Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard Death CampsBetween the years 1942 and 1943, under the code name Operation Reinhard, more than one and a half million Jews were gassed in the concentration camps of Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka, located in Nazi-occupied Poland. Jewish survivors of the operation numbered fewer than 200. Yitzhak Arad reveals here the complete story of Operation Reinhard for the first time. Using sources previously overlooked, such as German and Polish official records and testimonies from Nazi war criminal trials, Arad records the history of the Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka death camps from their construction in 1941 to their destruction in 1943. He describes the camps' physical layouts, the process of extermination used, and the actions of the SS men and Ukrainian guards who operated the camps. Arad tells the tale of the death camps' inmates -- though many of their lives lasted but a few hours following their arrival --he underground organizations, the revolts and escapes, and the details concerning the day-to-day survival of those spared instant death in the gas chambers. Arad's work retrieves the experience of Operation Reinhard's victims and survivors from obscurity and bears eloquent witness to the tragedy which was theirs. Biographical Statement: Yitzhak Arad, Chairman of Yad Vashem, Holocaust Remembrance Authority, is a lecturer in Jewish History at the University of Tel Aviv and author of Ghetto in Flames: Story of the Vilna Ghetto. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
PART ONE THE EXTERMINATION MACHINE | 5 |
From Shooting to Gas | 7 |
Copyright | |
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Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard Death Camps Yitzhak Arad No preview available - 1999 |
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According action activity additional already arrived asked August authorities barrack became began beginning Belzec bodies brought building carried charge close clothing commander continued corpses cremation death camps decided deportation described direction district entire escape extermination area fences fire forced Franz freight cars gas chambers German ghetto Globocnik going gold Government guards hand happened head hereafter included inside Italy Jewish prisoners Jews killed labor later liquidation living Lower Lublin March mass meters months morning murdered Nazi night November October opened Operation Reinhard Organizing Pechersky pits Police Polish prepared railway reached received remained removed returned roll call sent September served shooting shot Sobibor sorting square SS men station taken testified testimony told took train transferred transports Treblinka Ukrainians Underground uprising victims Warsaw Wirth women workers