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of chicken, beef or mutton. Fresh buttermilk, rice or oatmeal gruel are also suitable. It is not good practice to give lime water with any article of diet as it neutralizes an already feeble gastric juice.

The care of the nasal and oral cavities are important, the former being sprayed with Dobell's solution several times a day, and the latter washed with a weak boric acid and glycerine solution after each feeding. No solid food should be given for at least ten days after the fever is broken, and then in small amounts and the effects carefully watched.

ADDRESS

BY F. W. SAMUEL, M. D.,

LOUISVILLE, KY.

Ladies and Gentlemen, the Honorable Board of Regents, the Faculty and the Graduating Class of the Kentucky School of Medicine:

BEFORE proceeding to the pleasing duty of addressing

you this evening, I wish first to acknowledge the honor conferred upon me by the Faculty of the Kentucky School of Medicine. However, in accepting I do so with a consciousness of my unfitness for the task. How well I fulfill the duty, the verdict I leave to you.

It is with us the midday of science, the grandeur of the present completely overshadows the past. You stand at the gateway of futurity. What it may hold for you depends upon yourself and the use you may make and have made of your opportunities. In the vista of life there stands out a few bright spots, here and there an isolated eminence rises above the common level. There are ever events in one's life that mark epochs for the individual. This evening at the same moment closes and opens a chapter for you. This is an hr fraught with the deepest significance. You have arrived at last at a time in your life anticipated by diligent study and by long hours in your lecture-room and by much burning of the "midnight oil."

It has been only by unremitting persuit of a determined purpose and a definite choice that you have at last reached that cherished goal, prompted by what diverse motives and with what ends in view you entered into the study and into the practice of your chosen field of labor, you only know.

I trust a period has been reached in your career that you have long since realized its grave responsibilities, as well as recognized its unequaled opportunities for helpfulness, and that you appreciate the necessity for self sacrifice beyond that of any other calling, for the practice of medicine is an art, not a trade, a calling, not a business; a calling in which your heart will be exercised equally with your head. There is no other profession that demands so much of preparation and compels so rigorous and extended a course of training as does the application of medicine and surgery. I might well compare your sensation this evening to a stomach overburdened with the viands of a richly laden table. You feel stuffed to every atom of your being with the fundamentals of the science of art of healing gathered from every department of the limitless field of medical lore. Every intracranial fossa is crowded, every convolution and gray cell is teaming with the unassorted and unassimilated knowledge. Full as you have drunken you have scarcely tasted the swelling stream of learning. All it has been possible to give you has been simply a beginning. The door of knowledge has just been opened to you. You have been led but a few halting steps on the rugged and endless path along which you must henceforth climb alone. To what pinnacle you may aspire and whatever impress you may leave upon the dawning century is yet to be foretold. You will remember that the demand for something better than that which now exists never ceases. Fields for discovery lie fallow before you and there is a place in the Temple of Fame for him who will. It may not be given to any of you to find a place in that charmed circle of immortals whose work stands as the stepping stone by which medical science has mounted to its present exalted place. To you, I may say on the other

hand, that the world has never known the names of many of the truest heroes and noblest marytrs, who have so humbly and in the obscurest byways of life followed the daily round of their engrossing duties unheeding as unheeded, doing well, that which they could do without a single thought of fame.

Should you be endowed with that capacity for work, ceaseless and untiring effort, there is nothing to which you may not aspire. Many of the men who have lent the greatest lustre to the profession have achieved their place in the face of the most untoward circumstances by sheer force of merit. If in your brief course of training you have learned to love study, if you have acquired a truesearch for knowledge and the search of truth for its own sake and beyond that for the great uses to which you may devote it in the interest of suffering and afflicted humanity, your instruction has fulfilled its highest mission and your future is assured.

It is not alone the knowledge that you have gained in the pursuit of your studies, that is of chief value to you, but the habit of application, the power of selection and the analysis of mental training. Much as you know there is still much more for you to learn. There are many things that cannot be taught to you in your collegiate course that make up the determining balance for each of you in the school of life. The recognition of this, "How little we know is the surest symptom of improvement, for whileknowledge is proud that he has learned so much, wisdom is humble that he knows no more."

In the practice of medicine and its various branches there is no place for weak hearts or feeble untrained intellects. This is the place for men of ability, men of the highest training, men who are willing and ready to battle against all odds, capable of ceaseless application and devotion to a work of a lifetime. In the minds of many a diploma is a passport to social position and professional

success.

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If any of you are embued with such a false notion, at very threshold of your career, erase it from your mind..

You will find it no touch stone of entrance to the innercourts of preferment; you must stand or you must fall on your own merit. As soon as you have selected a local habitation you will not be invited out to your own popularity contest, but on the other hand, you will meet a frowning world. You will soon find out that the universe has not been awaiting your coming. In a word, do not expect success too soon. There is long and tedious waiting and it is well, although in it there are both dangers and advantages. Many becoming discouraged and disheartened by the long delay, lose their ambition, give up the unequal struggle and drift into the first opening that offers a livelihood, but if you are made of the right stuff and stick where you start with worthy determination, employing your waiting time in earnest study and unassuming diligent effort, the reward will surely come, but only when you have demonstrated your intention not to succumb. Do not at first expect recognition from rival fellow-practitioners until your rising reputation compels it. You will meet opposition where you least expect it. You will receive merciless criticism and slurs where you might have anticipated favor. The discreditable bickerings that disgrace the profession are born of petty jealousies and are utterly beneath its dignity. While much of what I have just said of the petty jealousies of the profession is evidently less in evidence now than formerly, I am sure that it has been engendered and propagated by the position taken by recent graduates of medicine many years ago and which has been so perfectly portrayed by John, of Salisbury, and which I beg leave to reproduce here for

you.

That you may determine at once the difference of the new made doctor of his time and the graduate of to-day, he says: "They return from college full of flimsy theories to practice what they learn, Galen and Hippocrates are continually in their mouths, they speak aphorisms on every subject and make their hearers stare at their long unknown and high sounding words. The good people believe that they can do anything because they pretend to all things.

They have but two maxims. Never mind the poor; never refuse money from the rich."

Always be ready to give full credit to merit even in your own rival. You can never build yourself up by pulling another down. Your own reputation will surely be damaged when you assail another. Never constantly parade exaggerated accounts of your own superior learning and skill. It should ever be your object to avoid creating needless opposition. Many a young physician has handicaped his whole future by injudicious and obnoxious aggressiveness born of immoderate egotism. Quiet attention to your own affairs will build surely and broadly for ultimate success. In all your conduct toward your fellow physicians and the public you should be embued with an irreproachable standard of medical ethics, resisting with uncompromising opposition the growing tendancy to disregard that which threatens to degrade the noblest of callings to a commercial basis and a trade; therefore, draw the sharpest line of demarkation between the true physician and the degraded charlatan. Your ultimate success will depend upon many things other than your training and ability. I hope I have made myself clear. I simply mean that you should first act prudently, but you at the same time should act independently.

I am happy in the conviction that none of the gifted and aspiring young men whom I have had the honor to address this evening will ever condescend to low artifices, or be content with the degraded level of the vulgar sham or that of the knavish pretender. Upon this occasion it is my bound duty to speak frankly. I shall, therefore, try to tell you what goes to make up the secrets of success, and how the game of life should be played as I have seen it, and I feel the assurance that you will lay hold upon it to your profit. Personality will count for very much, and a pleasing presence is a most fortunate possession. There are many doctors who daily visit the sick-room whose presence is better tonic than any medicine. While we cannot remodel the endowments with which nature has favored us we can do much in the cultivation of pleasing. It is as

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