Mechanisms of Organ Dysfunction in Critical IllnessTimothy W. Evans, Mitchell P. Fink The pathophysiology of sepsis can be regarded as a series of steps, beginning with the invasion of normally sterile tissue by microbes and the elaboration of various pro-inflammatory mediators. The final common pathway is often the development of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Whereas a great deal has been learned during the past quarter century about the inflammatory processes associated with sepsis (and other related conditions, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury), our understanding is far less developed with respect to the pathophysiological events that lead to organ dysfunction under these conditions. Nevertheless, efforts by both clinical and laboratory scientists are leading to new knowledge in this area. The chapters in this volume provide a state-of-the-art overview of many aspects of the pathophysiology of organ dysfunction in critical illness. |
Contents
Role of Oxidant Signal Transduction | 3 |
A Pore Way to Die | 17 |
The Role of Poly ADPRibose Synthetase Activation | 40 |
Derangements in Cellular Oxygen Metabolism | 52 |
Pharmacologic and Metabolic Mitochondrial Rescue | 69 |
Leukocytes and Cell Signaling Mechanisms in Inflammation | 93 |
Role of Leukocytes in Sepsis and Lung Injury | 95 |
Dysregulated Neutrophil Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Organ Injury in Critical Illness | 110 |
Mechanisms and Functional Significance | 227 |
Multiple Organ Failure and the Kidney | 239 |
Apoptosis in Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury | 253 |
Gastrointestinal Tract | 265 |
Local Muscularis Inflammatory Mechanisms of Ileus | 267 |
Mechanisms Responsible for Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Critical Illness | 282 |
Nitric Oxide Carbon Monoxide and Reactive Oxygen Species | 301 |
Brain Injury | 313 |
Does Apoptosis Play a Role in the Development of SepsisInduced Myocardial Dysfunction? | 124 |
The Intracellular Signaling Pathways of Inflammatory Stress | 137 |
DoubleEdged Swords in the Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infection | 146 |
OrganOrgan Interactions in Multiple Organ Failure | 159 |
Microcirculatory Dysfunction | 173 |
Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Abnormal Tissue Perfusion | 175 |
The Microcirculation in Sepsis | 191 |
Lung and Kidney | 203 |
Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction | 205 |
Clinical and Experimental Evidence for a Major Role in Acute Lung Injury and Multiple Organ Dysfunction | 222 |
Polyamine Oxidase and 3Aminopropanal in the Pathogenesis of Cerebral Ischemia | 315 |
Key Mechanisms of Secondary Neuronal Damage After Brain Trauma | 327 |
Pathophysiology and Neuroprotection | 339 |
Detection and Intervention | 349 |
Redistribution of Microvascular Oxygen Pressures in the Pig Intestine in Hemodilution and Sepsis | 351 |
Influence of Mechanical Ventilation on Organ Dysfunction | 363 |
Coagulation Abnormalities in Critical Illness | 376 |
Clinical Syndrome | 394 |
| 405 | |
Other editions - View all
Mechanisms of Organ Dysfunction in Critical Illness Timothy W. Evans,Mitchell P. Fink Limited preview - 2001 |
Mechanisms of Organ Dysfunction in Critical Illness Timothy W. Evans,Mitchell P. Fink Limited preview - 2012 |
Mechanisms of Organ Dysfunction in Critical Illness Timothy W. Evans,Mitchell P. Fink No preview available - 2011 |
Common terms and phrases
acid actin activation acute renal failure alveolar apoptosis apoptotic bacterial binding Biochem Biol Chem blood flow brain calcium capillary cardiac caspase cell death cellular cerebral ischemia Clin Invest clinical coagulation complex critically ill cytochrome cytokines damage decrease effects elastase endothelial cells endothelium endotoxemia endotoxin enzyme epithelial cells fibrinolysis function gene human hypoxia increased induced inflammation inflammatory response inhibition inhibitor iNOS intestinal intracellular ischemic kidney kinase leukocyte levels liver lung injury macrophages mechanisms mediators membrane metabolic mice microvascular mitochondrial MPTP mucosal muscularis neutrophil nitric oxide synthase organ dysfunction organ failure oxidase oxygen pathway patients perfusion permeability transition peroxynitrite phosphorylation Physiol plasma PO₂ polyamine potential pro-inflammatory production protein proximal tubule pulmonary receptor regulation release reoxygenation reperfusion reperfusion injury Respir Crit respiratory role sepsis septic shock signaling smooth muscle studies substrates syndrome systemic tion tissue tubules tumor necrosis factor uncoupling vascular vitro vivo
Popular passages
Page 373 - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network: Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Page 402 - Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis.
Page 401 - Elevation of systemic oxygen delivery in the treatment of critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 1994:330:1717-22.
Page 401 - Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis.
Page 401 - Prospective trial of supranormal values of survivors as therapeutic goals in high-risk surgical patients.
Page 373 - High inflation pressure pulmonary edema. Respective effects of high airway pressure, high tidal volume, and positive end-expiratory pressure.