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The concept of bargain transportation__.
Chapter 2. The national transportation policy.
Chapter 3. National survival__
The present situation__--
1. The system__.
2. Government activities..
3. The carriers----
Recommendations___
Part II-Transportation trends_.
Chapter 1. Introduction: Is the United States headed for another
major transportation crisis?___
Chapter 2. Relative decline of common carriers.
Chapter 3. Requirements for capital investment..
Table I. Comparison of total intercity traffic by carrier type with
intercity traffic by federally regulated carriers__.
Table II. Trends in net working capital-Class I railways
(years 1940, 1946–59).
Table III. Rate of return on net investment....
Chart I. Class I railroads, operating ratios-Percentage relation-
ship of expenses to gross revenues, 1946-59-.
Table IV. Trends in car supply-freight_--
Table V. Trends in gross expenditures in actual and constant
dollars__
Chart II. Trends in gross capital expenditures in actual and con-
stant dollars, 1946-59_.
Chart III. Railroad capital factors, 1946-59-
Chapter 4. Decline of railroad traffic and revenue_
A. Relative decline of traffic___
Table VI. Relative position of railroads in intercity freight
traffic, 1946–59___
Chart IX. Relative position of railroads in intercity freight
traffic, 1946-59--
Table VII. Relative position of railroads in intercity pas-
senger traffic, 1946–59_.
Chart V. Relative position of railroads in intercity passen- ger traffic, 1946-59--
B. Absolute decline of traffic and revenue..
1. Passenger traffic-long-run trends_
8. Freight traffic-long-run trends____
Table VIII. Trends in freight traffic__
Chart VI. Trends in freight traffic, 1940 and
1946-59
Table IX. Trends in net income__
Chart VII. Trends in net income, 1940 and 1946-59_
Part II-Transportation trends-Continued
Chapter 5. Causes of decline of common carrier's position.
1. Technological developments___
2. Trends in patterns of commerce.
3. Growth of nonregulated carriage_
4. Increasing public investment in transportation facilities..
Table X. Annual magnitude of three major Federal promo-
tional programs for transportation, 1946-59, represent-
ing Federal highway authorizations, Federal aviation
obligations, and rivers-and-harbors appropriations-----
Chart VIII. Annual magnitude of three major Federal pro- motional programs for transportation, 1940-60, repre- senting Federal highway authorizations, Federal avia- tion obligations, and rivers-and-harbors appropriations__
5. Inequitable and destructive regulation of common carriers___
6. Management
Chapter 6. Some economic results of decline of common carriers__.
1. Increased social investment in transportation service-----
2. Growing overcapacity and underutilization of U.S. transporta-
tion plant..
Table XI. Locomotive capacity, 1926–58.
Table XII. Total freightcar capacity, 1926-58---.
Table XIII. Trunk and local service air passenger capac-
ity and utilization___
Table XIV. Revenue and available ton-miles U.S. domes-
tic intercity air carriers___
3. Declining net income----
4. Undermaintenance and reduced service capacity.
5. Reduction of service_‒‒‒
6. Higher financing costs‒‒‒‒‒
Table XV. Operating ratios of class I motor carriers,
1946-59-
Table XVI. Railroad operating expenses, 1946-59_.
Chart IX. Railroad operating expenses, class I and II,
Table XVII. Age of freight carrying cars used in inter-
change service, 1946–59, owned or leased by class I rail-
roads_.
79
Table XVIII. Trends in ratio of debt capital to total
capital, 1946–59__.
7. Higher transportation costs..
8. The growing competitive struggle.
Chapter 7. Trends projected to 1975_.
Chart X. Freight traffic of regulated and unregulated intercity car-
riers projected to 1975 compared to railroad traffic---
Exhibit A. ICC-regulated versus non-ICC intercity freight__.
Chart XI. Anticipated annual expenditures for public investment
in transportation facilities, 1961-75---
80
84
Chart XII. Total Government expenditures for transportation,
railroad capital expenditures, and gross national product, 1946-
59 projected to 1975__.
87
Chart XIII. Total private investment in transportation, 1946-58
cumulative)
88
Chart XIV. Total investment in transportation facilities, 1946-58
projected to 1975, by modes (cumulative).
89
Chart XV. Comparison of trends in social investments and ton-
miles, 1946-58 projected to 1975---
91
Conclusions‒‒‒‒
92
Part III-Organization of Government for transportation_
Chapter 1. Introduction___
Criticisms of present organization.
Past proposals for remedial action__.
Types of organization_-_-
Structure of organization---
Chapter 2. Organization of the Congress_
Chapter 3. Organization for economic regulation_.
Jurisdiction___
Composition....
Basic procedures..
Staff organization___.
Chapter 4. Organization of the executive branch____
Chapter 5. Organization of judicial enforcement and review_--
Judicial enforcement__
Judicial review__
Composition of transportation court of appeals..
Part IV. Organization of transportation law.......
Chapter 1. Governing concepts---
Chapter 2. Inconsistencies__.
A. Inconsistencies in the national transportation policy----
B. Inconsistencies in the execution of the law__.
C. Inconsistencies in the substantive law of transportation___.
1. Exemption from regulation___
2. Regulation of interagency ownership and control.
3. Commodities owned by the carrier..
4. Reparations and penalties_-_-
5. Long- and short-haul clause----
6. Through routes and rates applicable thereto..
7. Reduced rates for the U.S. Government__
8. Sundry other differences in the law applicable un-
equally to the various modes or types of transporta-
tion_.
Chapter 3. Reconstruction of transportation law.
Part V-Specified items of Senate Resolution 244_.
Chapter 1. Regulation of transportation____
1. The need of regulation----
2. The type and character of regulation.
3. Control of entry--.
4. Inadequate regulation-----
5. Regulation of intermodal competition__
6. Regulation of intermodal coordination.
Chapter 2. Government assistance and user charges.
A. Federal aids to transportation_
1. Introduction___
2. The early period..
3. The modern period--.
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Part V-Specified items of Senate Resolution 244-Continued
Chapter 2. Government assistance and user charges Continued
A. Federal aids to transportation-Continued
5. Problem areas-Continued
Table V-B. Tennessee Valley Authority__.
Table V-C. U.S. Coast Guard___.
Table V-D. Coast and Geodetic Survey_.
Table VI. Mileage of commercial waterway system
according to depth range---
176
177
178
Table VII. Summary of U.S. flag passenger and
1. Definition and possible application of user charges___
(a) Federal programs..
184
185
2. State highway user taxes_.
(a) Major structures_
3. Federal linkage of tax revenues and Federal-aid high-
ways expenditures_.
Table XIV. Projection of Federal avi-
ation expenditures deemed subject to
recivery through user charges (1961-
75).
5. Waterways as free highways: A concept of early
American development----
196
197
6. Tolls continued on non-Federal improvements when
acquired by Federal Government..
7. Tolls permitted on State waterway improvements_-_
8. Statutory exceptions to toll-free policy on waterways_
9. Official groups recommend waterway user charges___
10. Different points of view concerning user charges_.
11. Basic features of waterway user charges---
12. A recommended program for waterway user charges__
13. Treatment of recreational waterway users..
14. Coordination of user charge programs_
Exhibit A. (Bridge clearances)
Exhibit B. (Bridge clearances)
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212
Chapter 3. Ownership of one mode of transportation by another_
213
1. The role which each mode should play in the transportation
industry.
214
2. The pros and cons of intermode ownership and transportation
companies.
Chapter 4. Consolidations and mergers_
A. Introduction: The problem today-
B. Railroad consolidation before 1920_
1. Periods prior to 1904-
2. Period, 1904-20---
C. National consolidation policy, 1920 to date---
D. Advantages of general consolidation___
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231
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233
242
1. Obstacles and objections to railroad consolidations in
turn___.
249
(a) The railroads had ceased to be a growth
industry-
(b) The impracticability of the legislative policy
1920-40--
250
2. Review of action on principal proposals, 1920 to date---
(a) Chesapeake & Ohio-Pere Marquette Merger
(138 I.C.C. 517) (1928).
252
253
(g) Erie-Lackawanna Merger (F.D. 20707) (1960) –
(h) Merger of Chicago, Northwestern With Min-
neapolis & St. Louis (F.D. 21115 (1960))
3. Lack of adequate incentive_-_-
4. Opposition of labor----
5. Negotiation difficulties (other than labor).
6. Opposition of other carriers__
7. Opposition of local interests.
8. Inequality-Reduction of competition__
9. Discounting of economic claims.
G. Plans for general consolidation_.
1. The Prince plan-----
Conclusions and recommendations___
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