Semblaunt, ii. 12, semblance, ap pearance; Fr. semblant (Cotgrave). Sent, i. 43, perception; sent is the old spelling of scent, so in Cotgrave: 'odeur, an odor, sent, smell;' Fr. sentir. Shamefast, x. 15, modest; the word now absurdly misspelt shamefaced, see good note in Trench, Eng. Past and Pres. (s.v.); schamefast, Chaucer, 2057; A. S. scamfæst; for termination fæst cp. A. S. árfæst, honourable, sóðfæst, truthful; Sweet, lxxxvi. Shaume, xii. 13, a musical instrument said to resemble the clarionet, a wind instrument of the reed kind. The word occurs in the forms shalm, shalmie (cp. M.H. G. schalmie); from O. Fr. chalemie, chalemel, calamel (Bartsch), a reed-pipe; from Lat. calamus, a reed. In Ps. xcviii. 7 (P. B.V.) 'shawms' 'cornet' (A.V.) = tuba cornea (Vulg.) = Heb. shophâr, cow's horn or ram's horn. Shew, iii. 10, mark, track. Shroud, i. 6, to get cover, take shelter; M. E. schruden,' vestire' (Stratmann); cp. A. S. scrýdan and O. N. skrýda. Shyne, x. 67, bright light; so Ps. xcvii. 4 (P. B. V.), 'His lightnings gave shine unto the world.' Signe, x. 61, watchword; so Lat. signum. Silly, see seely. Sinke, i. 22, receptacle of everything foul; see Stratmann. Sit, i. 30, impers. with holy father sits not with such things to mell, i. e. it does not become, suit a holy father, &c. So in Chaucer often, see glossary to Chaucer, Prior. Tale, Clar. Pr. ed. It is a French idiom; the uses of seoir (1) to sit, (2) to suit, to be becoming (Bartsch); bienséance, becoming manners, propriety. Cp. L. Lat. sedere (Ducange). cp. Sith, vii. 22; x. 64; sithens, iv. 51; ix. 8, since; M. E. sith; A. S. síð, since (Grein); sithens (whence since) arose from M. E. sithen (A. S. siðan) +-es, common as an adverbial ending, as in need-s, twi-es; see middest. Slight, vii. 30, device, contrivance; sleighte, Chaucer, 606. This is a Scandinavian word, from O. N. slæg, slyness, see Stratmann. Cp. Eph. iv. 14 (A.V.) 'by the sleight of men · ἐν τῇ κυβείᾳ K.T.λ. , = Snaggy, vii. 10, having snags, i. e. lumps on a tree where a branch has been cut off (Halliwell). Snag a north country word, prob. of Scandinavian origin. Cp. O. N. snagi. Snubbe, viii. 7, a bough cut short, hence a snag, see snaggy. A Scandinavian word, cp. O.N. snubba, to cut short, to snub, snubbóttr, with top cut off. Hence our 'snub-nose.' Solemnize, x. 4, verbal sb. solemnizing; Lat. sollennis, established, appointed by state authority, festive, solemn. Sooth, iii. 29, truth; soothsayer, v. 8; A. S. sód (for santh); cp. O. N. sannr (for santh-r), and Skt. satya, from *súntam, pres. pt. of ás-mi, I am; cp. Lat. -sent in absentem, præsentem. 'Sooth' therefore means properly that which exists, that which actually is. See M. Müller, Lect. ii. 378. Sorceresse, ii. 34, an enchantress; so in Cotgrave (s.v. sorciere); Fr. sorcier L. Lat. sortiarius, one who casts lots (sortes), see Brachet (s.v. sorcier). Souce, v. 8, to beat, drub. A North Country word, see Jamie son. Soust, iii. 31, pp. plunged into water, drenched; Fr. 'saucer, to sauce, also, to dip' (Cotgrave). Sauce L. Lat. salsa (from Lat. sal) salted, see Brachet (s.v.). Sowne, i. 41, sound; so Chaucer, 275; Fr. son; Lat. sonus. Sperst, i. 39; iv. 48, pp. dispersed ; the verb to disperse is from Lat. dispersus, pp. of dispergere. Spill, iii. 43, to destroy; cp. Chaucer, 8379, 'ye mowe saue or spille ;' A. S. spillan, to destroy; cp. O. N. spilla. Spousd, x. 4, betrothed; O. Fr. espouser (Bartsch); Lat. sponsare. Cp. Wiclif, Matt. i. 18, Marie... spousid (desponsata, Vulg.) to Joseph.' Spies, ii. 17, 'speculatores, i. c. oculi quibus speculatur' (Upton). Spy in O. Eng. spie (Stratmann); O. Fr. espie; the verb espier in Chanson de Roland, from O.H.G. spehon. Spright, i. 38, an evil spirit; spright spelt arbitrarily for sprite; Fr. esprit; Lat. spiritus. See Earle, sect. 154. Squire, vii. 29; viii. 3, an attendant on a knight; properly one who bore the knight's shield; Chaucer, 79, squyer; O. Fr. escuïer (Bartsch), from O. Fr. escu, escut; Lat. scutum, a shield. Hence the modern English country 'squire,' and the now unmeaning title used in addressing letters, Esquire,' 'Esq.' Stadle, vi. 14, staff, properly a foundation, support; see Nares. A. S. starol (Grein), -ol properly an adjectival suffix; see Sweet, lxxxvi. Starke, i. 44, stiff; so A. S. stearc, validus, rigidus (Grein). Sted, viii. 17; ix. 41; xi. 46, place; iv. 2, in her sted,' cp. mod. instead, A. S. stede. The word occurs very often as a termination in English local names, e. g. Bansted, Binsted, Elstead, Stanstead (all in Surrey); see bestedd. Steede, ii. 45, a spirited horse, for war; M. E. stede (Stratmann); A. S. stéda, from stód, a stud. Stew, xi. 44, a warm place; M. E. in many forms, see Stratmann; O. Fr. estuve (mod. étuve); Prov. estuba; L. Lat. stuba. Cp. O. H. G. stupa, Ger. stube; A. S. and O. N. stofa, stove. Steward, x. 37, one who has = charge of a household, oeconomus; M. E. stiward, Ancren Riwle. p. 386; A. S. stíweard in the Chron. A.D. II20, an officer of the court of Henry I. Stiweard stig(stige, sty) + weard, a keeper, warden of the sty or cattlepen. Hence the royal name of Stuart! Stole, i. 4; iii. 4; xii. 22, the black hood of Una; cp. Milton, Il Pens. 35, 'sable stole of Cyprus lawn;' Gr. στολή. Stound, vii. 25; viii. 12, 25, 38; xi. 36, a time of trouble, peril, alarm; properly a short space of time (A. S. stund); cp. Ger. stund, an hour. Stowre, ii. 7; iii. 30; iv. 46; v. 51; vii. 12; viii. 5; x. 40, battle, disturbance, peril; Chaucer, stoure; O. Fr. estur, estor, in Chanson de Roland, the tumult of battle; O. N. styrr, a stir, tumult, battle. Stub, ix. 34, an old stump of a tree; O. N. stubbi. Stye, xi. 25, to ascend, mount; Milton, Vacation Ex., 27; L. Lat. suspectus suspicio' (Ducange). Swayne, viii. 13, youth; Chaucer, 4025; O. N. sveinn, a boy, lad; a servant, attendant; cp. Dan. svend, an apprentice, and swain in boat-swain, cox-swain. Swelt, vii. 6, burned; Layamon, 25594; pret. of M. E. swelen, 'urere'; A. S. swelan (see Grein). Swinge, xi. 26, to singe; so in various dialects (Halliwell); M. E. sengen, Chaucer (see Stratmann); A.S. (be)sengan. The verb sengan is a causal verb from singan, and means properly to cause to sing, because the sound produced by burning slightly seems to be a kind of singing; see Weigand (s. v. séngen). Swyne, iv. 21, a pig, porcus; A. S. swin (sb. n.), a hog, a boar. Swine is now generally accepted as a plur. form. In Chaucer it is sing. and pl. like sheep, deer. See Earle, sect. 382. Syre, vi. 30, sire, father; O. Fr. sire (domine) in the Chanson de Roland, frequently in addressing Charlemagne; sire is derived from Lat. senior, elder, whereas seigneur, sieur = seniorem. The stages were senior, *se'ior, sire; cp. pire =Lat. peior, see Constans, Chrestomathie, notes, p. 23. T. Table, ix. 49, a picture; properly the panel or surface on which a picture was painted; cp. Shakespeare, K. John, II, ii. I beheld myself, Drawn in the flattering table of her eye;' Lat. tabula, a painted panel, a picture, from the diminutive of which, *tabulellum comes Fr. tableau, a picture. Talaunts, xi. 41, talons; Fr. talon, a heel; L. Lat. talonem, from Lat. talus; see Brachet. Teade, xii. 37, a torch; Lat. taeda. Teene, ix. 34; xii. 18, grief, hurt; Chaucer, 3108; A. S. teóna, injury, insult. Tell, iv. 27, to count; M. E. tellen (Stratmann); A. S. (ge)tellan. Teme, ii. I, 'his sevenfold teme,' i.e. the Great Bear, the seven bright stars, Septemtriones, called also 'boves et temo,' oxen and shaft. See M. Müller, Lect. ii. 400. Note that this teme = Lat. temo, shaft, has no connection with Eng. team (teme, v. 28), a line of draught animals A. S. teám, a line of descendants, O. N. taumr, a rein, bridle, from root tuh, to draw; see Fick, iii. 122. Thorough, i. 32; x. I, through; so now in various dialects (Halliwell); M. E. poru in Havelok= A. S. purh; in the A. S. Chron. A.D. 998, this preposition appears as duruh. Note the prep. through and the adj. thorough are one and the same word. Thrall, ii. 22; vii. 44; viii. 1, sub ject; v. 45, 51; viii. 32, 37, prisoner; vi. 6, one in distress; in Chaucer thral, a servant, serf; A.S. præl, a serf; cp. O. N. præll. Thrill, iii. 42; x. 19, to pierce; thrillant, xi. 20, piercing; A. S. þyrlian. See nosethrill. Thrist, vi. 38, to thirst; so Wiclif, Matt. v. 6. Throw, x. 41, throe, pang; throwe, aerumna, Prompt. Parv.; A. S. predá, misery, calamity; cp. O. N. þrá. Tide, ii. 29, a duration of time; A. S. tid, tempus; cp. Ger. zeit. Timely, i. 21; iv. 4, in due season, according to a set time; O. Eng. timlich, see Stratmann. Tinsell, ii. 13, a silver texture, less dense and stout than cloth of silver,' Keightley; see Trench, S. G. (s.v.). But 'tinsel' does not always refer to silver; cp. Cotgrave, s. v. brocatel, tinsell; or thin cloth of gold, or silver.' Fr. étincelle; O. Fr. estincele; Lat. scintilla, see Diez, p. 579. Tire, iv. 35, a tier, row, or rank' (Halliwell); Dryden, H. P. iii. 317; Milton, P. L. vi. 605. Tire, viii. 46; x. 31, a head-dress; so in the Bible (A.V.), Is. iii. 18; Ezek. xxiv. 17, 23; cp. Ger. zier; see Skeat. Tort, xii. 4, wrong; a French word used in English law; Fr. tort= Lat. tortus, properly twisted, wrung awry, then, wrong, damage, injustice (Brachet). Touch, iii. 2, 'true as touch,' i. e. touchstone; so in Shakespeare, Timon, iv. 3, 'O thou touch of hearts' (namely, gold); for Fr. toucher, see Brachet. Toy, vi. 28, pastime, sport; properly like its cognate Ger. zeug used of implements, utensils, gear, then used for the compound play-toy (spielzeug) plaything. Cp. Du. tuig, implement; O. N. tygi, gear. Trace, viii. 31, to walk; still in use (Halliwell). Fr. tracer, see Brachet. Traine (trayne), i. 18; viii. 17; xi. 37, a tail; Fr. train, see Cotgrave; O. Fr. traïn, a tail (Bartsch). Traine, i. 18; iii. 24; ix. 31, a snare, a draw-net; Fr. traine. From Lat. trahere, see Brachet (s. v. traire). Transmew, vii. 35, to transmute; Fr. transmuër (Cotgrave); see mev Treachour, iv. 41; ix. 32, traitor; M. E. trechour; O. Fr. trecheör, from trecher (trichier), to trick (Bartsch). Gloss II. Treen, ii. 39, adj. of trees; for examples of adjectives in -n or -en see Earle, sect. 391. Trenchand, i. 17; xi. 24, 'trenchand blade,' sharp-cutting; 0. Fr. trenchant, cp. Chanson de Roland, 949, noz espées sunt bones e trenchanz,' our blades are good and cutting. Trespas, i. 30, trespass, transgression; for M.E. exx. see Stratmann; O. Fr. trespas, gen. a departure out of this world, a decease (Cotgrave), from trespasser, to pass beyond, to die, (Bartsch) = Lat. trans, beyond + passare, a L. Lat. verb formed from Lat. passus, a step; see pace. Trinall, xii. 39, threefold; as if from a Lat. trinalis; cp. Milton, Od. Nativ., II, the midst of Trinal Unity.' Truncked, viii. 10, having limbs Trusse, xi. 19, to take fast hold of; Tway, vii. 27, 'in tway,' in twain; M. E. a twa, in two, see Strat- Twyfold, v. 28, twofold; see M.E. twie, 'bis' (Stratmann). Tyne, ix. 15, toil, anxiety; see Tyrannesse, v. 46, female tyrant. On the French fem. termination U. Ugly, ix. 48, horrible; Prompt. V. 21, ипас- quainted light,' the light she was Unbid, ix. 54, without a prayer; unknown, from cúð, known, pp. Uneasy, v. 36, uncomfortable; Uneath, ix. 38; x. 31; xi. 4, adv. Unhable, iv. 23, unable; see Unkindly, i. 26, unnatural; see Unlich, v. 28, unlike; for M. E. Untill, xi. 4, unto; til is the form Unwary, xii. 25, unexpected; wary Unweeting, ii. 45; vii. 6; x. 9, Upbrayd, vii. 3, to reproach; M. |