Metaphor WarsThe study of metaphor is now firmly established as a central topic within cognitive science and the humanities. We marvel at the creative dexterity of gifted speakers and writers for their special talents in both thinking about certain ideas in new ways, and communicating these thoughts in vivid, poetic forms. Yet metaphors may not only be special communicative devices, but a fundamental part of everyday cognition in the form of 'conceptual metaphors'. An enormous body of empirical evidence from cognitive linguistics and related disciplines has emerged detailing how conceptual metaphors underlie significant aspects of language, thought, cultural and expressive action. Despite its influence and popularity, there have been major criticisms of conceptual metaphor. This book offers an evaluation of the arguments and empirical evidence for and against conceptual metaphors, much of which scholars on both sides of the wars fail to properly acknowledge. |
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activation analysis anger argued argument aspects bodily experiences cognitive linguistic cognitive science complex conceptual blending conceptual meta Contact Improvisation context conventional expressions conventional metaphors corpus linguistic critics of CMT cross-domain mappings cultural debates different conceptual metaphors embodied metaphors emerge empirical evidence example experimental express metaphorical meaning George Lakoff gestures Gibbs Glucksberg human Ibid ical identifying metaphor idioms image schemas inferences instance interaction interpretation Kövecses lexical literal marriage Metaphor and Symbol metaphor identification metaphor in language metaphor scholars metaphor theory metaphor understanding metaphorical concepts metaphorical expressions metaphorical idea metaphorical language metaphorical thought metaphors e.g. metaphors in discourse metonymy MIPVU motion motivated moving neural non-metaphorical novel metaphors participants people’s phorical phors phrases physical polysemy primary metaphor processes psycholinguistic psychological referring reflect relevant seen simply social source domain spatial speakers specific statements Steen structure studies suggest synthetic biology talk target domain tual metaphors verbal metaphors