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1824 sold for $3,950. Reinagle was born in Philadelphia, Pa., about 1790 and died of cholera in New Orleans in May, 1834. He was a well-known scene painter in the early part of the 19th century and did work for the old Park Theatre which stood in the present Park Row opposite the Post Office. His painting of Wall Street was bordered with sketches of the buildings in Wall Street and the Heights of Brooklyn. The original has disappeared, but it was lithographed by Peter Maverick. Some years ago Mr. John D. Appleton sold this print to Mr. George D. Smith for $35. Mr. Smith sold it to Mr. Crimmins for $50. Last November, Mr. Smith bought it back for $3,950. By his courtesy we give a reduced copy of it in plate 3. of it in plate 3. Some time ago Mr. Smith paid $2,925 for a view of the City Hall in Wall street by Tiebout. At a sale of prints of old New York collected by Mr. Percy R. Pyne, 2d., at the American Art Galleries on February 6, 1917, Mr. Max Williams paid $1,725 for a copy of the Tiebout view of the City Hall which had been in the Lossing collection. As other examples of prices commanded for prints of old New York, the following, sold the same evening, may be mentioned:

"View of Broadway from Exchange Alley," lithograph by F. Heppenheimer, colored, no other known; purchased by Robert Fridenberg for $1,550.

"Broadway, West Side, from Fulton to Cortlandt Street," lithograph, by W. Stephenson, colored; purchased by M. Knoedler for $575.

"St. Paul's Church and the Broadway Stages," lithograph, by H. Reinagle, about 1830, colored; purchased by Max Williams for $1,450.

"Broadway from Canal to Grand Street, West Side," lithograph, by J. Bien, 1856, colored, one other copy known; purchased by M. Knoedler for $1,000.

"Ruins of Trinity Church, 1776," lithograph by J. Evers from a sketch by Thomas Barrow, one of the Vestry of the church, no other copy known; purchased by Robert Fridenberg for $550.

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City Hall, 1826," aquatint by I. Hill after W. G. Wall, colored; purchased by Max Williams for $1,350.

"Courtlandt Street, 1856," from Broadway to Greenwich Street, south side, before Church Street was opened, lithograph by F. Heppenheimer; purchased by Robert Fridenberg for $575.

"Fifth Avenue Hotel," lithograph by J. H. Bufford, one other copy known; purchased by Robert Fridenberg for $500.

"Lord & Taylor, Dry Goods," Broadway, corner of Grand Street, 1860, one other copy known; purchased by Robert Fridenberg for $600.

The highest price ever paid for a view of old New York is said to have been something less than $20,000, which was given a few years ago by Mr. Arnold for the "Burgis view" (1717).

CALENDAR DATES IN NEW YORK HISTORY

A Reuter dispatch from Constantinople dated January 30, 1917, announcing that the Turkish Government has decided to adopt the Gregorian calendar instead of the Mohammedan, recalls by suggestion the tardiness of England in adopting the Gregorian system, and the confusion of calendar dates in the history of New York. Although the reformed calendar was promulgated by Gregory in 1582, it was not until 1752 that it was adopted by England. By that time, the discrepancy between the true calendar and the old style of reckoning, which in 1582 amounted to 10 days, had' increased to 11 days, so that September 3, 1752, was changed to September 14.

Meanwhile, the other three European countries which contributed so largely to the making of American history-Spain, France and Holland had adopted the Gregorian system in 1582 and eliminated the surplus ten days. At the time of Hudson's voyage in 1609, therefore, there was a difference of ten days between the English and the Dutch styles of reckoning which must be borne in mind by everyone having to deal with dates in early New York history. It is a curious fact that when Hudson, who was an Englishman, began his famous voyage of 1609 under Dutch auspices, he began his journal or, more strictly speaking, Juet began his journal in the Old Style; but soon after he started, he realized that he was in the employ of a people who used the new style, and adopted the latter. (See pp. 290, 291, 308, 309, our Fifteenth Annual Report, 1910.) After May 5, 1609, Juet's journal is in the New Style.

of

The Dutch dates in the records of New Netherland may therefore generally be accepted as in the New Style, while the English dates prior to September, 1752, were Old Style.

This confusion is increased with the incautious by the further fact that in England, prior to the calendar reform, it had been the practice to begin the year on the Feast of the Annunciation, the 25th of March, so that with dates from January 1 to March 24, inclusive, there was also an apparent difference of a year in the number of the year. Thus George Washington was born

February 22, 1732, New Style,

but

February 11, 1731, Old Style.

Perplexing as this change of dates is to modern students, it appears not to have been an altogether simple matter in the days when the two styles were running side by side. In Appendix D of this Report we give an illustration of an apparent discrepancy of a year in the title page of a pamphlet printed in 1706 and containing a sermon by the first Presbyterian minister in New York City, Rev. Francis Mackemie. If we have occasion to regret the tardiness of the English in adopting the Gregorian calendar, we may be thankful that they were not as slow as the Turks who have adopted it in 1917.

THE OLD COLONNADE OF LAFAYETTE PLACE

In November, 1916, announcement was made that the old house formerly designated as No. 43 Lafayette Place was about to be demolished. The report proved to be unfounded, as the house is being remodeled inside for an apartment house; but it sufficed to attract attention to an interesting landmark. (See plate 16.) Since the opening of a street connecting Lafay ette Place with Elm Street and the renaming of the whole as Lafayette Street, a few years ago, this site has been designated as No. 130 Lafayette Street. It is on the west side of the street, just south of Astor Place and diagonally opposite the vacant building formerly occupied by the Astor Library. The house in question was interesting for the reason, among others, that President John Tyler ate his wedding breakfast in it. From the New York Times of November 5, 1916, we gather the substance of the following paragraphs.

The house is one of twelve in a row called Colonnade Row, from the row of tall marble columns with Corinthian capitals

extending along the entire facade in front of the upper two stories. The block was built in 1838 by Seth Geer, one of the progressive builders of his day, just four years after the Astors had cut Lafayette Place through the renowned Vauxhall Gardens, which for nearly half a century had been one of the great amusement resorts of the city.

John Jacob Astor, the son of William B. Astor and grandson of the original John Jacob, lived in one of the houses, and other prominent residents were Irving Van Wart, a cousin of Washington Irving; Governor Edwin D. Morgan, the civil war Governor of New York State; Franklin H. Delano, and John Milhan, the wealthy druggist. In later years the Gardiner house referred to below was the home of the historian, J. S. C. Abbott.

Mr. Geer gave the name of La Grange Terrace, in honor of Lafayette's country estate in France, to his houses, but the columns which were their distinguishing architectural feature made them more popularly known as the Colonnade Row.

The house at 430 Lafayette Street was owned and occupied for many years when that section was one of the social centres of the city by David Gardiner, a descendant of the old family to whom Gardiner's Island was granted in early Colonial times. David Gardiner was a wealthy merchant and held two or three publie positions of trust in New York City. He was a close friend of President Tyler and while on a visit to Washington with his daughters he was killed by an explosion on the steam frigate Princeton, on February 28, 1844. The Princeton was at the time the latest type of warship designed for the navy, and it was during one of her trial trips down the Potomac that one of her largest guns exploded, killing, besides Mr. Gardiner, two members of Mr. Tyler's cabinet, the Secretary of State, Abel P. Upshur, and the Secretary of Navy, Thomas W. Gilmer. On board were two of Mr. Gardiner's daughters, but they were in the cabin at luncheon with the President and other members of the party when the explosion occurred. Mr. Gardiner's body was removed to the White House and his daughters remained there for several days.

President Tyler, who was a widower, fell in love with Julia Gardiner. She was then 24 years of age and he was 54 years. They were married a few months later in New York City at the

Church of the Ascension on lower Fifth Avenue, and after the wedding the party went to the Gardiner residence at 43 Lafayette Place (430 Lafayette Street). The reception there was a small one, owing to the recent death of the bride's father, but it was large enough to include most of the mercantile and social celebrities of the town.

The four houses now standing present a continuous front of 108 feet, there being four lots of 27 feet each. Their old numbers from south to north were 41, 43, 45 and 47 Lafayette Place. Their present numbers respectively are 428, 430, 432 and 434 Lafayette street.

THE OLD HORN HOUSE ON BROADWAY

DEMOLISHED

In January, 1917, it was announced that the old Horn house, standing on the west side of Broadway, New York City, between 50th and 51st streets, at No. 1641 Broadway, was about to be removed. Concerning this house, Mr. Hopper Striker Mott supplies the following information.

The house was built by John Horn, Jr., the son of John Horn who owned the farm on which the Flatiron Building now stands and where the famous Fifth Avenue Hotel remained until a late day. That portion of the Hopper farm on which he built his home fell to him by right of his wife, Jacomijintje (Jemima), under the will of her father, John Hopper, the elder, in 1779. The house stood just south of present Fifty-first street, on the south side of Hopper's Lane, the only way from the Bloomingdale Road to the Hudson River before the streets in that neighborhood were opened. The line of the lane was indicated by a large elm tree which shaded the house until a few years past, when it was removed in order to construct a one-story "taxpayer" on the bed of the lane on the southwest corner of Fifty-first Street and Broadway.

John Hopper, the elder, was born in the family homestead, erected 1714, on the north side of the lane, some two hundred feet west of present Broadway, just west of the Albany apartment house, and it was because of its proximity that the saloon which later occupied the Horn house took the name of "The Old Homestead."

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