reading Cotton's valuable Vocabulary, the following curious distinction, in the use of these two different numerals, attracted my notice : "Nequt, a thing that is past. I lost no time in communicating this distinction of Cotton's to Mr. Du Ponceau, with a wish that he would ascertain from Mr. Heckewelder, whether any thing of the kind was to be found in the Delaware language. This circumstance gave rise to the following interesting observations on the Delaware numerals: "The Delawares (says Mr. H. in his first letter) have the fol-' lowing words for one, viz: n'gutti, máwat, mauchsu, and majouchsu. The two first are generally made use of for what is inanimate; the latter two, for what is animate. Paschuk is the true Mahicanni word for one." In a subsequent letter, Mr. H. gives the following more copious explanation in respect to the Delaware numerals; which serves at the same time to elucidate the curious structure of the Indian languages: "Not being quite satisfied with the partial answer I gave you in a hurry respecting the numeral one, I will now expatiate more fully thereon; first, pointing out what words the Delawares have in their language, equally necessary to be known, in addition to the one above quoted; as much depends, in speaking their language, upon having each word in its proper place; for although the numeral n'gutti, for one, may be in a manner considered as the general word in this language for the number one, (be the same animate or inanimate) yet it is not always the case. Indeed the first syllable of that word, n'gut, (I leave out always the prefixed n, there being no necessity for it, as it is only put there to explain the numeral; as by saying "one single one,") I say, that although this first syllable is very useful, and prefixed to a great number of compound words, all which tend to show that this syllable gut cannot be dispensed with, as will by and by be shown by examples; yet, the latter syllable of the numeral, the ti, is not only in numerous cases useless, but would be even improper, if retained. Ex. The Indian name or word for a one-legged person, being gut-gat, is a compound of two words; gut, from GUTTI, one, and gat, from WICHGAT, the leg: GUTGATSU, he is one-legged, or has but one leg. GUTOKENAK is the word for one day; GUTAWICAN, one fathom (awican being the word for one fathom, or six feet;) GUT-TAPACHKI, one hundred, &c. Generally speaking, the ༦ Indians are very nice in the selecting of words. I will give you such as are in conjunction with the one in question, viz. GUTTI, one: Zeisb. 11, MAWAT (only) one.' Zeisb. 13, MAYAAT (is the same in the Minsey.) The two latter of these three words can in no wise be made use of with that which is animate; on the other hand, the words MAUCHSU and MAYAUCHSU are the proper words for what is animate: MAUCHSU LENNO is one man; MAUCHSU TIPAS, one (single) fowl, &c. (Mayauchsu is the Minsey word for the same. See Zeisberger 52, at bottom.) If I meant to say to a Lenape, that of all the men who had returned from hunting, only one (single person) had killed a deer, I could not make use of the numeral n'gutti, for that one, but I must say-bischi apallauwiwak lennowak weemi allod máuchsu (or mayauchsu) schuk, mescheu. See, for mayauchsu, Zeisb. p. 52, at bottom; and for MEmayauchsiyENK, every ONE of us, MEmayauchsiyEEK, every ONE of you, Zeisb. P. 105. "You inquire further, whether it is the same in the Delaware, as Cotton says it is in the Natick [Massachusetts] that there are two words for the numeral one-n'gutte or nequt, for a thing past, and pasuk, for a thing present.' In this remark, I consider Cotton to be under a mistake; for I am sure, that the Mahicanni word n'gutte (the same as the Delaware n'gutti or gutti) is a general word, and in constant use for the present. The Mahicanni say-gutte or gutta for one: "Gutta-gún (in Delaware, guttigull) ONE six-penny piece-n'guttóxena (Delaw. guttaxen) ONE pair of shoes, &c. I presume the Natick word nequt answers to the Delaware gutTEN, since it points to the past, as for instancegütTEN n'gachti angeln, ONCE I was on the point of dying; gutTEN woapan, ONCE of a morning; schuk gutTEN Cuequenáku m'pahn, ONLY ONCE I have been at Philadelphia, &c. The Delawares have also the word nekti (See Zeisb. p. 14) much in use when speaking of any one thing or article, and not being possessed of more than the one of that kind. "I have already said (in my last letter) that paschuk is a true Mahicanni word for one; and so I suppose nequt to be, in its proper place. "You inquire how this word paschuk is pronounced, whether "as in German, or as in English, with the acute a. I always write words according to the pronunciation of the Germans; but in writing the word according to the English alphabet, I should write it pawshuk. I will add one observation on certain differences between the -languages of the Mohegans (or Mahicanni) and the Delawares, both in respect to the words themselves, and the manner of pro nouncing. The Mohegans, by changing some of their letters in words from that of the Delawares, by dropping others entirely, and by drawing out their words in speaking, give the language a different sound from what it otherwise would have, were they to abide by the proper letters, and speak off hand as the Delawares do. They generally drop the letter L of the Delawares, and supply its place with the letter N; and where the Delawares have a single vowel, they sound their word as if there were two. For example: " ni (1) oyos (meal) niluna (we) OTTAHA, &c. To these remarks on the Indian numerals, it may be useful to add an important observation made by Mr. Heckewelder, in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee. He there says On the subject of the numerals, I have had occasion to observe, that they sometimes differ very much in languages derived from the same stock. Even the Minsi, a tribe of the Lenape or Delaware nation, have not all their numerals like those of the Unami tribe, which is the principal among them."* * Correspondence with Mr. Du Ponceau, in the Transactions, p. 381. INDEX OF INDIAN WORDS IN ELIOT'S GRAMMAR INCLU DING SELECT WORDS FROM HIS TRANSLATION OF THE BIBLE. Advertisement. THE following Index was originally intended by the editor to include only those Indian words, which are contained in Eliot's Grammar; and Mr. Du Ponceau had prepared (from the Grammar and Bible together) a separate List of words, corresponding to the seventy English words of the Comparative Vocabularies in Dr. Barton's New Views of the Tribes and Nations of America. But, as many of the words in Mr. Du Ponceau's List were also to be found in the Grammar, and would of course be repeated in an index to that work, the editor has (with the concurrence of Mr. Du Ponceau) incorporated the whole into the present Index. In order, however, to enable the reader to select from it all the words, which correspond to those of Dr. Barton's List, and thus supply the want of a separate Vocabulary, such corresponding words are here printed in SMALL CAPITALS. The words selected from the Bible, by Mr. Du Ponceau, will be readily distinguished by their having no references to pages annexed to them. A. A (a vowel often inserted for the sake of euphony) Page See Gram. p. 9. 21 Ahque (adv. of forbidding) beware, do not ACHQUNNON, rain. See SOKANON Ah (an inflexion of animate nouns.) See Gram. Ahquompak, when Ahtuk, a deer 8 21 2 came a man; wompi, white, 2 Ash (the plural termination 21 ANOGOS, a star 9 Anomut, within 21 10 Anue (adv. of choosing) more ASKONUн, skin rather; also a sign of the compar Asquam (adv. of choosing) ative degree: Anue menuh not yet Assootu, foolish Anúm, a dog Ao, ooo and yeux; terminations added to nouns, adjectives, adverbs, &c. in order to change them into verbs substantive; as, wosketomp, a man, wosketompooo, he is a man, or he be At; a termination used in 20 Chaubohkish; except, besides 22 I (used as the termination of the inanimate form of some Ishkont, leşt 21 Ken, thou 21 Ehoh, (interj. of encouraging) 22 En See át Emes ΟΥ es; terminations Es and esu (terminations of 12 the animate form of some - nouns H. Hah; the same as ehoh Hóh (adv. of calling; the Horsemes; diminutive of the Howanig; plural of howan VOL. IX. 12 Kenaau, ye Kenawun or neenawun, we thee* 22 11 11 11 11 7 7 7 18 18 18 11 11 Kenuppoowonukqun, he died Kenuppoowonukoo, he died for Kenutcheg, thy hand Kenutcheganash or kenutche- Kenutcheganoo, your hand (pl.) 11 cheganash KESUKOD, day Kesukquieu, toward heaven 11 21 17 17 I 22 Koowadchansh, I keep thee 222 12 12 keep it for thee, I act in 18 "This form [of the verb] is of |