SCHOOL EDITION. SPIERS' FRENCH DICTIONARY. THE ONLY ABRIDGMENT MADE BY SPIERS HIMSELF OF HIS CELEBRATED WORK, AND THE ONLY ABRIDGED SPIERS' DICTIONARY PUBLISHED IN THIS COUNTRY. REVISED, CORRECTED, AND ENLARGED, WITH THE PRONUNCIATION AFFIXED OF EVERY FRENCH WORD, AND A KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION; BY J. L. JEWETT, EDITOR Or OLLENDORFF'S NEW METHOD OF LEARNING FRENCH." "We do not hesitate to pronounce it the best French and English Dictionary of its size that exists."-N. Y. Courier and Enquirer. "This is one of the most thorough and correct manuals for learning French now before the public."-N. Y. Tribune. "The best, most comprehensive, and convenient work of the kind that has been published." -Boston Allas. "We know of nothing that ought to be added to make this the best small French Dictionary in the market."-N. Y. Times. "We are confident it will prove a useful compendium for the student. It is particularly adapted For the use of schools." -Boston Morning Jour. THE PRONOUNCING SCHOOL DICTIONARY OF THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES, is an abridgment by Professor Spiers of his General French and English Dictionary, a work which has well-nigh replaced all others of its class in Europe and America. The superiority of Spiers' Pronouncing School Dictionary over other works of its class, will be readily seen by an enumeration of its leading characteristics; and in order that it may in a slight degree speak for itself, a specimen page is herewith appended, and the reader is requested to turn to the words referred to. 1. It is newly composed from the latest original Dictionaries in the two languages, and therefore contains the words and phrases, both English and French, of modern literature, science and art. 2. The words of one language are rendered with precision and accuracy into the other by equivalents, and not by definitions; when definitions are necessary, they are printed in a different type, and placed in parentheses, that the learner may not confound them with the proper equiv. alent. [See in the accompanying page of the Dictionary, the word terre.] N. B. This mark (-) denotes the repetition of the "It is full, complete, and precise, and adapted as well for a work of general reference as for use in the school-room, or to the self-instructing student."-N. Y. Express. "In every respect an elegant and useful publication: it is, perhaps, the best small French Dictionary ever issued."-Boston Post. "This is an admirably-arranged School edition of Mr. Spiers' work, and will no doubt substitute all those at present in use in educational establishments."N. Y. Herald. leading French word; and this (=) the repetition of the first English word that translates the French word marked thus (—). 3. The various acceptations of words, being modifications of one and the same idea, are arranged in logical order, and separated by figures, in order that they may not be taken for synonyms of the same acceptations. [See the word terme.] 4. Acceptations peculiar to certain objects, or to certain arts and sciences, are given in the alphabetical order of their designation. [See the words tenue; ter; terne.] 5. The principal distinctions to be observed in translation, that is, whether the senses are to be applied to persons or things, in a good or bad sense. are uniformly designated. [See the words tentative; tenue.] 6. The idioms are given in a separate paragraph, and so classified into series that one may be readily found without the whole being perused. Nouns are presented, 1, with adjectives; 2, with other nouns; 3, with prepositions; 4, with vorbs. Verbs are arranged, 1, with adjectives or adverbs; 2, with nouns; 3, in any part of their conjugation; 4, attended by prepositions or adverbs. [See under the words terrain; tenir; se tenir, etc.] ELEMENTS OF CRITICISM. BY HENRY HOME, LORD KAMES, JUDGE OF THE COURT OF SESSIONS IN SCOTLAND, &c. &c. WITH ANALYSES, الار TRANSLATIONS OF ANCIENT AND FOREIGN ILLUSTRATIONS. EDITED BY ABRAHAM MILLS, A. M. AUTHOR OF AN IMPROVED EDITION OF ALISON ON TASTE, ETC. NEW EDITION. NEW YORK: F. J. HUNTINGTON, AND MASON BROTHERS, 1855. LELAND STANFORD LIBRARY UNIVERSITY A 1882 Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year 1833, by JAMES CONNER and WILLIAM R. COOKE in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Southern District of New York. 1762 EDITOR'S PREFACE. THE present edition of Lord Kames' Criticisms was prepared, and is now offered to the public, with a view to facilitate the use of the work, and to render it more acceptable to general readers. To effect the former object, an analysis has been placed at the head of each chapter; and to effect the latter, translations, either original or selected, have been affixed to the numerous passages introduced as illustrations, from the Latin and Italian languages. The editor deems it unnecessary to enter into any process of argument, by which to justify the course he has pursued in the preparation of the present work; as in all matters of practical utility, the only just judgment that can possibly be formed must necessarily rest on practical effects: and though he would be sorry to arrogate any superiority to himself, or to his own observation, yet there may, perhaps, be no impropriety in saying, that the result of the experience of many years arduously devoted to the business of instruction, is, a thorough conviction that only by presenting a subject to the mind in its leading features, and as one whole, can students obtain a clear and comprehensive view of it. Too much dependence however, in the use of the work, must not be placed upon the analyses; for it is by no means intended that because of them is less of the work to be learned⚫ their principal object is, as before stated, to render the instruc tion of classes less irksome, and less difficult. The editor would, therefore, recommend to professors and teachers, uniformly to insist that scholars, at the commencement of their recitations, be prepared to repeat, with perfect clearness, the subject of each chapter or section, by its respective analysis; and from it to conduct the recitation of the class. He is aware, however, that to teachers not familiar with the subject, this would be impossible; but where is the teacher to be found, determined to excel in his profession, who would not, from considerations, both of duty and of interest, study to acquire that familiarity by which alone, he can secure to himself, the confidence and respect of his scholars, and ultimate success in his calling! That in works for general reading, and especially in tex books, translations should be uniformly affixed to passages introduced from the ancient classics, as illustrations, the editor does not hesitate to say must be the conviction of every candid and intelligent mind: as to scholars who may be familiar with those languages, they can certainly be no hinderance; while to those who have not enjoyed the advantages of a classical education, they are indispensably necessary. It is true that many persons still seem to think it bordering almost on presumption for any one to pretend to taste or elegant scholarship in the Belles Lettres, who can not read Latin and Greek; but though the advantages of a knowledge of these languages, in forming one's taste, must ever be acknowledged to be immensely great, yet it by no means follows, that those who may not understand them have not it in their power to cultivate theirs. The principles of taste, and the perception of the Sublime and the Beautiful, exist, in a greater or less degree, in every mind; and as every man fami |