An angel-like water of a marvellous virtue against blearedness of the eyes, chanks, and burning with fire. Lupton's Thousand Notable Things. +CHANNEL-BONE. The collar-bone. Used by Chapman, Hom. Il., xvii. Clavicula jugulus, Cels. compages colli cum trunco, κλεὶς, κληὶς. Homer. κληίθρον, Galeno. L'os du The channel bone: the necke bone or throte gavion. Nomenclator, 1585. CHANSON, PIOUS. What is meant by it, in the following wild speech, of Hamlet's feigned madness, has been more disputed than it is worth. Why as by lot, God wot, and then you know, it came to pass, as most like it was, the first row of the pious Haml., ii, 2, chanson will shew you more. The pious chanson might mean a sacred song on Jephtha, which appears to be quoted. But the reading is doubtful; Pons chanson and Pans chansons are in the folios, both of which are apparently nonsense. Hamlet was perhaps intended to mix French and English, but both seem to have been corrupted by the players, or the printers. +CHAPS. The chops. Infesting all the flock, he teares and spoiles +CHAPERON. The judges meet in som uncouth dark dungeon, and the executioner stands by, clad in a close dark garment, his head and face covered with a chaperon, out of which ther are but two holes to look through, and a huge link burning in his hand. Howell's Familiar Letters, 1650. +CHAPILET. A chaplet. Make her a goodly chapilet of azur'd colombine, Spira, capitis ornamentum femineum, ex auro et CHAPINEY, the same as CHIOPPINE. The collomns hie, the chapters guilt with gold, In all his dressings, characts, titles, forms, Be an arch-villain. Meas. for Meas., v, 1. A statute of Edw. VI directs the seals of office of every bishop to have certain characts, under the king's arms, for the knowledge of the diocese. 1 Ed. VI, c. 2. CHARACTERY. Writing; that which is charactered; expression. Accented on the second syllable. Faries use flowers for their charáctery. Mer. W. W., v, 5. All my engagements I will construe to thee, All the charáctery of my sad brows. Jul. Cæs., ii, 1. CHARE, or CHAR-WORK. Taskwork, or any labour. Of uncertain derivation. See Todd. And when thou'st done this chare I'll give thee leave I have yet one chare to do. Promos & Cassandra, i, 6. To CHARE, or CHAR. To work, or do. All's char'd when he is gone. Two Noble Kinsm., iii, 2. All's char'd, means "all is done; it is all over." That char is char'd, as the good wife said when she had hang'd her husband." Ray's Prov., p. 182, who there conjectures char to be formed from charge, kar άлокоя. See CHEWRE. CHARE THURSDAY. The Thursday in Passion week. Corrupted, according to the following ancient explanation, from Shear Thursday, being the day for shearing, or shaving, preparatory to Easter. Called also Maundy Thursday. Upon Chare Thursday Christ brake bread unto his Ester day. For on Good Fryday they doo theyr bodyes none ease, but suffre penaunce in mynde of him, that that day suffred his passyon for all man kynde. On Ester even it is tyme to here theyr servyce, and after servyce make holy daye. Then as Johan Bellet sayth, on Sher Thursday a man sholde do poll his here, and clype his berde, and a preest sholde shave his crowne, so that there shold nothynge be betweene God and hym. Festival, quoted by Dr. Wordsworth, in Eccles. Biog., vol. i, p. 297. +CHARET, CHARRY. Old forms of chariot. The further from the sun, the duller wits. The common people imagined the sun to be carried about in a charet with horses. Phaer's Virgil, 1600, marg. n. Come pray thee come, wee'l now assay To piece the scantness of the day: We'l pluck the wheels from th' charry of the sun, Us time to live; Till that our scene be done. Witt's Recreations, 1654. CHARGE. To give a charge to the watchmen appears to have been a regular part of the duty of the constable of the night. Dogberry's charge is well known, which, curious. Well, masters, we hear our charge: let us go sit here Conjectured to CHARGE-HOUSE. mean a free-school, by Mr. Steevens; but more probably a common school, for at a free-school there is no charge. Used only, as far as I know, in the following question to Holofernes the schoolmaster; evidently intended for affected language. Do you not educate youth at the charge-house on the top of the mountain? L. L. Lost, v, 1. CHARINESS. Caution; scrupulousness. From chary, which, as well as this derivative, is growing obsolete. Nay, I will consent to act any villainy against him, that may not sully the chariness of our honesty. Mer. W. W., ii, 1. CHARITY, ST. The allegorical personage Charity figured as a saint in the Romish Calendar, and quently was currently spoken of as such by Ophelia sings, our ancestors. conse By Gis, and by Saint Charity. Haml., iv, 5. Gammer Gurton says, And helpe me to my neele, for God's sake, and St. Spenser also speaks of her:" Ah! dear Lord! and sweet Saint Charity! Ecl. May, 247. CHARLES'S WAIN. The old name From the unbounded ocean, and cold climes The editor of the old plays, there, Charle Wane is used by Bp. Gavin +Nor can the searching eye, or most admirable art of astronomie, ever yet finde, that a coach could attaine to that high exaltation of honour, as to be placed in the firmament. It is apparently seen, that Charles his Cart (which we by custome call Charles his Wane) is most gloriously stellifide, where in the large circumference of heaven, it is a most usefull and beneficiall sea-marke (and sometimes a land-marke too.) Taylor's Workes, 1630. To CHARM. To utter musical sounds, whether by voice or instrument. From ciarma, Ital. Here we our slender pipes may safely charm. Decker, Gul's Hornb. Procm. With charm of earliest birds. †CHARM-MILK. buttermilk. Par. L., iv, 641. An old name for Lac serosum, agitatum. yáλa oppades. Lait beuré. Nomenclator, 1585. CHARMER. One who deals in charms or spells; magician. Butter milke: charme milke. That handkerchief Did an Egyptian to my mother give. I fly unseen as charmers in a mist. Oth., iii, 4. Fuimus Troes, O. PL., vii, 497. In the Psalms, we read of the charmer who charms wisely, with a design to quell the fury of the adder. Ps. lviii, 5. +CHARNE. To churn. They are so practized and inured in all kinde of barbarisme, that they will milke one mare, and let another blood, and the blood and the milke they will charne together in their hats or caps, till they have made fresh cheese and creame (which the divell will scarce eate). Taylor's Workes, 1630. A sort CHARNICO, or CHARNECO. of sweet wine. Supposed by Warburton to be derived from charneca, the Spanish name for a species of turpentine tree. And here, neighbour, here's a cup of charneco. 2 Hen. VI, ii, 3. Come my inestimable bullies, we'll talk of your noble acts in sparkling charnico. Puritan, act iv, Suppl. to Sh., ii, 616. It was probably esteemed a fine wine, being introduced with sack in the first-cited passage, and in the following mentioned with anchovies, which were then esteemed a great delicacy: And 's soon I'd undertake to follow her, L. Where no old charnico is, nor no anchoves. B. & Fl. Wit without M., act ii. A pottle of Greek wine, a pottle of Peter-sa-meene, a pottle of charnico. 2d Part of Honest Wh., O. Pl., iii, 457. It was probably a Spanish wine, being mentioned with others as such, in a work called Philocothonista. See the note on the above passage. Yet Mr. Steevens asserts that Charneco is the name of a village near Lisbon. +CHAROKKOE. A corruption of the Italian scirocco, the south-east wind. When the chill charokkoe blows, And winter tells a heavy tale. Ballad, 17th cent. CHARTEL. A challenge, or letter of defiance. From charta, Lat. The word now in use, but in a different sense, is cartel, from cartelle, Ital. See Johnson. Chief of domestic knights, and errant, Hudibr., 1. i, 21. You had better have been drunk, and set in the stocks for it, when you sent the post with a whole packet of chartels for me. Lord Roos' Letter to Lord Dorchester, 1659, p. 5. CHARY. Scrupulous; nicely cautious. The chariest maid is prodigal enough, Haml., i, 3. Nor am I chary of my beauty's hue, CHASBOW. The bowe. The violet her fainting head declin'd Drummond, p. 13, ed. 1791. Gerard says, the plant was called in his frigots came rowing towards the ship, and being then calme that the ship could not worke, hee came in such sort that she could have none but her chase peece to beare upon them, which lay so well to passe, that they sunke two of their frigots before they could boord her, and two more after they were by her sides. Taylor's Workes, 1630. CHAUCER'S JESTS. Incontinence in act or language. Probably from the licentious turn of some of that poet's Tales. In good faith, no; the wight that once hath tast the fruits of love, Untill her dying daye will long sir Chaucer's jests to Lesbia doth laugh to heare sellers and buyers Yet would he not play Cupid's ape, Part Ant. & Mell. Anc. Dr., ii, 144. The editor of that work changed the word, because it was unknown to him. But Cotgrave has it, both in the French and English part, and Todd gives it as a substantive from Bp. Herbert Croft. +CHAUNE, or CHAWNE. A crack, or crevice. Anaximander is of opinion, that the earth waxing drie upon a long and extraordinarie drought, or after much moist weather and store of raine, openeth very great chinkes and wide chawnes, at which the aire above with violence and in exceeding much quantitie entreth, and so by them shaken with a strong spirit, is stirred and moved out of her proper place. Holland's Ammianus Marcellinus, 1609. English poppy, or cheese-bowles, P. CHAW. An old form of the word jaw. 400. A strange corruption! CHASEMATE. See CASAMATE. +CHASE-PIECE. The cannon in a ship which was so placed as to be available in pursuing an enemy, placed no doubt on the bow. The eighth day, about 7 in the morning, Rufrero with It occurs in that form in the translations of the Bible, Ezekiel xxix, 4, and xxxviii, 4, but has been silently altered in the later editions. It was continued in the first part of the 18th century. +Now this inflexible purpose of his grew the more confirmed through the covetousnesse both of himselfe, and of those also who conversed then in the court, gaping still for more, and never laying their chawes together, which did set him on and pricke him ever forward. Holland's Ammianus Marcellinus, 1609. + Danieles after this, and Barzimeres, when thus deluded they were returned [to the court,] being with reproachfull tearmes reviled as dastards and cowards, faring like unto venimous serpents, which with the first blow are astonied, plucked up their spirits and whetted their deadly chawes, purposing as soone as possibly they could if it lay in their power to be meet with him that thus escaped their hands, and to doe him mischiefe. Ibid. Bochas., 33. CHAWL. The jaw, or jaw-bone. Of an asse he caught the chaule bone. Cited by a writer in the Gent. Mag., Feb., 1820, p. 116. The editor adds, "Pigs' chauls are to be had at every pork-shop." In Staffordshire, they are simply called chawls; which would be a better term than the compounds, pigs'-faces, or pigs'-chops, which are commonly used in London. CHEAP, Market. See CHEPE. CHEAPSIDE CROSS. The cross at Cheapside, being much revered by the Papists, was proportionably detested by the Puritans. It was therefore removed May 2d, 1643. Randolph's Muses' Looking Glass, a Puritan calls it an idol ;- —or rather the statue of the Virgin which was on it. She looketh like the idol of Cheapside. CHEARE, or CHEERE. Look; air of countenance. In No sign of joy did in his looks appear, Or ever mov'd his melancholy chear. Drayton's Owl, 8vo, p. 1292. With cheare as though one should another whelme, Where we have fought and chased oft' with dartes. Ld. Surrey's Sonnet on Winds. Castle. CHEAT-BREAD. Household bread; i. e., wheaten bread of the second sort. This is fully explained by Cotgrave, who, under Pain, has pain bourgeois, which he renders "crible bread, between white and brown, a bread that somewhat resembles our wheaten, or cheat." Todd derives it from achet, but that seems doubtful. G. Mason, the censurer of Johnson, says, "the finest white bread." very See MANCHET. In the following it seems to indicate a fine sort, yet perhaps the speaker means that she shall be reduced even to the coarsest kind: she laments that she shall be, Without French wires; or cheat bread, or quails; or a little dog; or a gentleman usher; or indeed any thing that's fit for a lady. them. Eastward Hoe, O. Pl., iv, 281. +As when salt Archy or Garret doth provoke them, And with wide laughter and a cheat-loafe choake Corbet's Poetica Stromata, 1648. CHEATER, is said, in many modern notes, to have been synonymous with gamester: but it meant always an unfair gamester, one who played with false dice though the name is said to have been originally assumed by those gentry themselves. He's no swaggerer, hostess; a tame cheater, he. [The hostess immediately contrasts the expression with honest man.] Cheater call you him? I will bar no honest man my house, nor no cheater. 2 Hen. IV, ii, 4. So, in Ben Jonson's epigram on Captain Hazard the cheater, his false play is immediately mentioned: Touch'd with the sin of false-play in his punk, Hazard a month forswore his, and grew drunk. Epigr. 87. In several old books, it is said that the term was borrowed from the lawyers, casual profits to a lord of a manor being called escheats or cheats, and the officer who exacted them escheater or cheater. An officer of the Exchequer, employed to exact such forfeitures, and therefore held in no good repute, was apparently so called, at least by the common people. I will be cheater to them both, and they shall be exchequers to me. Mer. W. W., i, 3. To CHECK. A term in falconry. To pause in the flight; to change the game while in pursuit, especially for an inferior kind. And like the haggard check at ev'ry feather CHECK, 8. small Base game itself was also called check; such as rooks, birds, &c. To take your falcon from going out to any check, thus you must do: If she hath kill'd a check and has fed thereon, before you come in, &c. Gentl. Recr., 8vo, p. 27. The free haggard, (Which is that woman that hath wing, and knows it, Spirit and plume) will make a hundred checks To shew her freedom. B. & Fl. Tamer tamed. Used also See Todd, Check, No. 5. The poor cattle yonder are passing away the time +To CHECK. To reproach. with a cheat loaf, and a bumbard of broken beer. B. Jons. Masque of Augurs, vol. vi, p. 123. as a substantive, a taunt. Which beheld by Hector, he let go This bitter check at him. Chapm. Hom. Il., iii, 37. +CHECK-CLOUD. Not to dismount a checke-cloud earthy heape, Rowlands' Betraying of Christ, 1598. CHECK-LATON. Used by Spenser for a kind of gilt leather, as he has defined it in his View of Ireland, and probably means the same here. crepid at thirty. I am upwards of threescore, and yet, ods precious, I am sound of limb and cheary of heart. Ha, come lady. Wrangling Lovers, 1877. +CHEERING. A rural feast or merrymaking. Feasts which they called barley-feasts, wherein they did sacrifice for or with their barley, and so be the feastings, meetings, and cheerings called in our barleyharvests at this day. a Withals' Dictionarie, ed. 1608, p. 84. +CHENIX. A measure of corn; bushel. The Gr. xoir. χοίνιξ. But in a jacket, quilted richly rare, Upon checklaton, he was strangely dight. F. Q., V1, vii, 43. Tyrwhitt, on Chaucer, seems rather to make it the form of a robe, from an old French word, ciclaton; and he considers Spenser as mistaken in his idea of it. Yet Chaucer's words are, "his robe was of ciclatoun," which surely implies that it was made of a substance so called. [The word is derived from the Arabic, and signified +CHECKER-MAN. A player at chess. I will allow him pottage thickt with bran, Of barley-meale a chenix every day. Historie of Albino and Bellama, 1638. †CHEESE. Suffolk cheese seems to have been notorious for its bad quality. Observations on April. originally a rich stuff which was brought from the East.] +CHECK-TEETH. The grinders. cheek teeth. For +CHECQUER-ROLL. A check-roll, or list of servants in the household. First, if any man being the kings sworne servant (and his name in the chequer-roll of his houshold) under the degree of a lord, shall conspire with another. Dalton's Countrey Justice, 1620. CHEEKS AND EARS. A fantastic name for a kind of head-dress, of temporary fashion. Fr. O then thou can'st tell how to help me to cheeks and ears. L. Yes, mistress, very well. Fl. S. Cheeks and ears! why, mistress Frances, want you cheeks and ears? methinks you have very fair ones. Fr. Thou art a fool indeed. Tom, thou knowest what I mean. Civ. Ay, ay, Kester; 'tis such as they wear a' their heads. London Prod., iv, 3, Suppl. to Sh., ii, 511. +CHEESE-TRENCHERS. Are referred to in old plays as having posies often inscribed on them. +CHEEKS. Door-posts. Antæ, Vitru. ostiorum latera, Festo, Lapides vel arrectaria utrunque; ostii latus munientia. Tapaσrádes, Xenoph. σTabμot, Polluci, TérTapa, Hesych. Poll. Les jambes, ou jambages d'un huis ou porte. The doore postes, jambes, or cheeks of the doore. +CHEERY. In good spirits. A Nomenclator. young maid having married an old man, was observed on the day of marriage to be somewhat moody, as if she had eaten a dish of chums, which one of her bridemen observing bid her be cheery, and told her moreover, that an old horse would hold out as long and as well as a young in travel. Witty Apothegms, 1669. Ben. Ods precious, madam, I am not so old yet to think it a trouble to wait upon ladies. Mine was not Poverty and pride this Easter will go hand in hand, many will pinch their bellies to adorn their backs, and young women tumble upon their backs to please their bellies. Many London prentices will be forc'd to eat Suffolk cheese, that their masters daughters may be kept at a boarding-school. London Bewitched, 1708. For Death hath been a checker-man And he is such a one as can +CHEIREBOLL. Death's Dance, an old Ballad, n. d. That upon the cheyreboll hard beating his fist, CHEPE. Market, Saxon. Nor can it nought our gallant prayses reape, Ret. from Parn., sc. 1. As good chepe is therefore exactly analogous to the French, aussi bon marché. As That yf there were a thousande soules on a hepe, I wold bring them all to heven, as good chepe ye have brought yourselfe on pilgrimage. Four P's, O. Pl., i, 60. But the sack that thou hast drunk me would have bought me lights as good cheap, at the dearest chandler's in Europe. 1 Hen. IV, iii, 3. Perhaps thou may'st agree better cheap now. Anonymous Play of Hen. V. Hence Cheapside, East Cheap, &c. CHERALLY. A liquor, but of what sort is uncertain. By your leave, sir, I'll tend my master, and instantly Burnt brandy very good I hold, an age of that debauchery to make men old and de- +CHERRILETS. A term for the paps. |