migrates to the southward and ap-| pears upon the coast of Portugal. GARGANEY (Anas querquedula. Linn.) The bill of the garganey is of a deep lead colour; the crown of the head dusky, with oblong streaks;| a white line extends from the corner of each eye to the back of the neck, the upper part of which is of a pale purple, marked with minute oblong lines of white, pointing downwards; the breast of a light brown, with semicircular bars of black; the belly, white; the lower part and vent, varied with specks and bars of a dusky hue; the coverts of the wings, gray; the first quill feathers, ash coloured; the scapulars, long and narrow, beautifully striped with white, ash colour, and black; the tail, dusky; legs, ash colour. The head, coverts of the wings, and scapulars of the female, are of a brownish ash colour; the breast, white, dusky, and orange; the space round the eyes, dark. As regards size, the garganey is larger than the teal, and smaller than the widgeon. It frequents the fresh waters of Europe, and in many places is called the summer teal.

GARTH or FISH-GARTH. A wear or dam in a river for the catching of fish.

GARTHMAN (in old statutes). One that owns an open wear where fish are taken.

GAZE-HOUND, or GAST HOUND. A dog that pursues game with courage and fleetness, relying more upon his sight than his scent.This species was formerly in much request in the north of England, but is now nearly lost. Gordon's famous hounds, mentioned in the Sporting Magazine, have a close affinity to the old English gaze-hound.

GELDING. A horse that has been castrated. See CASTRATION. GENNET. A name applied to a species of small horse, common in Spain. Also a small animal, native of Spain, somewhat larger than the weasel, which it much resembles.

GENTLE. A particular kind of worm or maggot used as a bait in angling. They may be bred from coarse fish or from a liver, and fed or cleansed for after use.

GER or GYR-FALCON, White (Fulco cundicans). This species is very common in Iceland; is found in Lapland and Norway, but rarely in the Orkneys or North Britain. In Asia it dwells in the highest points of the Uralian and other Siberian mountains, and dares the coldest climates throughout the year. This bird is pre-eminent in courage as well as beauty, and is the terror of other hawks. It was flown at all kinds of fowl, how great soever, but its chief game was herons and cranes. The white gyr-falcon of Pennant has legs and cere of a bluish ash, the bill bluish and greatly hooked; the eye dark blue, the throat of a pure white; the body, wings, and tail of the same colour, most elegantly marked with dusky bars, lines, or spots, leaving the white the far prevailing colour. There are instances, though rare, of its being found entirely white. In some the whole tail is crossed by remote bars of black or brown; in others, they appear only very faintly on the middle feathers: the feathers of the thighs are very long and unspotted: the legs strong and of a light blue. It weighs fortyfive ounces troy; length nearly two feet; extent four feet two inches. This species, with the Iceland (brown) and Greeland falcons, are reserved for the kings of Denmark, who send a falconer with attendants, annually, into Iceland to purchase them. They are caught by the natives, a certain number of whom in every district are licensed for that purpose.

GESTURE. The action and due position of all the parts of the body; of the head, the shoulders; the body or trunk; of the arms, hands, fingers; of the lower limbs, and of the feet. The fundamental principles

ments depend, may be understood from the following analysis and illustration. Let a figure stand in an erect position, with arms and hands unrestrained and at rest (as

FIG. 1.

FIG. 3.

-These circles are distinguished by dotted lines and placed near the primitive.—All these circles are intersected by three others: by one great circle (h f h) passing through the projecting point, and here called the horizontal circle, and by two lesser circles (efe and d f d) parallel to it above and below at the distance of forty-five degrees.

The human figure, as in fig. 1, is supposed to be so placed within this artificial sphere, that the centre of the breast shall coincide with the centre of the sphere, and that the diameter of the horizontal circle, perpendicular to a radius drawn to the projecting point, shall pass through the shoulders; then, any position, motion, and attitude of the arms of the actor may be referred to, determined, and regulated systematically, by these circles and their intersections.

GIG. A common term for a light one horse chaise.

GIGS or BLADDERS, or FLAPS (in Farriery). Small pustules with black heads, that grow inside the lips of a horse under his great jaw teeth, and cause much pain. They should be opened with a knife, and the wounds washed with salt and water.

GINS. Devices, such as horsehair and wire nooses, springes, dulls, &c. to take birds, fish, and the smaller quadrupeds by the neck or legs, or both.

GIRLE (among Hunters). A roe-buck of two years old.

GIRTHS (of a Saddle). Strong bands of canvass or web brought under a horse's belly, and buckled at each end to the saddle, to retain it in its proper place. The patent elastic Indian-rubber girth prevents the saddle from shifting forward, and does not break in leaping.

GIRTH-WEB. The name of the strong cloth of which saddle-girths are made.

GIVE-AND-TAKE PLATES, where horses, &c. carried a certain

regulated by a graduated scale:→ thus, horses measuring fourteen hands, to carry nine stone; above or below which height, to carry seven pounds more or less, for every inch higher or lower than the fourteen hands fixed as the criterion.

Example.-A horse measuring fourteen hands one inch and a half (four inches making one hand), will carry nine stone, ten pounds, eight ounces: a horse measuring thirteen hands two inches and a half, will carry only eight stone, three pounds, eight ounces; the former being one inch and a half above the fourteen hands, the other one inch and a half below it; the weight is therefore added or diminished by the eighth of every inch, higher or lower, weight in proportion. The horses were measured on a flat stone, about six feet long and three feet broad.

The two broad lines on the stone are five feet distant from each other, the space allowed between the animal's fore and hind feet; and the length of each line is two feet, the space allowed between the two fore feet, as also the same between the two hind feet.

It was a practice to make the horse shrink down when touched on his withers; and thus, when they felt the standard, they, from use, would crouch a little, which of course made them appear less than they really were, and entitled them to carry a less weight than they ought in the race.

GLANDERS. The transition is ready from a highly inflamed state to ulcerating condition, whence we can account for the mutation of the farcy into glanders. The general symptoms of glanders, are, a dis