(a) Terms defined in 23 U.S.C. 101(a), shall have the same meaning where used in the regulations in this part, except as modified herein.

(b) The following terms where used in the regulations in this part shall have the following meaning:

Administrator. The Federal Highway Administrator.

Advertising policy. The national policy relating to the regulation of outdoor advertising declared in title 23 U.S.C. 131.

Advertising standards. The "National Standards for Regulation by States of Outdoor Advertising Signs, Displays and Devices Adjacent to the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways” promulgated by the Secretary (Part 20 of this chapter).

Federal laws. The provisions of title 23, United States Code, and all other Federal laws, heretofore or hereafter enacted, relating to Federal aid for highways.

Latest available Federal census. The latest available Federal decennial census, except for the establishment of urban areas.

Project. An undertaking by a State highway department for highway construction, including preliminary engineering, acquisition of rights-of-way and actual construction, or for highway planning and research, or for any other work or activity to carry out the provisions of the Federal laws for the administration of Federal aid for high

ways.

Secondary road plan. A plan for administration of Federal aid for highways on the Federal-aid secondary highway system pursuant to 23 U.S.C. 117.

Secretary. The Secretary of Transportation.

State. Any State of the United States, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico.

Urban area. An area including and adjacent to a municipality or other urban place having a population of five thousand or more, as determined by the latest available published official Federal census, decennial or special, within boundaries to be fixed by a State highway

department, subject to the approval of the Administrator.

[25 F.R. 4162, May 11, 1970, as amended at 35 F.R. 18719, Dec. 10, 1970]

§ 1.3 Federal-State cooperation; authority of State highway departments.

The Administrator shall cooperate with the States, through their respective State highway departments, in the construction of Federal-aid highways. Each State highway department, maintained in conformity with 23 U.S.C. 302, shall be authorized, by the laws of the State, to make final decisions for the State in all matters relating to, and to enter into, on behalf of the State, all contracts and agreements for projects and to take such other actions on behalf of the State as may be necessary to comply with the Federal laws and the regulations in this part.

§ 1.4 Cooperation of governmental instrumentalities.

The State highway department shall be responsible for any project to be undertaken with the cooperation of, or with funds provided by, any other governmental instrumentality.

§ 1.5 Information furnished by State highway departments.

At the request of the Administrator the State highway department shall furnish to him such information as the Administrator shall deem desirable in administering the Federal-aid highway program.

§ 1.6 Federal-aid highway systems.

(a) Selection or designation. To insure continuity in the direction of expenditures of available funds, systems of Federal-aid highways are selected or designated by any State that desires to avail itself through its State highway department, of the benefits of Federal aid for highways. Upon approval by the Administrator of the selections or designations by a State highway department, such highways shall become portions of the respective Federal-aid highway systems, and all Federal-aid apportionments shall be expended thereon.

(b) Revisions. A State highway department may propose revisions, including additions, deletions or other changes, in the routes comprising the approved Federal-aid highway systems. Any such revision shall become effective only upon approval thereof by the Administrator

upon a determination that such revision is in the public interest and consistent with Federal laws. There is no predetermined time limit for the submission of the full selection of the systems.

(c) Selection considerations. Each Federal-aid system shall be so selected or designated as to promote the general welfare and the national and civil defense and to become the pattern for a long-range program of highway development to serve the major classes of highway traffic broadly identified as (1) interstate or interregional; (2) city-to-city primary, either interstate or intrastate; (3) rural secondary or farm-to-market; and (4) intraurban. The conservation and development of natural resources, the advancement of economic and social values, and the promotion of desirable land utilization, as well as the existing and potential highway traffic and other pertinent criteria are to be considered when selecting highways to be added to a Federal-aid system or when proposing revisions of a previously approved Federal-aid system.

(d) Identity. The Federal-aid highway systems as now constituted and approved are identified as:

(1) The Interstate System, as described in 23 U.S.C. 103(d), comprised of highways of the highest importance to the nation;

(2) The Federal-aid primary system, as described in 23 U.S.C. 103(b), comprised of important city-to-city, interstate and intrastate highways, serving essentially through traffic; and

(3) The Federal-aid secondary system, as described in 23 U.S.C. 103(c), not to exceed in any State at one time a mileage that can be initially improved within a reasonable period of years and thereafter maintained with income expected to be available.

(e) Integration. The highways of the Federal-aid systems shall form integrated and connected networks in each State and nationwide. The individual routes of Federal-aid systems that cross the boundary line between contiguous States are to connect at the boundary line, and except in unusual cases the identity of the Federal-aid system for any such route shall be the same in the States involved.

§ 1.7 Urban area boundaries.

Boundaries of an urban area shall be submitted by the State highway department and be approved by the Adminis

trator prior to the inclusion in a program of any project wholly or partly in such area involving funds authorized for and limited to urban areas.

§ 1.8 Programs of proposed projects.

Each State highway department shall prepare and submit to the Administrator, for his approval, detailed programs of proposed projects in such form and supported by such information as the Administrator may require. The Administrator shall not authorize any State to proceed with any project, or part thereof, until the program which includes such project has been approved. § 1.9 Limitation on Federal participa

tion. Federal-aid funds shall not participate in any cost which is not incurred in conformity with applicable Federal and State law, the regulations in this part, and policies and procedures prescribed by the Administrator. Federal funds shall not be paid on account of any cost incurred prior to authorization by the Administrator to the State highway department to proceed with the project or part thereof involving such cost. § 1.10

Surveys, plans, specifications and estimates.

(a) Preparation. Surveys, plans, specifications and estimates shall be prepared by or under the immediate direction of the State highway department and shall be of such content and form as prescribed by the Administrator.

(b) Approval. No project or part thereof for actual construction shall be advertised for contract nor work commenced by force account until plans, specifications, and estimates have been submitted to and approved by the Administrator and the State has been so notified.

§ 1.11 Engineering services.

(a) Federal participation. Costs of engineering services performed by the State highway department or any instrumentality or entity referred to in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section may be eligible for Federal participation only to the extent that such costs are directly attributable and properly allocable to specific projects. Expenditures for the establishment, maintenance, general administration, super