An image in a German clock doth move,

Not walk.

Ordinary, O. Pl., x,
German watches were also in use:

Here, take my German watch, hang't up in sight,
That I may see her hang in English for't.
Roaring Girl, O. Pl., vi, 77.

Dutch watches lay under the same imputation as German clocks, and perhaps might be only another name for the same thing. We see, in the first passage from Shakespeare, that a clock is called also a watch; and the wooden clocks are still more frequently called Dutch than German. A real watch could not well require such constant repairing:

You are not daily mending like Dutch watches,
And plaistering like old walls.

B. & Fl. Wit without Money, act iii, p. 310. Another comparison of a maid to a clock may be here inserted, from its relation to some above cited:

I know not of any other authority for this word. In the first folio of Shakespeare, it is spelt germaine in both instances. To GERNE, v. To yawn.

Sometimes

written girn, and therefore taken for a corruption of grin, having the same letters; but in the following passage the wide opening of the jaws is plainly marked:

His face was ugly and his countenance sterne,
That could have fray'd one with the very sight,
And gaped like a gulfe, when he did gerne.

Spens. F. Q., V, xii, 15. From the Saxon geonian, or geornean, oscitare. Yet girn, for grin, is still used in Scotch, and some other dialects.

German, shown for a sight.

A name which I'd tear out

From the high German's throat, if it lay lieger there To dispatch privy slanders against me.

See also p. 39.

Roaring Girl, O. Pl., vi, 52.

I do not agree with the editor, that the same person is meant by the German "who escaped out of Woodstreet." The high German must have been some man generally known for strength or size; that the same person should also have had a very narrow escape from Wood-street, is possible to be sure, but very improbable. Perhaps the high German was the famous fencer, whose feats are thus recorded:

Since the German fencer cudgelled most of our English fencers, now about 5 monethis past.

Owle's Almanacke, publ. 1618, p. 6.

High German may, however, be only in opposition to low German, or Dutch; as, for a long time, high German quack doctors were in repute. GERMANE, or GERMAN, adj.; from german, a brother. Related to, allied, connected with.

Not he alone shall suffer what wit can make heavy,
and vengeance bitter; but those that are germane to
him, though removed fifty times, shall all come under
the hangman.
Wint. T., iv, 3.
The phrase would be more germane to the matter, if

A yawn, probably, but
not certainly, in this passage:
Even so the duke frowns for all this cursou'd world;
Oh, that gerne kills, it kills.

Ant. & Mellida, Anc. Dr., ii, 154.

GERRE. Quarrelling: evidently from the French, guerre. I have not found it, except in the following passage, and therefore consider it only as an affectation of the author:

Wherein is the cause of theyre wrangelynge and gerre,
but onelye in the undiscrete election and choyse of
theyre wyves.
R. Paynell, in Cens. Lit., ix, 26.

GEST.
"A lodging or stage for rest
in a progress or journey.' Kersey.
In the time of royal progresses, the
king's stages, as we may see by the
journals of them in the herald's office,
were called his gests, from the old
French word giste, diversorium. War-
burton. Blount, in his Glossographia,
writes it gists, and explains it as above.
Strype says that Cranmer entreated
Cecil,

To let him have the new-resolved-upon gests, from that time to the end, that he might from time to time know where the king was

Memorials of Cranm., p. 283. Hence we see that the table of the gests limited not only the places, but the time of staying at each; on which depends the propriety of the following expression of Shakespeare:

When at Bohemia

You take my lord, I'll give you my commission
To let him there a month, behind the gest
Prefixed for his parting.
Winter's T., i, 2.
It [the court] remov'd last to the shop of a millener.
The gests are so set down, because you ride.
Decker's Match me in London.

Mr. Todd observes, that Hammond seems to have used gesses in this

sense.

2. A gest also meant an action; gestum. Undoubtedly derived, as Warton observed, Hist. Poet., iii, 18, from the popular books entitled Gesta Romanorum, and the like, which contained narratives of remarkable adventures. Whence also, with a little change of sense, the word jest might possibly be formed; being first a story, related for amusement, of some fact; and, by degrees, any kind of entertaining discourse, till it became with synonymous joke, and the verb to jest. Other derivatives were formed from it. This, at least, is full as probable as to jest, from gesticulor; since gesticulation is a very accidental and subordinate part of jesting.

And goodly gan discourse of many a noble gest. Spens. F. Q., I, x, 15. They were two knights of peerlesse puissance, And famous far abroad for warlike gest. Ibid., II, ii, 16. The gests of kings, great captains, and sad wars, What number best can fit, Homer declares. B. Jons. Transl. of Art of P., vol. vii, 171. The chief and principall is the laud, honour, and glory of the immortall gods (I speake now in phrase of the Gentiles). Secondly, the worthy gests of noble princes. Puttenham, i, 10. 3. Also gesture, or carriage of body:

Portly his person was, and much increast
Through his heroicke grace, and honourable gest.
Spens. F. Q., III, ii, 24.
Him needed not instruct which way were best
Himselfe to fashion likest Florimell,
Ne how to speake, ne how to use his gest,
For he in counterfesaunce did excell.

Ibid., III, viii, 8.

+GESTNING. Lodging; entertainment.

Du Bartas.

Then sayd she, Judith, now is time, go to it, And save thy people. Nay, I will not do it. I will, I will not. Go, fear not again: Wilt thou the sacred gestning then prophane? Not it prophane; but holier it shall stand, When holy folke are helped by my hand. GET-PENNY. A theatrical term for a performance that turned out very profitable. We still use the word catch-penny, but only for things not

have presented that to an eighteen or twenty pence audience, nine times in an afternoon. B. Jons. Barth. Fair, v, 1. When the famous fable of Whittington and his puss shall be forgotten, thou and thy acts become the posies for hospitals; when thy name shall be written upon conduits, and thy deeds play'd i' thy lifetime by the best company of actors, and be called their getpenny. Eastward Hoe, O. Pl., iv, 267. +GEULE-GAME. "A yew-game or geule game, gambade." Howell, Lex. Tetr., 1660.

To GHESSE. So Spenser writes to guess, the etymology being ghissen, Dutch. Some, therefore, have contended for this spelling.

It seemd a second Paradise I ghesse,

So lavishly enricht with nature's threasure. Spens. F. Q., IV, x, 23. See Johnson and Todd in loc. Guess, however, has been too long settled to be altered.

+Phy. Madam, my innocence will plead my pardon; I

could

Not ghesse for whom my lord intended it. The Lost Lady, a Tragy-Comedy, 1638. GHITTERN. See GITTERN. GHOST. A dead person.

Whoever was the author of the second part of Henry VI certainly meant to describe the common appearance of a corpse after a natural death, in these lines: Oft have I seen a timely-parted ghost, Of ashy semblance, meagre, pale, and bloodless, Being all descended to the labouring heart, &c. 2 Hen. VI, iii, 2.

But, he goes on to say, the appearance of the duke of Gloucester's corpse (then before them) is quite different from one timely-parted, or dying in due course of time, as it exhibits every possible mark of violence. Mr. Malone has shown that ghost is similarly used for a dead body, in the same play from which this was taken: Sweet father, to thy murder'd ghost I swear. Addressing the corpse before him. Spenser has employed it to signify a person:

No knight so rude, I ween,
As to doen outrage to a sleeping ghost.

F. Q., II, viii, 26.

Thus a person is sometimes called a soul. A similar passage occurs in Fletcher's Purple Island:

Whose leaden eyes sunk deep in swimming head,
And joyless look, like some pale ashy spright,
Seem'd as he now were dying, or now dead.
B. vii, St. 19.

To haunt as a ghost.

Since Julius Cæsar,

Who at Philippi the good Brutus ghosted,
Then saw you labouring for him.

Ant. and Cleop., ii, 6.

falles.

That a large purple streame adown their glambeux
F. Q., II, vi, 29.
GIANTS OF GUILDHALL. Of these

sublime personages Pennant says:
"Facing the entrance are two tre-
mendous figures, by some named Gog
and Magog, by Stowe an ancient
Briton and Saxon. I leave to others
the important decision." One of them
was called Gogmagog (the patron, I
presume, of the Gogmagog Hills near
Cambridge), and his name, divided,
now serves for both; the other Cori-
næus, the hero and giant of Cornwall,
from whom that county was named.
They are thus mentioned in some old
verses, printed on a broad sheet, 1660:
And such stout Coronaus was, from whom
Cornwal's first honor, and her name doth come.
For though he sheweth not so great, nor tall
In his dimensions set forth at Guildhall,
Know 'tis a poet only can define

A gyant's posture in a gyant's line.

And thus attended by his direful dog,
The gyant was (God bless us) Gogmugog.
British Bibliogr., iv, p. 277.
A male cat.
An expression exactly analogous to
that of a Jack-ass, the one being
formerly called Gib, or Gilbert, as
commonly as the other Jack. Tom-
cat is now the usual term, and for a
similar reason. Tibert is said to be
old French for Gilbert, aud appears
as the name of the cat, in the old
story-book of Reynard the Fox.
Chaucer, in the Romaunt of the Rose,
gives Gibbe, our cat," as the trans-
lation of "Thibert le cas," v. 6204.
From Tibert, Tib also was a common
name for a cat. Gibbe, our cat, is an
important personage in the old play
of Gammer Gurton's Needle.
Sherwood's English Dictionary, sub-
joined to Cotgrave's, we have "A gibbe

A GIB, or a GIB CAT.

66

In

(or old male cat), Matou." It was
certainly a name not bestowed upon
a cat early in life, as we may be
assured by the melancholy character
ascribed to it, in Shakespeare's allu-
sion. It did not mean, as some have
imagined, a castrated cat, because one
of the supposed offences against Gam-
mer Gurton was the reducing Gib
improperly to that state.

But ca'st thou not tell in faith, Diccon, why she frowns
or whereat,

Hath no man stolen her ducks, or henes, or gelded
Gyb her cat.
Gam. Gurt., O. Pl., ii, 10.
'Sblood, I am as melancholy as a gib cat or a ugd
1 Hen. IV, 1, 2.

bear.

For who that's but a queen, fair, sober, wise,
Would from a paddock, from a bat, a gib,
Such dear concernings hide?

Haml., iii, 4.
But afore I will endure such another half day with
him, I'll be drawn with a good gib-cat, through the
great pond at home, as his uncle Hodge was.
B. Jons. Barth. Fair, i, 4.

It is improperly applied to a female
by Beaumont and Fletcher:

Bring out the cat-hounds, I'll make you take a tree,
whore, then with my tiller bring down your gib-ship,
and then have you cas'd and hung up i' the warren.
B. and Fl. Scornful Lady, v, p. 343.
Hence the anonymous editor of Mars-
ton's Parasitaster (Anc. Dr., vol. ii,
p. 381) argues for its meaning a
spayed female cat; but all authorities
are against him. Coles has "Gib, a
contraction of Gilbert ;" and imme-
diately after, "a Gib-cat, catus, felis
mas. Wilkins, in his Index to the
Philosophical Language, has "gib
(male) cat." As to gelded being used
for spayed, he is right. See GELD.
Nothing can be more erroneous than
the explanation adopted in Cens. Lit.,
viii, p. 232.

Gibb'd cat, which appears in some
passages, is only a foolish corruption
of the right form, gib-cat:

Yes, and swell like a couple of gibb'd cats, met both
by chance i' the dark, in an old garret.

Match at Midn., O. Pl., vii, 369.
To GIBBER. Probably made from to
jabber, by a common corrupt redupli-
cation similar to fiddle-faddle, gibble-
gabble, shill-I-shall-I, &c.; and if so,
more properly written jibber. If it
were spoken with the g hard, we
might be inclined to form it from the
same original as gibberish; but the
different sound of the first letter in-
dicates a different root. Gibberish is
conjectured by Johnson to be formed