see the horse, but their fear is increased when the sound comes from behind them. There are some animals which the elephant cannot endure, even when they are quiet. The tiger is one of these creatures; and there is good reason for this dislike; but why elephants should refuse to approach a camel is not quite so clear. The elephant will travel in company with camels when they are laden without exhibiting much repugnance, but it does not like to come near a camel which has no burden.-Wood's Anecdotes of Animal Life.

124. NAPOLEON AND WASHINGTON.

Napoleon had just been installed as First Consul, at the palace of the Tuileries, where everything still breathed the recollection of its ancient kings, when he learned the news of the death of Washington. He had died on the 14th of the preceding December, at the age of sixty-eight, at a private country house in Virginia, having secured the independence of his country as a general, its liberty as a legislator, and its property as a magistrate. The First Consul, to show his respect for the magnanimous character of the hero of the American Republic, announced his death to the consular guard and to all the troops of the French Republic in the following order of the day : 'Washington is dead! This great man fought against tyranny; he established the liberty of his country. His memory must always be dear to the French people, as well as to all free men of both worlds, and especially to the French soldiers, who, like him and his American troops, fight in defence of liberty and equality. In consequence, the First Consul has ordered that, for the space of ten days, black crape shall be hung on all the colours and standards of the Republic.'

What, asks Hazlitt, not without reason—what hindered Bonaparte from following Washington's example?

125. THE BRITISH ARMY.

The first corps raised in England in accordance with our present system, and in fact the first germ of an English standing army, was the Coldstream Guards, raised by General Monk at Coldstream on the Border. In the course of a few years

several others were added, and by 1665 the British infantry consisted of four regiments besides the Guards. Before the close of the century, a grenadier company, furnished with hand grenades, had been added to each regiment; bayonets had been introduced; several regiments of fusiliers, originally intended to protect artillery, had been raised; and the principle of a standing army of considerable numbers fairly established. Light horse were introduced in 1745, and lancers in the reign of George III. It is within the last few years, however, that the greatest changes have taken place in the British army. But the advancement and elevation of the soldier himself only render him more capable of appreciating the traditions of his corps.

feeling which can always The late Prince Consort,

The regimental esprit de corps is a 'be appealed to with material results. when presenting fresh colours to the 23rd, said: "Receive these colours; one, emphatically called the Queen's—let it be a pledge of your loyalty to your Sovereign, and of obedience to the laws of your country! The other, more especially the regimental one-let that be a pledge of your determination to maintain the honour of your regiment! In looking at the one, you will think of your Sovereign; in looking at the other, you will think of those who have fought, bled, and conquered before you.'The Spectator.

126. WELLINGTON'S EARLY SERVICE.

Sir Arthur Wellesley, afterwards Duke of Wellington, was born on May 1, 1769. He was the son of the Earl of Mornington, and he descended from a very old family on his mother's side. The celebrated Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, served his military apprenticeship under the French flag; and Wellington also went as a boy to France, and received part of his education at the military school of Angers. He was appointed ensign in the British army on March 7, 1787; he became a lieutenant on October 25 in the same year; captain on July 30, 1791; and major on April 30, 1793 : and he served his first campaigns in Flanders and Holland during the years 1794 and 1795, under the command of the Duke of York and of General Walmoden. After the retreat of the British

army, he embarked for India, where he was appointed colonel on May 30, 1796. He shared in the expedition against Mysore,. and after the defeat and death of Tippoo Saib he was named governor of the capital of Mysore in 1799.

During the subsequent years he made war on several Mahratta princes; and he received his brevet of major-general on April 29, 1802. He won the battle of Assaye, over the allied army of the Mahrattas, on September 21, 1803. That army amounted to 20,000 infantry and 30,000 cavalry, besides 120. pieces of ordnance, worked by European artillerymen. MajorGeneral Wellesley had under his orders 7,500 men, consisting of 1,500 British troops, and about 5,000 sepoys; whilst 17 cannon composed the whole of his artillery. He left India in 1805, and, returning to England, he was appointed to the command of a brigade in the expedition to Hanover, and he held' the supreme command over the army of reserve in the expedition against Copenhagen in 1807.

At the time of his return from India, and at the moment of his reappearance on the battle-fields of Europe, Sir Arthur was in all the vigour of life. He was thirty-nine years of age when he first took up the gloves against the French empire. He had fought his way up for fifteen years in Europe and Asia before he had won his brevet of general. Of a strong habit of body and a vigorous mind, he had added to those natural advantages by an indefatigable and well-directed application. He had accustomed himself to enter into the minutest details of the service. The regiment of Colonel Wellesley,' thus wrote General Harrison in 1799, 'is a model regiment.' At the same time he was studying war on a large scale, and he devoted himself with indefatigable energy to maintain order, to keep down every kind of excess, to protect the inhabitants of the country, and to spare the strength of his soldiers. In 1808 the British Government confided to his care a corps of 10,000 men destined to liberate Portugal.-J. Maurel.

127. GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS AT LÜTZEN.

The voice of Gustavus Adolphus mingled with the voices of his people. Then the king mounts his charger and rides along his lines. He wears no armour this day, for he had been

wounded. 'God with us!' is the word of the Swedes; ' JesuMaria!' the cry of the Austrians. There was victory wherever Gustavus appeared; and there was seeming victory also whereever Wallenstein rallied his shaken force. At last news reached the king that his left wing was beginning to yield, just when he had broken the Croats and Poles, and was following up his success. He instantly galloped away to the left, to support his infantry, and the noble horse, in his blind zeal, carried him in advance of his men, so that he was almost alone in front of the enemy. The king's own shortness of sight prevents him from seeing his mistake, until it was too late, alas! He turns to reconnoitre the Austrian lines, when an imperial subaltern officer says to a musketeer: 'Fire at him yonder, that must be a man of consequence.' The soldier takes aim and the king's left arm drops by his side. Then up comes his outridden squadron, and there is a cry: 'The king bleeds! the king is shot!' 'It is nothing, follow me!' cries the king. But he is near fainting, and says in French to the Duke of Lauenburg: "Lead me away unobserved.'-Pictures of Heroes.

128. STATUES AT THE TUILERIES.

From among the Greeks, Demosthenes and Alexander were chosen, to pay homage at once to the genius of eloquence and that of conquest. The statue of Hannibal recalled the greatest enemy of Rome, and Rome herself was represented by Scipio, Cicero, and Cato; by Brutus and Cæsar, the victim and his murderer, side by side. Among the great men whom the modern world offered to Bonaparte's choice, he gave the preference to Gustavus Adolphus; then to Turenne and the Great Condé-to Turenne, whose scientific combinations he so much admired-to Condé that it might be thought the remembrance of a Bourbon had for the Consul no terrors; and to show that he rendered homage alike to all men. The memory of the gallant exploits of the French navy was recalled by the statue of Duguay-Trouin. Marlborough and Prince Eugene attested the disasters of the reign of him who was styled the great; while Marshal Saxe proved that the age of even Louis XV. had not altogether been wanting in glory. The image of Frederic and that of Washington were opposed to each other—

false philosophy upon a throne, and true wisdom founding a free state. In fine, the statues of Dugommier, Dampierre, and Joubert clearly evinced to the world the high esteem entertained by General Bonaparte for his former brethren in arms, illustrious victims of a cause no longer his own.-Bourrienne.

129. THE WASP AND THE BEE.

A Fable.

A wasp met a bee, and said to him: 'Pray, can you tell me what is the reason that men are so ill-natured to me, while they are so fond of you? We are both very much alike, only that the broad golden rings about my body make me much handsomer than you are: we are both winged insects, we both love honey, and we both sting people when we are angry; yet men always hate me and try to kill me, though I am much more familiar with them than you are, and pay them visits in their houses, and at their tea-table, and at all their meals; while you are very shy, and hardly ever come near them; yet they build you curious houses, thatched with straw, and take care of and feed you in the winter very often. I wonder what is the reason?' The bee said: 'Because you never do them any good, but, on the contrary, are very troublesome and mischievous; therefore they do not like to see you, but they know that I am busy all day long in making them honey. You had better pay them fewer visits, and try to be useful.'

130. NAPOLEON'S GREATEST BATTLE.

Some one having asked Napoleon at St. Helena, which was the greatest battle that he had fought, he replied: 'It is difficult to answer that question without inquiring what is meant by the greatest battle. Mine cannot be judged of separately: they formed a portion of extensive plans. They must therefore be judged by their results. The battle of Marengo, which was so long undecided, procured for us the command of all Italy. Ulm annihilated a whole army: Jena threw the whole Prussian monarchy into our hands: Friedland opened the Russian empire to us and Eckmühl decided the fate of a war. The battle of the Moskowa was one in which the greatest talent was