The Black Death: Natural and Human Disaster in Medieval EuropeRobert S. Gottfried is Professor of History and Director of Medieval Studies at Rutgers University. Among his other books is "Epidemic Disease in Fifteenth Century England." |
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Page 21
... Netherlands , and northern Germany . Old trade routes were redoubled and new ones were created . Goods from Asia and the Middle East were carried by Italian merchants to markets all across Europe . A mercantile and in- dustrial group ...
... Netherlands , and northern Germany . Old trade routes were redoubled and new ones were created . Goods from Asia and the Middle East were carried by Italian merchants to markets all across Europe . A mercantile and in- dustrial group ...
Page 133
... Netherlands , there were epi- demics in 1360-62 , 1363-64 , 1368-69 , 1371-72 , 1382-84 , 1400-01 , 1409 , 1420-21 , 1438-39 , 1450-54 , 1456-59 , 1466-72 , 1481-82 , 1487-90 , and 1492-94.12 Normandy had plague cycles approximately as ...
... Netherlands , there were epi- demics in 1360-62 , 1363-64 , 1368-69 , 1371-72 , 1382-84 , 1400-01 , 1409 , 1420-21 , 1438-39 , 1450-54 , 1456-59 , 1466-72 , 1481-82 , 1487-90 , and 1492-94.12 Normandy had plague cycles approximately as ...
Page 137
... Netherlands , and 1500 in much of central Europe , serfdom and custom holding had been replaced by a new form of tenure called copyhold . In copyhold , so named because both the peasant and the lord had a copy of the tenure agreement ...
... Netherlands , and 1500 in much of central Europe , serfdom and custom holding had been replaced by a new form of tenure called copyhold . In copyhold , so named because both the peasant and the lord had a copy of the tenure agreement ...
Contents
A Natural History of Plague | 1 |
The European Environment 10501347 | 16 |
The Plagues Beginnings | 33 |
Copyright | |
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areas Asia began Black Death brought bubonic plague Cambridge University Press caused changes Christian chronicler church claimed clergy crisis Cuxham demic depopulation died doctors early fourteenth century eastern economic effect England English Europe's European example famine fifteenth century flagellants fleas Florence France Georges Duby Germany Giovanni Villani Guy de Chauliac History human important infected Italian Italy Jean de Venette John Justinian's Plague killed labor land late medieval Late Middle Ages London lords Manor manorial McNeill Medicine Medieval Mediterranean Basin merchants Middle East Netherlands North northern Oxford pandemic Paris peasants perished pestis physicians plague epidemics plague mortality plague's pneumonic plague popular population postplague preplague Princeton University Press public health rodent role rural second plague pandemic sick Siena sixteenth smallpox social Society southern spread studies surgeons teenth century theory thirteenth century Thrupp tion town trade twelfth century urban Venice victims villages West Western William McNeill York