RATES OF FREIGHT AT CINCINNATI.

RATES OF FREIGHT AT CINCINNATI TO NEW ORLEANS AND PITTSBURG, AT THE CLOSE OF EACH WEEK, FOR THE YEAR ENDING AUGUST 31, 1853.

COAL SENT FROM THE CUMBERLAND COAL REGION.

A large amount of capital has been invested in the Cumberland region during the present year, and the effect must be to push up this trade very rapidly. Some even predict that it will, in a few years, divide the market with the anthracite coal from Pennsylvania.

STATEMENT OF THE QUANTITY OF COAL FORWARDED FROM THE CUMBERLAND, MARYLAND, COAL REGION, FROM JULY 1, 1846, TO JULY 1, 1853.

On the completion of the double track of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the facilities for forwarding this coal will be very greatly increased. This work is progressing rapidly.

SHIPS BUILT AT THE PORT OF NEW YORK IN 1852.

The total number of vessels built and launched in the port of New York during the year 1852 was 85, and their aggregate tonnage was 57,777 tons. There are besides now on the stocks 31 vessels, measuring in the aggregate 24,428 tons; giving a grand total of launched and on the stocks of 116 vessels of 82,205 tons.

The following will show the number and tonnage of the several classes of vessels:

To this is to be added the caloric ship Ericsson, of 2,500 tons.

21 4,313

THE FOLLOWING TABLE SHOWS THE NUMBER OF VESSELS BUILT AT THE PORT OF NEW YORK IN 1852, WITH THEIR TONNAGE, NAMES, AND THE NAMES OF THEIR BUILDERS:—

NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC, AND INSTRUCTIONS TO POSTMASTERS.

Particular attention is invited to the following instructions and regulations. In the Mail to Great Britain the single rate of postage is 24 cents, prepayment optional. On either a letter or packet of any weight the whole postage or none at all should be prepaid. If anything less than the whole is prepaid, no account is taken of it, and it is entirely lost to the sender. The British Post-Office declines to change this rule, except on conditions considered inadmissible.

The postage rquired to be collected in the United States, on newspapers, either for or from Great Britain, is 2 cents each; and there is an additional British postage of one penny each, which has to be paid in Great Britain. From the fact that newspapers from Great Britain usually come prepaid, usually by a penny stamp, many Postmasters have regarded them as fully prepaid and have delivered them according

ly; whereas they should invariably collect the United States postage also, of 2 cents on each paper. In some instances, where the newspaper has passed or is to pass in the open mail through Great Britain, to or from some other foreign country, the sum to be collected in the United States is 4 cents.-(See Table of Foreign Postages of 25th May, 1853.) In regard to Pamphlet postage to Great Britain, see section 149 of "Regulations," or the Table above referred to.

In the Prussian closed Mail to Germany, 30 cents is the single rate, prepayment optional. This pays from any part of the United States to any part of the German Austrian Postal Union. A prepayment of any sum less than the regular rate of 30 cents is not recognized, and is of course lost to the sender. A note of fractions of the rate could not be taken without seriously complicating the accounts, besides causing much additional labor and trouble at the exchange offices. But contrary to the practice under the United States and British Postal Convention, in the Prussian mail every full rate of 30 cents is credited, whether the whole postage on a letter or packet is prepaid or not, leaving any balance due to be collected at the office of delivery. Postmasters, however, should be careful, where the postage is prepaid, to collect the proper amount. They should be particular also to notice the route indicated on the envelopes of letters, and to collect postage accordingly. Letters mailed at some offices, marked "via England," or "via Prussian Closed Mail," for the German States, are frequently taken upon the prepayment of Bremen rates, and those marked "via Bremen," at Prussian closed mail rates, &c. In this particular great care is necessary to avoid

mistakes.

On newspapers from any part of the United States, to any part of Germany, including Prussia and Austria, the full postage is 5 cents each, prepayment required. In like manner, newspapers from Germany in the Prussian closed mail, are fully prepaid there. Pamphlets and periodicals cannot be sent through Great Britain either in the Prussian closed mail or otherwise.

By the Bremen Mail, the rule, in regard to insufficiently prepaid letters, is the same as under the Prussian arrangement. The single rate to Bremen is 10 cents, to Oldenburg 13, to Altona, Hamburg, and Hanover, 15, and to any other place in Germany, 22 cents, prepayment optional. In either case a prepayment of any fraction of the full rate goes for nothing.

Newspapers, sent in the Bremen mail from the United States, must be prepaid two cents each, and pamphlets and magazines one cent an ounce or fraction of an ounce. This is the United States postage only the foreign postage having to be paid at the point of delivery. On all printed matter from the continent by the United States and Bremen line of steamers, the whole postage, (United States and Foreign) is to be prepaid.

To or from France, the single rate of letter postage, which must be collected in the United States, is as follows: By the New York and Havre line 20 cents, which pays to or from Havre; by United States steamers, via England, 21 cents, which pays to or from Liverpool or Southampton, as the case may be; and by British steamers, via England, 5 cents, which pays only to or from the port of departure in the United States. The balance of the postage, in each instance, is collected in France. The Havre line is the cheapest, and by this route the United States postage on newspapers is 2 cents each, and on pamphlets and magazines one cent an ounce or fraction of an ounce-prepayment required.

The rule for rating letters to all foreign countries (except the British North American provinces) is to charge one rate for half an ounce or under, two rates if the weight is over one half and not exceeding an ounce; four rates, if over one and not exceeding two ounces; six rates, if over two and not exceeding three ounces: and so on, charging two rates for every ounce or fractional part of an ounce over the first ounce. As this rule differs from that followed in respect to domestic letters, where each half ounce or fraction of a half ounce counts as one rate only, Postmasters who are not careful to observe this difference are liable of course to commit mistakes. JAMES CAMPBELL, Postmaster-General.

POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT, Sept. 9, 1853.

NOTE.-The "Table of Postages to Foreign Countries," of 25th May, 1853, remains unchanged, except in respect to Bremen, above explained, and that the postage on pamphlets and magazines to all foreign countries, (with the exception of Great Britain, the British North American provinces, and the West Coast of South America,) by whatever line, is now one cent an ounce or fraction of an ounce instead of two cents.