deed) will fatisfy an Indian; for he has no ftimulus to induftry. When he has killed food he has generally procured clothing alfo; therefore he will work no longer. As feals are infinitely more valuable to an Efquimau, and much more certain to be killed by him, than foxes, martens, or any other animals, on the fkins of which luxury has fixed a better price; it is not furprising that he will ftick close to the chafe of the one, to the great neglect of the other. Befides, the catching of furs is fo fatiguing and precarious, and the carcafes fo fmall, that, were he to give up his time to that bufinefs, his family must perish with hunger. Yet I have not a doubt, but commerce will, in progrefs of time, have the fame effect on thefe people, that it ever has had on other nations: it will introduce luxury, which will increase their wants, and urge them to much more induftry than they at prefent poffefs. They will then purchase traps, learn to build deathfalls, and contrive other devices to kill furs, at fuch times as a fuccessful feal-chafe hall give them leifure to pay proper attention to that branch of trade.' That the reader may be enabled to form fome idea of the general tenor of the prefent work, and of the mode in which it is executed, we shall lay before them the following random extract: January 1772. Monday 27. Wind N. W. hard.—I was free from complaints to-day, but the badness of the weather kept me at home: I scraped an otter skin, and did fome other trifling things. Charles appears rather to mend, but is still very ill, (from exceffive drinking.) By thrufting his feet out of bed, four of his toes were burnt by the froft; notwithstanding the foot of his bed was no more than fix feet from the kitchen fire; which was conftantly a good one. This evening I cut off the mortified parts, fomented them with a strong decoction, and dreffed them with bafilicon to bring on a fuppuration. I had hitherto made ufe of mild fomentations and poultices, although I well knew the confequence; judging it better to facrifice the end of his toes, than endanger his life; which I was apprehenfive the application of cold water would have done. Hard froft, with fnow and drift. Tuesday 28. S. E. bard.-This being another bad day, I employed myself in netting, attending my patient, and in ftudying phyfic and furgery. At night [moderate], the evening, or fome other ftar, fhone remarkably, and appeared luminous and large; it bore South at ten o'clock and feemed to be not very high. • Continual fnow till night, then quite clear. Wednesday 29. N. W. fresh.-I attended my patient, fcraped an otter-fkin, and bottled off fome Jamaica rum. • Some fnow in the morning, dull and raw afterwards. • Thursday 30. S.S. E. little.-I went up Profpect Hill, cleared and fresh tailed the traps: the fnow is much deeper now, than at any time this winter, and fo light, that I funk a foot deep in my Indian rackets. No fign of any thing in the traps. Bottled off the remainder of the rum. Hot fun, with fharp, pleasant weather. Friday 31. S. E. little.-At noon I took a walk up the river, and faw the track of a wolvering in Juniper Droke, and of a marten at the the lower fhoot; to which place I fhifted the uppermost trap, and brought home the lower one from Watfon Brook. Clear day, dull evening; froze very little. February. Sunday 1. S. E. moderate-At three o'clock in the afternoon, Mr. Bullock, a midshipman, belonging to the garrison of Chateau, and a marine, arrived from Seal Island. Foggy, drizzling, cold, thawing weather. Sunday 2. E.S. E. fresh.-1 read prayers to my family. In the evening Charles grew worfe again, and had a very indifferent night. Weather as yesterday. Monday 3. S. E. fresh.-After breakfast Mr. Bullock went with me to the traps under Belvoir Hill, which I found covered deep with fnow, and brought them home; likewife the flip which was in Saw. yer's Path. It was very heavy walking, the fnow being wet. In the afternoon, a man whom Mr. Bullock left at Seal Island yesterday came up here; he faw the flot (foot mark *) of a brace of deer on the bay; they came from the Caribou Islands, and went upon the Cape land on the fouth fide of White-bear Sound. Charles was exceedingly bad all day and night. Cloudy weather, with free thaw. • Tuesday 4. N. W. moderate.-After breakfaft Mr. Bullock and I went up and Brook, where we faw the tracks of two wolverings, one of which had been caught by a hook, that I had hung from the branch of a tree, with a bait upon it, and had broken it; he afterwards got into a trap which was not far off, and carried it to fome diftance, where the creeper caught hold of a bufh, and he escaped after a very long ftruggle. I tailed that trap on the island below the rattle, the other where it was before, and two double fpring ones, which we brought home yefterday, by the fide of the brook. Mr. Bullock fhot a fquirrel and an owl. Charles was exceedingly bad all day, but rather better at night. The marine being not well, I bled him; and being indifpofed myself, I took an emetic. Gentle froft, with clear, warm, pleasant weather all day; at night we had rain, hail, and fnow. Wednesday 5. W. fre.-Mr. Bullock and I went up Profpe&t Hill, but could not find the trap on the barrens; we brought home that by Long Pool, and fresh tailed the rett. The marine and I were very well to-day; Charles was better till the evening, but then grew worse. A clear, pleasant day. Thursday 6.-After breakfast Mr. Bullock accompanied me up the river, and to Snug Pond; we both fired at a fpruce-game, without doing any execution. During our abfence, my faithful old fervant Charles breathed his laft. I fet the cooper to make a coffin for him. Clear, pleafant weather." Though many of the occurrences recorded in this Journal are equally unimportant with thofe which are contained in the A gloilary, prefixed to each volume, explains a number of phrafes ufed by mariners and hunters. preceding preceding extract, yet, fuch is the fimplicity with which they are related, and fo judicious and interefting are the obfervations and narratives which univerfally occur, that the prefent volumes may juftly be recommended as a fource not only of amusement, but of information. Under this defcription we may properly clafs the account of the behaviour, while in London, of thofe Efquimaux Indians who accompanied Mr. C. on his return to England, at the conclufion of his first voyage. If we exceed our ufual limits, we hope that the nature of the extract will be our apology: Dec. 1772. Friday 11, to Sunday 13.-At three o'clock this after-. noon we came to an anchor in the Downs, and took a pilot on board. We failed from thence the next morning, and in twenty-four hours came to an anchor in Gravefend Road; I landed with the two men, and fet off for London in a post-chaife, where we arrived at three in the afternoon. Monday 14.-I went down the river this morning, met the vessel in the Pool, and brought the women on shore. They were greatly aftonished at the number of fhipping which they faw in the river; for they did not fuppofe that there were fo many in the whole world: but I was exceedingly disappointed to obferve them pafs through London Bridge without taking much notice of it. I foon difcovered that they took it for a natural rock which extended across the river. They laughed at me when I told them it was the work of men; nor could I make them believe it, till we came to Blackfriars Bridge, which I caufed them to examine with more attention; fhewing them the joints, and pointing out the marks of the chizzels upon the ftones. They no fooner comprehended by what means fuch a ftructure could be erected, than they expreffed their wonder with astonishing fignificancy of countenance. On landing at Westminster Bridge, we were immediately furrounded by a great concourfe of people; attracted not only by the uncommon appearance of the Indians who were in their feal-fkin dreffes, but also by a beautiful eagle, and an Efquimau dog; which had much the refemblance of a wolf, and a remarkable wildness of look. I put them all into coaches, with as much expedition as poffible, and drove off to the lodgings which I had prepared in Leicester Street. In a few days time, I had fo many applications for admittance to see the new visitors, that my time was wholly taken up in gratifying the curiofity of my friends and their acquaintance; and the numbers who came made my lodgings very inconvenient to the landlord as well as to myself. I therefore refolved to look out for a house. I foon hired a fmall one, ready furnished, for ten guineas a month, in Little Caftle Street, Oxford Market, and removed thither. Being willing, as far as lay in my power, to comply with the inceffant applications of my friends for a fight of the Indians; and finding it impoffible either to have any reft, or time to tranfact bufinefs, I appropriated two days a week to that purpofe, viz. Tuesdays and Fridays. On thofe days, not only my houfe was filled, even to an inconvenience, inconvenience, but the street was fo much crowded with carriages and people, that my refidence was a great nuisance to the neighbourhood. As their skin dreffes had a dirty appearance and an offenfive fmell, I provided a quantity of broad-cloth, flannel, and beads, together with whatever elfe was neceffary; and the women now having leisure to work, and being excellent taylors, foon clothed them all anew; preserving their own fashion in the cut of their garments. I once took the men to the opera when their Majesties were there, and we chanced to fit near Mr. Colman, the manager of Covent Garden Theatre, who politely invited all the Indians and myself to a play at his house. He fixed on Cymbeline, and they were greatly delighted with the reprefentation. But their pride was most highly gratified, at being received with a thundering applaufe by the audience, on entering the box. The men foon obferved to their wives, that they were placed in the King's box, and received in the fame manner as their Majefties were at the opera: which added confiderably to the pleasure which they felt from the tout enfemble. Never did I obferve fo young a child pay fuch unremitting attention to the whole representation, as little Ickeuna: no fooner did the fwords begin to clash, in the fighting fcene between Pofthumus and Iachimo, but she fet up a moft feeling fcream. About a fortnight after our arrival in town, having provided great-coats, boots, and hats for the men, in order that they might pafs through the ftreets unobferved, I took Attuiock with me and walked beyond the Tower. We there took boat, rowed up the river, and landed at Westminster Bridge; from whence we walked to Hyde Park Corner, and then home again. I was in great expectation, that he would begin to relate the wonders which he had feen, the instant he entered the room; but I found myself greatly difappointed. He immediately fat down by the fire-fide, placed both his hands on his knees, leaned his head forward, fixed his eyes on the ground in a ftupid ftare; and continued in that posture for a confiderable time. At length, toffing up his head, and fixing his eyes on the ceiling, he broke out in the following foliloquy : Oh! I am tired; here are too many houses; too much fmoke; too many people; Labrador is very good; feals are plentiful there; I wish I was back again." By which I could plainly perceive, that the multiplicity, and variety of objects had confounded his ideas; which were too much confined to comprehend any thing but the inconveniencies that he had met with. And indeed, the longer they continued in England, the more was I convinced of the truth of that opinion: for their admiration increased in proportion, as their ideas expanded; til at length they began more clearly to comprehend the ufe, beauty, and mechanism of what they faw; though the greater part of these were as totally loft upon them, as they would have been upon one of the brute creation. Although they had often paffed St. Paul's without betraying any great aftonishment, or at leaft not fo much as all Europeans do at the rft fight of one of thofe ftupendous islands of ice, which are daily to be feen near the east coast of their own country, yet when I took them to the top of it, and convinced them that it was built by the hands of men, men, (a.circumflance which had not entered their heads before, for they had fuppofed it a natural production,) they were quite loft in amazement. The people below, they compared to mice; and infifted that it must at least be as high as Cape Charles, which is a mountain of confiderable altitude. Upon my afking them how they fhould defcribe it to their countrymen on their return, they replied, with a look of the utmott expreffion, they should neither mention it, nor many other things which they had feen, left they should be called liars, from the feeming impoffibility of fuch aftonishing facts. Walking along Piccadilly one day with the two men, I took them into a fhop to fhew them a collection of animals. We had no fooner entered than I obferved their attention riveted on a fmall monkey; and I could perceive horror most strongly depicted in their countenances. At length the old man turned to me and faltered out, "Is that an Efquimau?" I must confefs, that both the colour and contour of the countenance had confiderable resemblance to the people of their nation; but how they could conceive it poffible for an Efquimau to be reduced to that diminutive fize, I am wholly at a lofs to account for; unless they had fixed their attention on the countenance only, and had not adverted to any other particulars. On pointing out feveral other monkeys of different kinds, they were greatly diverted at the mistake which they had made; but were not well pleased to observe, that monkeys resembled their race much more than ours. The parrots, and other talkative birds, next attracted their notice. And it was a great treat to me, both then and at all other times, to obferve their different emotions, much more forcibly expreffed in their countenances, than is poffible to be done by thofe, whofe feelings are not equally genuine. Civilized nations imperceptibly contract an artificial expreffion of countenance, to help out their languid feelings; for knowledge, by a communication with the world and books, enlightens our ideas fo much, that they are not fo liable to be taken by furprife, as the uninformed mind of the favage, who never had the leaft hint given him, that certain things are in existence; confequently, they break upon them as unexpectedly, and forcibly, as the fun would do upon a man who was born deaf and blind, in case he should fuddenly be brought to fight on a clear day. Being on a dining vifit, with that excellent furgeon and anatomift, the ingenious John Hunter; in the afternoon Attuicck walked out of the room by himself, but prefently returned with fuch evident marks of terror, that we were all greatly alarmed, fearing fome accident had happened to him; or, that he had met with an infult from one of the fervants. He feized hold of my hand, and eagerly pressed me to go along with him. I asked the cause of his emotion, but could get nothing more from him than "Come along, come along with me," and he hastily led me into a room in the yard, in which stood a glafs cafe containing many human bones. "Look there," fays he, with more horror and confternation in his countenance, than I ever beheld in that of man before," are thofe the bones of Efquimaux whom Mr. Hunter has killed and eaten? Are we to be killed? Will he eat us, and put our bones there?" As the whole company followed us, the other |