4 Used in wharf construction.

LAKE TRAFFIC MOVEMENTS

The water-borne commerce of the port of Sandusky has been discussed in detail in the previous chapter of this report and tables have been presented showing the principal commodities and their tonnages for each year of the period 1929-38. In this chapter the discussion is continued to show the Great Lakes ports from which Sandusky receives traffic and those to which its shipments are consigned. This study covers the calendar year 1938, while the previous edition of this report contained a similar study covering the calendar year 1930. No attempt has been made to trace the origin of the traffic received at Sandusky by rail nor the destination of the rail shipments from the port, since such data are not available to this office and it was considered inadvisable at this time to request the rail carriers to undertake the work and expense incident to such a special compilation. The 1937 edition of the report entitled "Transportation on the Great Lakes," which is No. 1 of the Transportation Series of reports issued by the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, contained a study of the movement of coal (which comprises the major portion of the traffic at Sandusky) from mines to Lake Erie shipping ports, from shipping ports to receiving ports, and from receiving ports to interior points of consumption for the calendar year 1935.

The total water-borne commerce at Sandusky during 1938 amounted to 7,906,609 short tons. Receipts totaled 545,128 short tons and consisted of 448,470 tons imported from Canada, 20,288 tons received lakewise, and 73,350 tons of sand and 3,020 tons of fish taken from Lake Erie in the vicinity of the port. Shipments totaled 7,251,550 short tons and consisted of 701,756 tons exported to Canada and 6,549,794 tons shipped to other United States Great Lakes ports. Included in the shipments were 162,097 tons of bunker coal and 394 tons of bunker oil. In addition to the receipts and shipments shown above there were 109,931 tons of traffic which moved locally within the area of the port and is not included in the following tables or flow charts.

ORIGIN OF RECEIPTS

As stated in the preceding paragraph, lake receipts at Sandusky in 1938 totaled 545,128 short tons. This figure is unusually high, however, due to the heavy tonnages of sand received in that year, there having been 447,066 tons taken from Canadian waters and 73,350

tons from Lake Erie within the boundary of the United States. The latter tonnage is included with the statistics of local traffic in the preceding chapter and was all utilized, as was 434,203 tons of the imported sand, in the construction of the new coal wharf of the Pennsylvania Railroad.

The following table shows the other commodities received at Sandusky and the tonnages shipped by each port contributing to the flow of traffic to Sandusky. It should be noted that of the 3,657 tons of fish received during the year, 3,020 tons were local receipts from Lake Erie, and that 203 tons were imported from and 434 tons received lakewise from Lake Erie Islands.

Origin of lake receipts at Sandusky during the calendar year 1938
[Quantities expressed in short tons]

As stated at the beginning of this chapter, lakewise shipments from Sandusky aggregated 7,251,550 tons during the calendar year 1938. Excluding the 162,097 tons of bunker coal and the 394 tons of bunker oil loaded on vessels for fuel at Sandusky during the year, we find that the vessel traffic totaled 7,089,059 tons, 6,962,398 tons of which consisted of bituminous coal and 6,480 tons of anthracite. The remaining traffic consisted of stone and miscellaneous traffic which went to ports on Lake Erie, with the exception of 830 tons of stone which was shipped to Detroit.

Ports on Lake Michigan received 3,494,441 tons of bituminous coal and 6,244 tons of anthracite from Sandusky during the year, making a total of 3,500,685 tons of traffic from Sandusky. Milwaukee received all of the anthracite and 1,347,330 tons of the bituminous coal. Gary, Ind., received 487,605 tons of bituminous coal; Calumet Harbor, Ill., received 355,079 tons; Michigan City, Ind., 219,082 tons; Waukegan, Ill., 173,334 tons; Sheboygan, Wis., 162,065 tons; and the remainder was distributed among 12 other Lake Michigan ports in quantities ranging from 86,389 tons down to 3,933 tons.