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"TITLE II

"SEC. 201. From such sums as are from time to time made available by the Congress to the Administrator for such purpose, pursuant to section 3 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936, as amended, the Administrator is authorized and empowered to make loans to persons now providing or who may hereafter provide telephone service in rural areas and to cooperative, nonprofit, limited dividend, or mutual associations. Except as otherwise provided by this title, such loans shall be made under the same terms and conditions as are provided in section 4 of said Act, for the purpose of financing the improvement, expansion, construction, acquisition, and operation of telephone lines, facilities, or systems to furnish and improve telephone service in rural areas: Provided, however, That the Administrator, in making such loans, shall give preference to persons providing telephone service in rural areas, and to cooperative, nonprofit, limited dividend, or mutual associations: And provided further, That for a period of one year from and after the effective date of this title applications for loans received by the Administrator from persons who on the effective date of this title are engaged in the operation of existing telephone service in rural areas shall be considered and acted upon before action is taken upon any application received from any other person for any loan to finance the furnishing or improvement of telephone service to substantially the same subscribers. The Administrator in making such loans shall, insofar as possible, obtain assurance that the telephone service to be furnished or improved thereby will be made available to the widest practical number of rural users. When it is determined by the Administrator to be necessary in order to furnish or improve telephone service in rural areas, such loans may be made for the improvement, expansion, construction, acquisition, and operation of telephone lines, facilities, or systems without regard to their geographical location. The Administrator is further authorized and empowered to make loans for the purpose of refinancing outstanding indebtedness of persons furnishing telephone service in rural areas: Provided, That such refinancing shall be determined by the Administrator to be necessary in order to furnish and improve telephone service in rural areas: And provided further, That such refinancing shall constitute not more than 40 per centum of any loan made under this title. Loans under this section shall not be made unless the Administrator finds and certifies that in his judgment the security therefor is reasonably adequate and such loan will be repaid within the time agreed, nor shall such loan be made in any State which now has or may hereafter have a State regulatory body having authority to regulate telephone service and to require certificates of convenience and necessity to the applicant unless such certificate from such agency is first obtained. In a State in which there is no such agency or regulatory body legally authorized to issue such certificates to the applicant, no loan shall be made under this section unless the Administrator shall determine (and set forth his reasons therefor in writing) that no duplication of lines, facilities, or systems, providing reasonably adequate services will result therefrom.

"SEC. 202. Nothing contained in this Act shall be construed to deprive any State commission, board, or other agency of jurisdiction, under any State law, now or hereafter effective, to regulate telephone

service which is not subject to regulation by the Federal Communications Commission, under the Communications Act of 1934, including the rates for such service.

"SEC. 203. (a) As used in this title, the term 'telephone service' shall be deemed to mean any communication service whereby voice communication through the use of electricity between the transmitting and receiving apparatus, is the principal intended use thereof, and shall include all telephone lines, facilities, or systems used in the rendition of such service; but shall not be deemed to mean telegraph services or facilities, or radio broadcasting services or facilities within the meaning of section 3 (o) of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended.

"(b) As used in this title, the term 'rural area' shall be deemed to mean any area of the United States not included within the boundaries of any incorporated or unincorporated city, village, or borough having a population in excess of one thousand five hundred inhabitants."

Approved October 28, 1949.

[CHAPTER 214-2D SESSION]

[8. 2811]

AN ACT

To amend section 1462 of title 18 of the United States Code, with respect to the importation or transportation of obscene matters.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That section 1462 of title 18 of the United States Code is hereby amended to read as follows:

"SEC. 1462. Importation or Transportation of Obscene Matters "Whoever brings into the United States, or any place subject to the jurisdiction thereof, or knowingly deposits with any express company or other common carrier, for carriage in interstate or foreign

commerce

"(a) any obscene, lewd, lascivious, or filthy book, pamphlet, picture, motion-picture film, paper, letter, writing, print, or other matter of indecent character; or

"(b) any obscene, lewd, lascivious, or filthy phonograph recording, electrical transcription, or other article or thing capable of producing sound; or

"(c) any drug, medicine, article, or thing designed, adapted, or intended for preventing conception, or producing abortion, or for any indecent or immoral use; or any written or printed card, letter, circular, book, pamphlet, advertisement, or notice of any kind giving information, directly or indirectly, where, how, or of whom, or by what means any of such mentioned articles, matters, or things may be obtained or made; or

"Whoever knowingly takes from such express company or other common carrier any matter or thing the depositing of which for carriage is herein made unlawful

"Shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both."

SEC. 2. The analysis of chapter 71 of such title, immediately preceding section 1461, is amended by striking out the item "1462. Impor tation or transportation of obscene literature.", as set out in such analysis, and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "1462. Importation or transportation of obscene matters."

Approved May 27, 1950.

(439)

[PUBLIC LAW 617-818T CONGRESS]

[CHAPTER 484-2D SESSION]

[8. 441]

AN ACT

To redefine the units and establish the standards of electrical and photometric measurements.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the date this Act is approved, the legal units of electrical and photometric measurement in the United States of America shall be those defined and established as provided in the following sections.

SEO. 2. The unit of electrical resistance shall be the ohm, which is equal to one thousand million units of resistance of the centimetergram-second system of electromagnetic units.

SEO. 3. The unit of electric current shall be the ampere, which is one-tenth of the unit of current of the centimeter-gram-second system of electromagnetic units.

SEC. 4. The unit of electromotive force and of electric potential shall be the volt, which is the electromotive force that, steadily applied to a conductor whose resistance is one ohm, will produce a current of one ampere.

SEC. 5. The unit of electric quantity shall be the coulomb, which is the quantity of electricity transferred by a current of one ampere in one second.

SEC. 6. The unit of electrical capacitance shall be the farad, which is the capacitance of a capacitor that is charged to a potential of one volt by one coulomb of electricity.

SEC. 7. The unit of electrical inductance shall be the henry, which is the inductance in a circuit such that an electromotive force of one volt is induced in the circuit by variation of an inducing current at the rate of one ampere per second.

SEC. 8. The unit of power shall be the watt, which is equal to ten million units of power in the centimeter-gram-second system, and which is the power required to cause an unvarying current of one ampere to flow between points differing in potential by one volt.

SEC. 9. The units of energy shall be (a) the joule, which is equivalent to the energy supplied by a power of one watt operating for one second, and (b) the kilowatt-hour, which is equivalent to the energy supplied by a power of one thousand watts operating for one hour.

SEC. 10. The unit of intensity of light shall be the candle, which is one-sixtieth of the intensity of one square centimeter of a perfect radiator, known as a "black body", when operated at the temperature of freezing platinum.

SEC. 11. The unit of flux of light shall be the lumen, which is the flux in a unit of solid angle from a source of which the intensity is one candle.

=

SEO. 12. It shall be the duty of the Secretary of Commerce to establish the values of the primary electric and photometric units in absolute measure, and the legal values for these units shall be those represented by, or derived from, national reference standards maintained by the Department of Commerce.

SEC. 13. The Act of July 12, 1894 (Public Law Numbered 105, Fiftythird Congress), entitled "An Act to define and establish the units of electrical measure", is hereby repealed.

Approved July 21, 1950.

[PUBLIC LAW 618-81ST CONGRESS]
[CHAPTER 485-2D SESSION]

[S. 2046]

AN ACT

To provide authority for certain functions and activities in the Department of Commerce, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That funds now or hereafter appropriated to the National Bureau of Standards shall be available for the following activities: (a) The purchase, repair, and cleaning of uniforms for guards; (b) the repair and alteration of buildings, and other plant facilities; (c) the rental of laboratory and office space in the District of Columbia and in the field; (d) the purchase of reprints from trade journals or other periodicals of articles prepared officially by Government employees; (e) the furnishing of food and shelter without repayment therefor to employees of the Government at Arctic stations; and (f) in the conduct of observations on radio propagation phenomena in the Arctic region, the appointment of employees at base rates established by the Secretary of Commerce which shall not exceed such maximum rates as may be specified from time to time in the appropriation concerned, and without regard to the civil service and classification laws and titles II and III of the Federal Employees Pay Act of 1945.

SEC. 2. Within the limits of funds which may be appropriated therefor, the Secretary of Commerce is authorized to make improvements to existing buildings, grounds, and other plant facilities, including construction of minor buildings and other facilities of the National Bureau of Standards in the District of Columbia and in the field to house special apparatus or material which must be isolated from other activities: Provided, That no improvement shall be made nor shall any building be constructed under this authority at a cost in excess of $25,000, unless specific provision is made therefor in the appropriation concerned.

Approved July 21, 1950.

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