years of age. The Commissioner of Education is also authorized to make appointments to this institution.

County Must Supply Clothing. If a parent or guardian of a State pupil in any of the institutions for the deaf and dumb is unable to furnish such pupil clothing, the board of supervisors of the county from which such pupil was appointed must raise each year for each of such pupils the sum of $30 for supplying clothing to such pupils.

Payment for Aid to Blind Pupils Attending College. The trustees of any college, university, technical or professional school located in this State, authorized to confer degrees except an institution for the instruction of the blind, may designate blind students in attendance upon such institutions who are residents of this State as fit persons to receive special aid in doing the work required in such institution. Persons may be employed to read to such blind students from the textbooks or pamphlets used by such students in their studies at a compensation of $300 per year.

The treasurer of any of such institutions after the beginning of a school year may present to the State Comptroller a verified statement showing the number of blind students regularly matriculated and working for a degree. No other student can be included. The Comptroller will issue his warrant and thereon the State Treasurer will pay to the treasurer of such institution the amount to which the institution is entitled. The trustees of the institution will then disburse the moneys for the purposes aforesaid.

Instruction for Blind Babies, etc.- The Commissioner of Education may in his discretion appoint children twelve years of age and under as State pupils in one of the homes for blind babies and children maintained by the International Sunshine Society, Brooklyn Home for Blind, Crippled and Defective Children and the Catholic Institute for the Blind. When these children are thus appointed to one of these homes the home receiving them is entitled to the same compensation that other institutions receive which may accept State blind pupils.

REVIEW QUESTIONS

Who is required to make an enumeration of mentally retarded children? What children must be included? When must special classes be established? How many? What type of instruction must be provided? When may a board of education provide for the instruction of such children by contract?

Who is authorized to prescribe regulations governing the subject? What aid is given by the State?

Who is required to make an enumeration of physically defective children? What children must be included? What instruction must be provided? What is the interpretation of this law? When may classes be maintained by contract for these children? What power has the Commissioner of Education in such matter? What State aid is provided?

How are the schools of the incorporated orphan asylum societies related to the public school system? To what public money are they entitled? What report must be filed with the Education Department? What is the duty of the Commissioner of Education in relation to Indian schools? When may he cause school buildings to be erected on Indian reservations? What cooperation of the Indians should he enlist? What protection to title should be given to Indians when their land is used for school purposes? What right should be reserved to the State? What amount is annually appropriated for this purpose? How is this money paid? What is done with the vouchers and receipts? What reports must be made in relation to Indian reservations?

What jurisdiction has the Commissioner of Education over deaf and dumb and blind institutions? What knowledge of the work of these institutions should he possess? What report in relation to these institutions must be made? Who are eligible to appointment as State deaf and dumb pupils? Who are eligible to appointment as State pupils to blind institutions? By whom are these appointments made? In making these appointments what conditions may the Commissioner of Education impose? How are these State pupils supported? To whom are bills for these expenses presented? In what form? By whom are they paid? What is the regular period of instruction? What extension may be granted? Who adopts the regulations for admission of these pupils? What institution was authorized by the Legislature of 1897 to receive deaf and dumb pupils for instruction? When must a county provide pupils with clothing? Explain the conditions under which payments will be made by the State to assist blind pupils in attendance upon college.

CHAPTER XXV

SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES

[See Article 44]

Apportionment of Library Moneys.- On account of the unification act it became desirable to unite the library funds which had heretofore been distributed by the two former educational departments. The Legislature, therefore, now makes but one appropriation for school libraries. This appropriation is for an amount equal to that given the two old departments and the method of distribution is such that a school may draw from this fund as much money as it was allowed heretofore from both funds. The method of this apportionment will be found in the article which treats of school moneys. The method of distributing the money is as follows:

An apportionment is made on or about the first of each month based on the applications received during the previous month. This apportionment is certified to the Comptroller.

The State Treasurer upon the warrant of the Comptroller pays to each county treasurer, excepting in the counties comprising the city of New York, an amount equal to that apportioned to all of the schools in his county.

The Commissioner of Education then certifies to the county treasurer the schools to which money is due and the amount due to each. Upon receipt of this certificate from the Commissioner of Education the county treasurer pays the allotment to each of the schools entitled to receive the same.

In the city of New York all money due the city is paid to the city chamberlain and all money due to private academies is paid directly to the treasurer of the academy.

Commissioner of Education Has General Supervision.- The Commissioner of Education has power to establish, modify, or abolish any regulation for the expenditure of school library money and the administration and care of school libraries. All provisions. of law and rules of the Commissioner of Education for the management of district libraries shall apply to the management of school libraries until modified as directed by law.

Expenditure of Library Money.- No part of the library money of a district either that raised by the district, apportioned from State funds, or received from any other source I shall be used for any other purpose than for the purchase of books, apparatus, or reproductions of standard works of art, and such books must be approved by the Commissioner of Education before being purchased. Commissioner May Withhold Money.- The Commissioner of Education may withhold from any city or district its share of public school moneys, for expending library money for any other purpose. than the purchase of approved books, or for any other willful neglect or violation of law or of the regulations which the Commissioner has adopted.

Librarian. The board of education of a union free-school district and also the board of trustees of a common-school district shall appoint as librarian one of the teachers in the employ of their district. Such librarian and trustees or board of education, as the case may be, shall be responsible for the safekeeping and care of the books in the library of their district. They shall annually, and oftener if called upon, make a report as the Commissioner of Education shall direct concerning such library. If a board of education in a union free-school district fails to select a librarian, the teacher of English in such school becomes the librarian. If such district employs a librarian meeting the qualifications prescribed by the Commissioner of Education, the district is entitled to receive an additional teacher's quota from the State. If a librarian is not appointed in a district which is not a union free-school district, the principal teacher becomes the librarian.

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Use of School Library. A school library is not intended to be a circulating library. It must be kept in the school building at all times and it forms a part of the school equipment. Pupils, school officers, teachers and other residents of the district, however, may, when the rules of the Commissioner of Education permit, borrow any book in said library not needed for reference in the schoolrooms. Such persons may not borrow more than one book at a time nor keep such book more than two weeks.

Books of Which Library Shall Consist.- School libraries shall consist of reference books to be used in the school-room, suitable supplementary reading-books for pupils, books relating to the branches of study being pursued in the school, and pedagogic books for the assistance of teachers. The Commissioner of Education

will not approve a list including several copies of a textbook upon any subject for the use of pupils. This would really be furnishing free textbooks, which is not permissible.

Books May be Transferred to Free Library. The books or library property of any city or union free-school district may be transferred by the board of education of such city or union freeschool district to any township or other free public library under State supervision, upon condition that such library shall remain free to the people of such city or district. Such city or district may also aid by tax or in any other way in the establishment of such free public library. The same action may be taken by any common-school district in the State when a majority of the legal voters present and voting at any meeting, duly convened, shall so direct.

Release of School Authorities. The approval of such transfer should be obtained from the Regents under their seal, and a receipt of such transfer should be taken from the officers of the free public library to whom the transfer is made. Such approval and such receipt shall thereafter relieve the school authorities of such districts or cities from further responsibility for said library and property transferred.

REVIEW QUESTIONS

How is library money now apportioned? By whom? On what basis? When? How does the money reach the county treasurer? The school districts?

For what purpose must library money be expended? What books may be purchased? What is the penalty for expending library money for other purposes than for books approved by the Commissioner of Education? What for failing or refusing to comply with the regulations of the Commissioner of Education? By whom is the librarian of a union free school appointed? Of a common school? Who must be selected librarian in either case? Who is responsible for the care and safe-keeping of a library? What reports must be made to the Commissioner of Education?

May a school library be used as a circulating library? Where must the library be kept? Who may borrow books from such library? When? For what period? How many books at one time? Of what books must such library consist? May duplicate textbooks be purchased for pupils? Why? To whom may the library of a city or a union free-school district be transferred? Upon what conditions must such transfer be made? By whom is such transfer made? When may a common-school district make such transfer? What aid may a city or a school district give to the establishment of this project? What approvals to such transfers should be obtained? What receipt? What is the effect of such approval and such receipt?