Embankment dams: James L. Sherard contributions

AASHO active faults ASCE asphaltic concrete Atterberg limits base soil base specimen borehole broadly graded caused ceramic tip CFRD clay core clay dams clayey coarse cohesionless compacted compressive concentrated leaks construction core material Creek damage developed dispersive clay dispersive soils displacement downstream filter earth core earth dams earthquake embankment dams eroded erosion tunnels experience failure fault breaks finer flow foundation Geotechnical Geotechnical Engineering gravel grout hole homogeneous dams horizontal hydraulic fracturing impervious core impervious sections impervious soils initial leak investigations laboratory tests layer leakage channel liquid limit maximum measured membrane meters nondispersive occurred Oklahoma open cracks particles permeability pinhole test piping plasticity pneumatic piezometers pore water pressure practice probably relatively reservoir filling reservoir water rockfill dam samples sand seal seepage Sherard sieve silts slope sodium Soil Mechanics spillway stress surface test pit vertical vibrating wire piezometers water content width Zone