is carried over the rest or guide B, and between the pressing rollers C and D, thence round the stud E, and back under the roller D, passing again between the pressing rollers C and D, and over the upper surface of the roller C. From this point it is carried forward over the rollers F, G and H, till it arrives at the horizontal position, where it is traversed in the direction of the arrow through the ravel H', suspended from above, so as to yield to any impediment which may arise in the warp, and forward, between the stiffening rollers I I, whence it proceeds under the brushes K, and is taken up on the warping beam of the loom, as in the ordinary dressing machine. M, is the driving pulley, and motion is imparted to the various parts in the common way. Now it is well known to weavers and persons conversant with the preparation of warps for the loom, that the adhesion of various threads of sized warp, would cause great difficulty in passing it through this machine with any degree of regularity. To obviate this difficulty and separate every thread, two rods LL, are passed through the openings of the lease which has been secured at the warping machine, as best seen at Fig. 1. These rods LL, are attached to the shaft or rod M', (see Fig. 2,) through which they receive an alternating motion from the arm N, which is vibrated by the connecting rod O, driven from an eccentric on the face-plate P, as seen in Fig. 1, where the varying position of the rods L, will be seen dividing the threads or ends of the warp in its progress towards the rollers I I. In Fig. 4, the process of opening or separating each thread of the warp is effected by means of the two blades Q Q, which move on centres at their respective extremities, and are vibrated by the arms NN, as in Figs. 1 and 3. The warp in a sized state, being placed on the beam R (Fig. 3) in the ordinary manner, practised with sized warps and held back by the friction strap and weight R' and R2, which gives off the warp at a proper tension as the dressing proceeds. The vibrations of the rods LL (Figs. 1 and 2) and the blades Q Q (Fig. 4) in these machines depend on the revolution of the eccentric P (Fig. 4,) which may be driven at a speed of 210 revolutions per minute; but the speed may be varied according to the nature of the work in the machine. Fig. 5, represents an elevation; Fig. 6, a plan; and Fig. 7, a side view of a machine for forming the warp on a beam previous to the sizing process. In this machine, S (Figs. 5 and 6) represents a cone drum, which is driven by means of a strap, the velocity varying according to the diameter on which the strap is placed. On the extremity of the shaft on which the cone S is fixed, is attached a spur-wheel T (Figs. 5 and 6,) which drives the spur-wheel U, fixed on the end of the shaft V, carrying a succession of small beams W, divided by the flanges. On to these beams W, the warp is received from the heck X, as seen at Fig. 5, and regularly distributed by means of a small ravel X', which is traversed by a Worm and worm-wheel, as shown in Fig. 6, and in side view at Fig. 7, where the direction of the yarn will be seen passing over the guide roller X2, and under the roller X3, and thence to the beam W (Fig. 7,) at the same time that it is compressed into a hard state by the cylinder Y, which acts as a pressing roller during the operation. This pressing roller Y, along with the arms in which it is supported, move freely on the rod Z Z (Figs. 5 and 6.) so that as soon as the first small beam W, is full, the operator raises the presser Y, and passes it forward to the next, and so on till the whole series of beams W, are filled and equally pressed, at the same time securing a lease in the yarn of each beam, as already alluded to, for the action of the rods LL, or Q Q, in the dressing machine. It will be also remarked that the heck X, is moved in the frame in which it is supported, so as at all times to correspond with the position of the presser Y, when placed on any of the various beams W, in the process of filling. Returning to the cone shaft which carries the wheel T, will be seen a small worm a, driving a worm-wheel on the upright shaft b (Fig. 5,) which is also provided with a worm driving a worm-wheel on the horizontal recording shaft c. This shaft c, carries two circular discs d and e, the position of which will be seen in Fig. 6. The disc d, is provided with a small lever which rests upon it during the winding process of the cone S, and the speed of the disc d, is so calculated as to make one revolution during the winding on, or filling one of the beams W, with warp, but when that is effected a notch or gap in the disc d, allows the lever f, to fall by means of the weight f' (Fig. 5) which tightening a strapbreak on the pulley g, placed on the cone shaft, arrests the revolution, and thereby distributes an equal quantity of warp on the various beams W, as they are filled in succession. The disc e, is provided with a series of notches or gaps, and supports a lever h, which acts on the marking rod i, by means of a spring o, placed on the perpendicular rod by which the weight m, is supported (see Fig. 6.) The extremity of the opposite arm of the rod i, passes under the edge of the warp, and is provided with fibrous material, saturated with marking ink which marks the warp every time the lever h, is allowed to fall into one of the notches in the disc e /see Fig. 5,) into which it is forced by the weight m, at the same time the marking rod i, having made the mark, is replaced in its former position on a stud or rest, by the action of a spiral spring o (Fig. 5,) the mark on the warp, indicating a uniform and equal amount of warp placed on the beam W. The distance of the notches on the disc e (Fig. 5,) are calculated to compensate for the increasing diameter of the warp on the beam W, during the filling process. The varying taking up of the warp on to these beams W, according to their increased circumference, is compensated for by traversing the driving strap to a larger diameter of the cone S (Figs. 5 and 6,) and the velocity must depend on the nature of the work and the judgment of the operator. By tracing the action of this warping machine, it will be obvious that the beams W, may be multiplied to any convenient extent, and consequently the length of the warp, which necessarily effects a great saving in joining or twisting in, as practised in the ordinary warp. In Fig. 6, it will easily be perceived, that motion is transferred from the cone drum S, to the yarn beams W, by the spur wheels T and U. The notched disc e, is left out in the plan view (Fig. 6,) to avoid confusion, and more clearly to show the levers e' and d, weight m, and marker i. Should the marking apparatus shown in Figs. 5 and 6, be considered too complicated, one of those in common use may be easily substituted in stead. We now pass on to describe Messrs. Hornby and Kennyworthy's machine for sizing and preparing warps for the loom; which, from its neatness, the regularity of its motions and the work which it is capable of performing, is well worthy our attention in this place. The improvements in this machine, consist in a novel and particular arrangement of mechanism for sizing and preparing warps from "beam or machine warping." The principal feature of novelty and improvement in Messrs. H. and K's. method of sizing or dressing warps, consists in a peculiar mode of distributing or laying out of the threads, so that they shall be dressed or sized in parallel strips or breadths, laid in even and close contact, side by side, and usually termed "beers or half beers" in the ordinary warping mill. (See common warping mill, Section First.) This new method of dividing and laying out the warp threads into strips, bands, or beers and half beers, during the process of sizing and preparing them for the loom, possesses many advantages, which will be evident to persons conversant with the ordinary modes of conducting such operations. As the threads are divided into certain numbers, forming a beer or half beer, and in that |