rise in steep, grassy slopes to higher land. A light, 93 feet (28.3 m) high, marks the cape.

Northeast Harbor is the bight on the south side of Cape Uvak. In northeast weather it affords excellent shelter for small craft that can anchor close under the shore in 3 to 5 fathoms (5.5 to 9.1 m), sandy bottom. Larger vessels anchor farther out in 9 fathoms (16.5 m) with some protection but subject to an uncomfortable swell.

Between Cape Uyak and Karluk there are two long cliffs about 1,300 feet (396 m) high, the southern one having a marked slide extending from its highest point almost to the water. In the valley between the cliffs are two waterfalls. Beach seining is carried on here during the season, and there are a number of fisherman shacks on the beach at the foot of the cliffs.

Karluk (chart 8822) lies 52 miles southward from Cape Úyak and 112 miles eastward from Cape Karluk. It is a native village with a school and a church, and fishing is the principal industry. The old cannery buildings are still standing but they are no longer used, as the fish are now taken to Uyak Bay for canning. A strong set southward toward the shoals inshore has been experienced.

There is a radio station operated by the Alaska Packers' Association, call letters KYK, operated throughout the year.

The entrance to Karluk River is through a narrow channel at the south end of a spit and is only passable by launches at high water. There are some wharves just inside the mouth. About 12 miles up the river is a weir where the salmon are counted as they ascend the river. The weir is removed during the winter season.

Karluk Anchorage off Karluk is sheltered from offshore winds. but is exposed to winds from the southwest around through west to northeast. Vessels should be prepared to move on short notice. Anchorage may be had off the town in 12 to 14 fathoms (21.9 to 25.6 m), sandy bottom. During the fishing season a number of scows and launches will usually be found moored in the roadstead.

The abandoned cannery buildings and the Greek Catholic Church, with its green roof and dome, are the principal objects to be seen in approaching Karluk.

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Tanglefoot Bay is the local name for the bight adjacent to Cape Karluk on its eastern side. It is separated from Karluk by a high cliff, the base of which is not passable by pedestrians at high water. The beach, known as Tanglefoot Beach, is very steep and there is a bad undertow. Landing here is dangerous if there is any surf.

CAPE KARLUK (chart 8541) is the most conspicuous landmark along the west coast of Kodiak Island roughly 20 miles inside the southwestern end of Shelikof Strait. The cape is a prominent, projecting head, 1,398 feet (426 m) high, with bare rock cliffs on its seaward face and grassy slopes on its eastern side to low land. It is readily identified by its cone-shaped appearance, a notch in the summit, and the low land behind it.

[graphic]

Sturgeon Head, looking northeastward; with Cape Karluk in the distance.

Sturgeon River has its mouth about 2 miles southward from Cape Karluk. The entrance is between 2 shingle spits covered with driftwood. It can be entered by small boats at half tide or better. For about a mile back of the beach the river flows through a mud flat, all of which is covered at high water.

Sturgeon Head is a high whitish eroded headland 5 miles southward from Cape Karluk. There are several rocks and reefs lying as much as 200 yards offshore at the foot of Sturgeon Head.

Cape Grant lies about 10 miles southward of Cape Karluk and is a rugged headland at the end of a high ridge, the summit of which is marked by a small cluster of peculiar pinnacle rocks.

A rock which is nearly awash at m. 1. 1. w., lies 1/4 mile off the southwest tip of Cape Grant. Shoal water extends some distance beyond this rock and vessels rounding the cape into Halibut Bay should give it a berth of 3/4 mile.

Halibut Bay is the large bight lying just southward from Cape Grant. The bight is bordered by eroded bluffs and a broad sand beach. A stream enters the sea at the southern part of Halibut Bay. Vessels anchor in 7 fathoms (12.8 m), hard sand bottom, 3/4 mile off the beach. Small craft may find more protection by anchoring closer in near the mouth of the lagoon.

Anchorage can also be had in the northern corner of the bay, but care should be taken to avoid the reef which makes out from the southwest tip of Cape Grant.

There is a cannery in Halibut Bay, at the entrance to the lagoon, operated by Alaska Red Salmon Packers, Inc. Radio communication may be had through Kodiak (WXF).

MIDDLE CAPE, the westernmost promontory on Kodiak Island, consists of two headlands having precipitous, rocky cliffs facing the sea, and smooth grassy slopes facing inland. The northern headland is the higher, being a little over 1,000 feet (305 m) in elevation. Its summit consists of three rocky clumps, the middle one of which is the highest. These rocky clumps are prominent and easily distinguished from the northward.

A prominent high pinnacle rock lies at the foot of the northern slope of Middle Cape.

Tombstone Rocks consists of two detached rocks about 100 yards apart lying 34 mile off Middle Cape. The southerly rock is 99 feet (30.2 m) high while the northerly rock is only a few feet high. From some directions these rocks appear as the headstone and footstone of a grave. There is deep water close to the rocks.

Mushroom Reef, which bares 13 feet (4.0 m) at m. 1. 1. w., lies about 1 mile offshore and 1 mile southeastward from Middle Cape. This rock when exposed by the tide is round and has the appearance of a huge mushroom. There is deep water close up to it.

A prominent pillar-like shaft of rock 170 feet (52 m) high with overhanging sides, lies about 100 yards offshore and east true from Mushroom Rock.

Middle Bay is a small bight lying about midway between Cape Middle and Cape Ikolik. The 5-fathom (9.1 m) curve lies about 13 mile off the beach.

Gurney Bay is the bay immediately northeastward from Cape Ikolik. The head of the bay is shoal with a sand beach strewn with boulders.

Anchorage may be had in 10 fathoms (18.3 m), sandy bottom, midway between the two entrance points. This is a comfortable and secure anchorage in easterly weather.

CAPE IKOLIK (chart 8540), 4 miles southward of Middle Cape, is a rugged headland 980 feet (298 m) high, with its summit forming a ridge lying in a northeast and southwest true direction.

Outer Seal Rock, lying 134 miles westward from Cape Ikolik, resembles a sail and is 89 feet (27.1 m) high. The rock has deep water close to except about 200 yards to the southwest where there are sunken rocks. Outer Seal Rock is a sealion rookery.

Inner Seal Rock, which lies 1/3 mile west true from Cape Ikolik, is a steep-sided bare rock 141 feet (43 m) high, surmounted by a rocky nub which gives it the appearance of a lighthouse. From some directions it appears as a huge bell.

Bumble Bay lies 21/2 miles east of Cape Ikolik. The western point of the bay is marked by three pinnacle rocks, while the eastern point is marked by a single pinnacle rock 127 feet (38 m) high. Small craft will find shelter from easterly winds in the eastern part of the bay, while large vessels will find anchorage in the center of the bay in 12 fathoms (21.9 m) sand bottom.

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